Index

The Impact of Environmental Emissions and Aggregate Economic Activity on Industry: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives

ISBN: 978-1-80382-578-6, eISBN: 978-1-80382-577-9

Publication date: 6 February 2023

This content is currently only available as a PDF

Citation

(2023), "Index", Kumar Pal, M. (Ed.) The Impact of Environmental Emissions and Aggregate Economic Activity on Industry: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 357-368. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80382-577-920231025

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2023 Mihir Kumar Pal


INDEX

Adaptation-led-mitigation
, 200

Agenda 21
, 231, 250

Aggregative methodology
, 233

Agri-hydroscape, changes in
, 203–205

Agricultural practices
, 196

Agricultural production, climate change on
, 196

Agricultural sector
, 253

Agricultural systems, changing climate and
, 199–200

Agriculture
, 197

input management
, 200–208

sector
, 199

sustainability in fertiliser consumption in
, 205–208

Agro-ecosystems
, 200

Agronomic soil conservation strategies
, 201

Air emissions, nature and seasonal trend of
, 337–339

Air pollutants
, 336

Air pollution
, 184, 216, 332

control
, 277

data source
, 185–188

description of study area
, 335–336

higher levels of
, 185

of Kolkata
, 334–335

major causes of seasonal fluctuation
, 340

methodology
, 185–187, 336–340

relevancy in national and international platform
, 333–334

result of analysis
, 188–192

survey of literature
, 184–185

Air quality crisis
, 332

Air Quality Index (AQI)
, 46, 141, 278

growth rate of
, 285

of Mumbai, India, statistics of
, 282

Akaike information criterion (AIC)
, 133, 176

Analytical process
, 95

Annual Survey of Industries
, 344

Artificial intelligence (AI)
, 69

Asian countries
, 94–95

Asian economies
, 95

Augmented Dickey–Fuller test (ADF test)
, 158, 279, 318–319

Automobiles
, 332

Bar diagram
, 186

Barilla Center for Food & Nutrition (BCFN)
, 84

Baseline model
, 114–118

empirical calibration
, 119–120

impact of increase in stringency of environmental norms
, 118–119

impact of technological advancement in production of clean energy
, 119

impact of technological progress towards fuel efficiency
, 119

Basic Services for Urban Poor (BSUP)
, 294

Bengal Smoke Nuisance Act, The
, 1905, 280

Bhagirathi–Hooghly River systems
, 43

Bidirectional Causality
, 108

Biodiversity loss
, 293

Bombay Smoke Nuisance Act, The
, 1905, 280

Bureaucratic system
, 40

Capacity utilisation (CU)
, 314

method for measuring
, 317–318

Capital controls
, 171

Capital deflator
, 161

Capital input
, 160

Capital intensity (CAPIN)
, 347, 352

Capital-wise data
, 301

Capital–labour ratio (K/L)
, 186–187

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
, 12

Carbon Capture/Utilization and Storage (CCS/CCUS)
, 12

Carbon capturing smart cities
, 20

Carbon capturing smart construction industry model
, 15

construction phase and carbon capturing smart supply chain
, 18–19

and construction project management
, 13–16

design phase
, 16–18

recommendations
, 19–20

Carbon capturing smart supply chain, construction phase and
, 18–19

Carbon capturing smart technologies
, 19

Carbon capturing technologies
, 13, 15–16

Carbon dioxide (CO2)
, 1, 94, 166, 170

analysis of results
, 100–108

Breusch–Godfrey Serial Correlation LM Test
, 105

definition of variables and model
, 98–100

first generation panel unit-root tests
, 102

individual cross-section cointegration results
, 104

Johansen Fisher Panel Cointegration Test
, 103

methodology
, 95–98

Pairwise Granger Causality Tests
, 106–107

panel cross-section heteroscadasticity LR Test
, 104

Panel EGLS
, 105

Pedroni residual cointegration test and Kao residual cointegration test
, 102

review of existing literature
, 95

summary of literature review
, 96–97

Carbon dioxide emission to per unit of energy used (CEU)
, 127

Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2E) (see also Environmental emission)
, 2, 4, 12, 14, 108, 129, 175, 344–345

