Sociodemographic characteristics and dietary patterns in cardiometabolic risk subjects
ISSN: 0007-070X
Article publication date: 17 September 2019
Issue publication date: 23 October 2019
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the associations of dietary patterns with sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics in a cardiometabolic risk population.
Design/methodology/approach
In this cross-sectional study data from 295 (n=123 men/172 women, 42±16 years) participants in a Cardiovascular Health Care Program were included. After a 24-hour recall interview the dietary patterns were determined using principal component analysis. Sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle data were collected by medical records.
Findings
Subjects with diabetes and hypertension had a higher adherence in the “traditional” pattern (rice, beans, tubers, oils and meats). Poisson regression models showed that male subjects with low schooling and smokers had greater adherence to the “traditional” pattern. Also, students, women, and those with higher schooling and sleeping =7 h/night showed higher adherence to healthy patterns (whole grains, nuts, fruits and dairy). Women, young adults and those with higher schooling and fewer sleep hours had greater adherence to healthy dietary patterns. Those with low schooling and unhealthy lifestyle showed more adherence to the “traditional” pattern.
Social implications
The results indicate the importance to personalized nutritional therapy and education against cardiometabolic risk, considering the dietary patterns specific to each population.
Originality/value
Socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics can influence dietary patterns and this is one of the few studies that investigated this relationship performing principal component analysis.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001 and CNPq 1D-Research Fellow (No. 308772/2017-2). The CNPq and CAPES had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this paper. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The authors are grateful to PROCARDIO-UFV volunteers for their participation in the study and to all the professionals involved in the program, especially in data collection.
Citation
Silveira, B.K.S., Novaes, J.F.d., Vieira, S.A., Rocha, D.M.U.P., Leal, A.C.G. and Hermsdorff, H.H.M. (2019), "Sociodemographic characteristics and dietary patterns in cardiometabolic risk subjects", British Food Journal, Vol. 121 No. 11, pp. 2780-2790. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-04-2019-0259
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited