Absolute basis

, 108

Accountability

, 100

Accounting

, 106

Accounts payable

, 69

Accounts receivable

, 69

American Advertising Federation (AAF)

, 179

American Management Systems (AMS)

, 181

Annual filings

, 72

Annual letter

, 88–89, 94–95, 101

Annual message

, 94–95

Annual report

, 89, 93, 95, 99–101, 106–107

exercise

, 100–103

Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions (AANAPISIs)

, 47

Ask

, 78–79

Assets

, 66

Balance sheet

, 53–54, 65–67, 71–73, 113–114

exercise

, 66, 69, 72, 75

BBB Wise Giving Alliance

, 71

Bearish case

, 82, 116–117, 121–122

Big Board, The

, 77

Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC)

, 36

Black Lives Matter (BLM)

, 135

Board of directors

, 87, 93, 95, 154, 159, 165

Board of governors

, 93, 162

Board of regents

, 93

Board of trustees

, 93, 162

Board of visitors

, 93

Bondholders

, 113

Bonus

, 168

Book value (see Shareholders––equity)

Bottom-line

, 116

Bullish case

, 82, 116, 121–122

Business acumen

, 3–4, 27–28, 177, 179

continuing and professional education

, 23–24

findings

, 13–20

limitations and future research

, 24–25

literature review

, 4–10

method

, 10–13

organizing and advancing body of knowledge

, 21–22

presumed benefits

, 20

professional, organizational, and societal benefits

, 9–10

in public relations context

, 7–9

public relations education and curriculum

, 22–23

and public relations leadership

, 5–7

ways to build

, 181–186

Business executives

, 78

Business literacy

, 5, 22–23, 28

and DEI

, 33–34, 47–48

expert panel

, 35–36

in importance to profession

, 29–30

leadership training and development

, 48–49

limitations and future research

, 49–50

literature review

, 29–34

method

, 34–37

procedure

, 36–37

results

, 37–45

teaching business literacy to future leaders

, 45–47

training and development

, 30–31, 33

Business management skills

, 4

Business savvy communicators

, 18

Business strategy advisor

, 109

Business/economics competence

, 5

Businesswire

, 114

C-suite

, 88, 120–121, 127, 152–154, 159, 162, 166, 180

Calendar year

, 105

Capital markets

, 77–78

Capitalism

, 127

Carbon emissions

, 102

Career stages

, 179–180

Cash and cash equivalents

, 67

Cash flow statement

, 53–54, 65–66

Cause IQ

, 60, 72, 160

Central register

, 99–100

Chair of the board

, 162

Charitable organizations

, 93, 98–100

Charities

, 93

Charity Navigator

, 60, 71–72, 160

CharityWatch

, 71

Chief communications officer (CCO)

, 3, 28, 153–154, 162, 168

Chief corporate affairs officer (CCAO)

, 153–154, 168

Chief diversity officer (CDO)

, 136

Chief executive officer (CEO)

, 55, 67, 87, 93, 113, 119, 152–153, 162, 168

exercise

, 88–91

letter

, 87–89, 95, 101, 107

Chief financial officer (CFO)

, 55, 67, 119, 153, 162, 170

Chief marketing officers (CMOs)

, 39, 153–154, 162, 168

Civil Rights Act of 1964

, 143

Climate change

, 102

Commission on Public Relations Education (CPRE)

, 5, 29

Communication

, 27–28

knowledge management

, 30

practitioners

, 3

professionals

, 3–4, 27, 78, 94

team

, 103

Corporate communication

, 106

leaders

, 28

teams

, 54, 66, 87–88, 120, 128

Corporate finance

, 79

Corporate giving

, 128

Corporate governance

, 152–153, 159, 166–167

Corporate social advocacy (CSA)

, 132

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

, 100, 127, 129, 136–137, 144

reporting

, 127–128

Corporate transparency

, 100

Corporate website

, 152

Corporations

, 93

COVID-19 pandemic

, 135

Current assets

, 67

Current liabilities

, 67–68

Customer success stories

, 102–103

Definitive proxy statement

, 166

Deliberate practice

, 175

Delphi consensus

, 35

Delphi method

, 34–35

Delphi panel technique

, 4, 10

expert panel

, 11–12

procedure

, 12–13

DiversifiedSearch

, 178–179

Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI)

, 33–34, 44, 47–48, 100, 102, 128, 135, 137, 143–145

Diversity and inclusion (D&I)