Carbon dioxide removal technologies (CDR technologies)
, 12

Carbon efficiency of energy use (CEU)
, 4

Carbon emission (CE)
, 3, 69, 72, 130, 170

role of nuclear energy to reduce carbon emission problem
, 72

Carbon monoxide (CO)
, 334

Carbon neutrality
, 16

Carbon prices level
, 20

Casual enterprises
, 347

Cement production
, 17

Central Statistical Organization
, 159

Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Pvt. Ltd. (CMIE)
, 344

Chemical and chemical products
, 262–263, 267–269

Chemical industry
, 263

Chemical processes
, 269

Chi-square test
, 133

Chow Test
, 281

Cities
, 17

City-wise data
, 301

Civil society
, 257

Classical theory model
, 251

Clean energy
, 112, 115

per capita
, 117

impact of technological advancement in production of
, 119

Clean technology
, 26

Climate change
, 80, 82, 197, 199, 292–293

on agricultural production
, 196

impacts of climate change on Jordan
, 81–82

Climate-smart agriculture in India

basics of
, 197–198

changing climate and agricultural systems
, 199–200

input management in agriculture
, 200

institutions for
, 208–209

sustainability in fertiliser consumption in agriculture
, 205–208

sustainable water management for
, 200–205

Clinker production process
, 18

CO2 EI
, 345

determinants
, 346–347, 351–352

estimation
, 346

at industry level
, 350–351

Coal
, 68, 126

Coefficient of variation (CVt)
, 220

Cointegration test
, 319

Component bar chart
, 186

Composite indicator
, 232

Computable General Equilibrium (CGE)
, 27

Constant returns to scale (CRS)
, 57, 264

Construction industry
, 13, 18

policies
, 19

Construction phase and carbon capturing smart supply chain
, 18–19

Construction project management, carbon capturing smart construction industry and
, 13–16

Consumer Price Index
, 188

Consumption–emission dynamics
, 31

Contingent Valuation Method (CVM)
, 4, 142

data base and survey design
, 144

econometric specification and results
, 144–151

methodology
, 145–148

objectives and hypothesis of study
, 143–144

results
, 148–151

Convergence test
, 119

Corruption
, 100

Cost function approach

brief review of literature
, 314–315

data sources and methodology
, 316–320

objectives
, 315

Cost of pollution
, 118

COVID-19

data
, 278–279

growth rate of AQI
, 285

implication
, 285–287

lockdown
, 278

methodology
, 279–281

methods
, 278

policy implications
, 287–288

results
, 281–282

stationarity checking
, 279–280

statistics of AQI of Mumbai, India
, 282

structural break and growth rate
, 280–281

structural break or switching points
, 283–284

unit root test
, 282–283

vaccines
, 156

Cultural globalisation (CULG)
, 174

CUSUM Of Squares Test
, 283

CUSUM tests
, 281

CUSUMQ tests
, 281

Cyber technologies
, 208

Data
, 278–279

of pollutants
, 188

sets
, 219

source
, 129–130s, 316

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
, 6, 158, 263

Database
, 316

Decreasing returns to scale (DRS)
, 268

Department of Environment (DoE)
, 46

Department of International Development (DFID)
, 293

Department of Statistics (DoS)
, 85

Design optimization
, 17

Design Phase
, 16–18

Design team
, 16–17

Determinant analysis
, 187

Developed countries (DCs)
, 112

Developing countries
, 170

Development and environment, politics of
, 43–45

Development initiatives
, 43

Development politics
, 41

Dhaka Metrorail
, 47

Direct Air Capture (DAC)
, 12

Disaster risk, perspectives on
, 46–48

Distributive justice
, 112

Divergence test
, 119

Domestic capital
, 61

Domestic pharmaceutical industry
, 156

Dynamic panel equation
, 175

Dynamics, relationship between per capita output growth rate, emission and
, 33

Eco-friendly development
, 250

Eco-industrial zones
, 18

Economic crises
, 266

Economic development
, 40, 141

Economic globalisation
, 171, 174

Economic growth
, 1, 17, 26, 108, 113, 126, 170, 173, 216, 252

and development
, 112

experience of Bangladesh
, 252–255

experience of Maldives
, 255–257

preventing environmental degradation and solving water scarcity problem of Jordan to sustain
, 84–85

