Dietary supplements versus functional foods: consumers' attitudes to their consumption

Abstract

Purpose

The popularity of dietary supplements (DSs) and functional foods (FFs) is currently widespread worldwide. In general, European countries represent one of the most important markets for both two groups; however, regional differences were reported in their consumption and preferences. The main objective was to determine the attitudes of Czech adult consumers towards DSs and FFs and to find out which ones are most commonly used and for what reasons.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected from 1,049 respondents using a questionnaire survey. A Pearson Chi-squared test was used to determine the association between consumer preferences and selected socio-economic characteristics. A multiple correspondence analysis was used to compare relations among 13 categories of DSs and FFs and the socio-demographic variables.

Findings

The authors’ findings showed a high prevalence of awareness regarding the terms DSs and FFs (79%) and use (99%) of both these categories among the respondents. Data indicated that average consumption of FFs was slightly higher (56.7%) than that of DSs (48.6%). The most popular FFs were identified as dietary fibre, unsaturated fatty acids, followed by probiotics and prebiotics, whereas vitamins, minerals and herbal products were mentioned as the most preferred DSs. The most frequent reasons for consumption of both food products were stress relief, digestive care and immunity boosting.

Originality/value

The authors report for the first time on consumer attitudes to and preferences for the use of DSs and FFs. The findings can contribute to an understanding of general attitudes and preferences regarding both food categories in the EU population.

Citation

Chaloupkova, P., Petrtyl, M., Verner, V. and Kokoska, L. (2020), "Dietary supplements versus functional foods: consumers' attitudes to their consumption", British Food Journal, Vol. 122 No. 12, pp. 3853-3868. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-10-2019-0767