, 135

Dow 30

, 66, 88, 106

Earnings

, 113, 124

Earnings call

, 115, 120–121

Earnings guidance

, 115, 121

Earnings per share (EPS)

, 56–57, 80

Earnings release

, 55, 67, 78, 113–115, 121

Earnings reports

, 65–66, 77–78

Earnings transcript

, 120

EEO-1 Component 1 report

, 143, 145

EEO-1 report

, 136–137, 148

Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (EDGAR)

, 39, 53, 65, 99, 105, 166

Employee resource groups (ERGs)

, 44

Employee volunteering

, 127–128

Enterprise value

, 79

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG)

, 44–45, 100, 127, 136–137, 144, 177

metrics

, 127–128

ratings

, 129

reporting standards

, 129

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

, 136, 143

Ethical orientation

, 30

Ethics policies

, 154

EURONEXT (Europe)

, 77

European Union (EU)

, 99–100

Exchange traded fund (ETF)

, 184–185

Exec comp (see Executive compensation)

Executive communication

, 87–88, 94

Executive compensation

, 154–155, 170

Executive director

, 93

Executive director letter

, 93–94

exercise

, 94–98

Executive officers

, 168

Expense categories

, 62

Expert panel

, 11–12, 35–36

Expertise in social media

, 5

External assurance

, 131

FactSet CallStreet

, 120

Federal agency

, 143

Federal contractor designation

, 145

52-week range

, 79

Finance

, 106

Financial performance-related metrics

, 90, 101–102

Financial statements

, 53, 65, 78, 99, 108–109, 113–114

Financial valuation essentials

, 77–78

exercise

, 78–81

Fiscal year

, 105

5-point Likert-like scale

, 37

Form 10-K

, 106–107

report

, 99, 101

Form 990

, 60–61, 71, 73, 93–94, 99–100, 160–161

Form DEF 14A

, 165–166

Form10-Q

, 105, 107

Forward-looking statements

, 116, 122

Frontline employee

, 138

Fund balances

, 74–75

GlobeNewswire

, 114

Governance

, 154, 159

Guidance

, 115

GuideStar

, 71

Hispanic-serving institutions (HSIs)

, 47

Historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs)

, 47

HongKongStock Exchange

, 77

Human capital

, 102

Human resources (HR)

, 145

Identity

, 138–139

Images

, 87–88

Impact

, 128, 136

Impact reports

, 100

Income statement

, 53–55, 59–60, 65–66, 78, 113–114

exercise

, 54, 57, 60, 63

Independent directors

, 162, 167

Infographics

, 87–88

Institute for Public Relations (IPR)

, 35–36, 179

Institutional investors

, 106, 127, 143–144

Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

, 59, 71, 93–94, 99–100, 160

International Association of Business Communicators (IABC)

, 179

Intersectionality

, 138–139

Investment analysts

, 78

Investment professionals

, 78

Investment research firms

, 105

Investor relations (IR) (see also Public relations (PR))

, 54, 66, 88, 106, 113, 120

Investors

, 113, 119

Japan Stock Exchange (Japan)

, 77

Key organizational accomplishments and/or milestones

, 95–96

Knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs)

, 5–6

Ladder up

, 117, 123

Leadership training and development

, 48–49

Legal

, 106

Legal proceedings

, 108

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer plus (LGBTQ+)

, 169–170

Letter to shareholders

, 87, 89, 107

Liabilities

, 66–68

Lifelong learning and mindset of champions

, 186–187

Liquidity position of company

, 68

London Stock Exchange (UK)

, 77

Management Discussion & Analysis (MD&A)

, 108

Management proposals

, 168–169

Mandatory disclosures of financial statements

, 72

Market cap (see Market capitalization)

Market capitalization

, 79–80

Marketable securities

, 67

Master’s in Business Administration (MBA)

, 42, 179–180

Material information

, 151

Merger or acquisition announcement

, 120

Message from leadership

, 94

Mid-career professionals and rising leaders

, 180

Money managers

, 78

National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASDAQ)

, 77, 88, 169–170

NASDAQ 100

, 66, 106

National Investor Relations Institute (NIRI)

, 183

National Stock Exchange (India)

, 77

National Student Advertising Competition (NSAC)

, 179

Net cash

, 68

Net income

, 56

net income/profits

, 101–102

Net profit margin

, 56

Net worth

, 66–67, 73

New graduates and young professionals

, 179–180

New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)