theoretical outline of
, 251

Economic scale change (SC)
, 6, 261

Economic system
, 237

Economies mechanisms
, 42

Economists
, 126

Education
, 148

Emerging countries
, 216

Emissions
, 113–114

intensity
, 196

level
, 144

reduction
, 20

relationship between per capita output growth rate, dynamics and emission
, 33

Empirical analysis
, 267

Empirical calibration model
, 119–120

Endogenized green capital
, 3

Endogenous growth theories
, 251

Energy (see also Nuclear energy)
, 72, 115, 126, 345

energy-efficient technologies
, 172

investments
, 72

systems
, 83

Energy consumption (ECON)
, 99, 108, 113

and pollution
, 166–167

Energy intensity (EI)
, 344

and CO2 EI at industry level
, 350–351

database and methodology
, 345–347

method for measuring
, 318

results
, 347–352

Energy resources
, 67–68

in Jordan
, 85

Energy Statistics
, 159

Energy use (ENGU)
, 130, 175

fossil fuels as source of energy and impact on environment
, 126–127

indicator
, 129

lag selection criteria test
, 132–133

literature review
, 127–129

motivation of study
, 129

panel cointegration test
, 134

panel unit root test
, 131–132

source of data
, 129–130

South Asian nations and
, 127

theoretical concept
, 130–131

VECM estimation and Wald test 134–135

Enterprises
, 346–347

Environment
, 40

fossil fuels as source of energy and impact on
, 126–127

politics of development and
, 43–45

Environment regulations
, 218

Environmental air pollution
, 332

Environmental degradation of Jordan to sustain industrial and economic growth, preventing
, 84–85