, 77, 169–170

News media

, 143–144

Noncurrent assets

, 67

Noncurrent liabilities

, 67–68

Nonprofit organization (NPO)

, 59–61, 73, 93, 99–100, 159

Nonprofits

, 93

Nonwhite executives

, 146

Operating expenses

, 55–56

Operating income

, 56

Operating profit margin

, 56

Oracle of Delphi

, 10, 34–35

Organization’s leadership

, 96

Organizational benefits

, 19

Organizational governance

, 152–153, 159, 161, 166–167

Organizational leadership

, 152

Organizational performance metrics

, 96

Page

, 35–36

Page Center for Integrity in Public Communications

, 35–36

Pay equity

, 139

Pay-versus-performance

, 170

Peer group

, 78

Philanthropy

, 127–128

Plank Center for Leadership in Public Relations

, 30, 35–36

Planning expertise

, 5

PR Newswire

, 114

President

, 93

Price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio)

, 80

Price/earnings-to-growth ratio (PEG ratio)

, 81

Private companies

, 99–101, 151–152, 155

Private sector

, 143

Pro Publica

, 60, 72, 160

Problem solving ability

, 5

Professional benefits

, 19

Profit and loss statement (P&L statement)

, 22, 54–55, 61–63

Proxy

, 165–166

Proxy card

, 165–166

Proxy season

, 165

Proxy statement

, 152–153, 165–167, 169

PRSA Foundation

, 35–36

Public companies

, 78–79, 119–120, 151, 165–166

filings

, 53, 65

Public pension funds

, 143–144

Public relations (PR)

, 3–4, 27

education and curriculum

, 22–23

educators

, 28

leadership

, 5–7

Public Relations Student Society of America (PRSSA)

, 179

Purposeful practice (see Deliberate practice)

Q&A portion of earnings call

, 122

Quarterly conference call

, 119

Quarterly earnings release

, 115, 121

Quarterly earnings report

, 99, 105–106

Quarterly financial statements

, 53–54, 65–66

Registered public accounting firm

, 108–109

Relationship building

, 30

Relative basis

, 108

Reports

, 136

Representation

, 138

Research ability

, 5

Revenue

, 62

less expenses

, 62

revenue/sales

, 101–102

Risk factors

, 107–108

Russell 1000

, 128

S&P 500 index

, 66, 80–81, 88, 106, 128

Science Based Targets (SBTi)

, 129–130

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

, 160

Seeking Alpha

, 120

Self-dynamics

, 30

Senior corporate communications leaders

, 8–9, 31

Senior leaders

, 180

Shanghai Stock Exchange (China)

, 77

Shareholders

, 113, 165–166

equity

, 66, 68–69

letter

, 88

Shares outstanding

, 79–80

Shenzhen Stock Exchange (China)

, 77

Social impact

, 128, 136, 144

Social justice

, 135

Social responsibility

, 128

Socially responsible investing (SRI)

, 143–144

Societal benefits

, 19–20

Stakeholders

, 113, 127–128, 151–152, 159

capitalism

, 127, 144

groups

, 143–144

Stock chart

, 82

Stock exchanges

, 77, 105

Stock indices

, 108

Stock price

, 79, 108

Stock ticker symbol

, 82

Strategic communication students

, 179

Strategic communicator

, 90, 97, 122–123

Strategic decision-making

, 6–7, 30, 177

Strategic management function

, 3–4, 27

Supply chain

, 138

Sustainability

, 102, 128, 136

Sustainable “bottom-line” profits for shareholders

, 127

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

, 128–129

Tax-exempt status

, 71–72, 160

Team collaboration

, 30

10-K annual report

, 106

10-K filing

, 106

10-K wrap

, 106–107

10,000 Hour Rule, The

, 175

Term debt

, 68

Thomson StreetEvents

, 120

Top-line

, 61–62, 115–116

Total assets

, 73–74

Total liabilities

, 67–68, 74

Total net assets

, 74–75

Transparency

, 99–100

Treasury

, 106

“Triple bottom-line” approach

, 127

United Nations (UN)

, 128–129

US nonprofit and charitable organizations

, 93–94

US public companies

, 53, 65–66, 71, 99, 105, 113

US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

, 39, 53, 59–60, 65, 71–72, 99, 105, 151, 165

Valuation

, 78–79

Videos

, 87–88

Whistleblower policy

, 161

White executives

, 146

Woke capitalism

, 128, 132, 144

Writing skills

, 5

Year-over-year (YoY)

, 108