Environmental emission
, 112, 157

baseline model
, 114–120

basic model
, 56–58

literature review
, 112–114

variant of basic model
, 58–61

variant of first variant
, 61–65

Environmental governance
, 251–252

in Bangladesh
, 254

experience of Bangladesh
, 252–255

experience of Maldives
, 255–257

in Maldives
, 256

theoretical outline of
, 251

Environmental impact assessment (EIA)
, 40

Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)
, 127–128, 141, 172, 250

hypothesis for ASEAN countries
, 95

Environmental norms, impact of increase in stringency of
, 118–119

Environmental pollution
, 82, 254

Environmental problems
, 70

Environmental Protection and Preservation Act
, 256

Environmental regulations
, 216–217, 223

Environmental stresses
, 230

Environmental sustainability
, 306

Environmental systems
, 43, 230

Environmentally sound technology (EST)
, 54, 347

Equilibrium analysis
, 55

Estimated Generalised Least Square (EGLS)
, 4

Euler equation
, 28

Eurofound
, 232

Ex situ techniques
, 201

Expanding growth status (EXPG)
, 347

F-statistic
, 224

F-test
, 162

Factor accumulation
, 315

Factor endowment hypothesis (FEH)
, 54

Farakka Barrage project
, 43

Fertiliser consumption in agriculture, sustainability in
, 205–208

Financial capital (FC)
, 297

Financial development (FDEV)
, 100, 108

Financial globalisation (FING)
, 174

First generation panel unit-root tests
, 98

Fisher combined test
, 134

Fisher-type test
, 98

Fixed effect model
, 187, 217

Fluctuation
, 332

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
, 197

Food security
, 196–197, 201

Foreign capital
, 61

Foreign direct investments (FDI)
, 69, 156, 216

inflows
, 218

trend analysis of
, 221–223

Fossil fuels
, 12

fossil fuel-based energy resources
, 68

impact of rise in price of
, 35–36

as source of energy and impact on environment
, 126–127

4-digit manufacturing industries
, 269, 274

Fuel consumption
, 167

Fully modified ordinary least square estimation (FMOLS)
, 103

Gas fuels
, 129–130

GDP efficiency of energy use (GEU)
, 4, 127

General equilibrium
, 55

Generalised Method of Moments (GMM)
, 5, 175

Global warming
, 94, 141, 199, 293

Globalisation
, 54n1, 67, 112, 169–170

data and methodology
, 174–175

empirical findings
, 176–178

index
, 172

literature survey
, 172–174

process
, 170

Governance

concern about
, 45–46

data sources
, 219

factors
, 218

indicators
, 219

Government of India
, 159

Gradient of locus of steady-state conditions
, 38

Granger causality test
, 319–320

findings
, 326–327

Great Depression, The
, 27

Green and sustainable total factor productivity growth
, 12

Green capital
, 3, 54, 61–62

and environment
, 54

Green economy
, 237

Green nuclear energy
, 69

Green technology
, 3, 54, 143

basic model
, 56–58

variant of basic model
, 58–61

variant of first variant
, 61–65

Green-technology
, 112

Greenhouse gas emission (GHG emission)
, 12, 68, 94, 113, 196, 344–345

Gross domestic product (GDP)
, 129, 250

growth
, 108

per capita
, 99

Gross fixed capital stock (GFCS)
, 160

Gross value added (GVA)
, 160

Growth
, 116

of Indian unorganised manufacturing sector
, 347–349

rate of TFP
, 316

Hannan–Quinn information criterion (HQIC)
, 133

Harold Hotelling’s approach
, 29

Hausman’s specification test
, 190

Heavy transportation in metropolitan cities
, 335

Heavy-polluting businesses
, 170

Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek (HOV)
, 54

Household
, 148

Human capital (HC)
, 114, 297, 302

Human health
, 68

Hydrogen (H)
, 68

Im, Pesaran, and Shin test (IPS test)
, 98, 131

In situ techniques
, 201

Independent variables
, 99

India
, 344

basics of
, 197–198

changing climate and agricultural systems
, 199–200

city development plans in
, 294–297

input management in agriculture
, 200

institutions for
, 208–209

sustainability in fertiliser consumption in agriculture
, 205–208

sustainable water management for
, 200–205

Indian agriculture sector
, 196

Indian Boilers Act, The
, 1923, 280

Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
, 208

Indian drugs
, 156

Indian Explosive Act, The
, 1884, 280

Indian manufacturing

industry
, 185–186

sector
, 167, 187

Indian Penal Code
, 280

Indian Petroleum Act, The
, 1934, 280

Indian Pharmaceutical Industry
, 156

database
, 159

energy consumption and pollution
, 166–167

literature review
, 157–159

measurement of output and inputs
, 160–161

measurement of TFPG from trans-log production function
, 161–162

methodology
, 159–160

research gap and motivation of study
, 159–161

results
, 162–166

Indian Subcontinent
, 43

Industrial growth, preventing environmental degradation and solving water scarcity problem of Jordan to sustain
, 84–85

Industrial Revolution (IR)
, 67

Industrial sector
, 84

Industrialisation (INDS)
, 100, 105, 108, 254

in South Asian
, 129

Industries
, 253

Industry dummies (ID)
, 347

Infinitesimal changes
, 56

Influence analysis (IA)
, 235

Informal sector
, 55

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)
, 85

Informational globalisation (INFG)
, 174

Innovation
, 20

Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP)
, 294

Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC)
, 344

International competitiveness in South Asian
, 129

International Financial Statistics
, 219

International green capital immobility

basic model
, 56–58

sectors
, 63–65

variant of basic model
, 58–61

variant of first variant
, 61–65

International Monetary Fund
, 219

International trade

basic model
, 56–58

variant of basic model
, 58–61

variant of first variant
, 61–65

Interpersonal globalisation (INTG)
, 174

Iterative design process
, 16

Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
, 45

Johansen cointegration test
, 321, 326

Johansen Fisher panel cointegration test
, 103

Jordan

impacts of climate change on
, 81–82

to sustain industrial and economic growth, preventing environmental degradation and solving water scarcity problem of
, 84–85

water resources, political and economic aspects of
, 82–84

Jordan Strategy Forum (JSF)
, 84

Kao ADF-Statistic test
, 134

Kao residual cointegration test
, 102

Kapti Dam
, 43

Kendall Rank Correlation Coefficients
, 242

Keynesian demand-side model
, 251

KOF economic globalisation index
, 172

Kolkata
, 332

air pollution
, 334–335

motor vehicles in
, 335

Kyoto protocol
, 287

Labour
, 266

input
, 160

productivity
, 188, 192

Lag selection criteria test
, 132–133

Lagrange Multiplier test
, 351

Large-scale membrane separation
, 13

LEMA Company
, 85

Levin, Lin and Chu’s test (LLC test)
, 98, 131

Life Cycle Cost analysis
, 16

Likelihood ratio test (LR test)
, 132

Line diagram
, 336

Linear programming technique (LP technique)
, 265

Liquid
, 129–130

Location (LOCN)
, 347

Lockdown
, 287

Lower production cost
, 217

Manufacturing sector
, 156

Market-based strategy
, 230

Matarbari coal-based power plant
, 40

Matarbari power plant
, 40, 47

Maximum-likelihood estimates (MLE)
, 267

Mazziotta & Pareto Index
, 232

Membrane separation
, 13

Mercantilism model
, 251

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
, 353

Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
, 80, 218

Million cubic meter (MCM)
, 83

Minamata disease
, 44

Mobilisation
, 237

Model, definition of
, 98–100

Modelling pollution
, 1

Motor Vehicles Act, The
, 1939, 280

Motor vehicles in Kolkata
, 335

MPI index
, 5, 234–236

Multinational corporations (MNCs)
, 253

National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC)
, 197

National and international platform, relevancy of air pollution in
, 333–334

National Annual Statistics (NAS)
, 159

National Environment Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)
, 279

National Industrial Classification (NIC)
, 345

National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)
, 208

National political system
, 40

National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO)
, 345

Natural capital (NC)
, 297

Natural gas
, 68, 126

Natural resources
, 309

Nature of operation (NOPN)
, 346–347

Nitrogen (N)
, 205

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
, 184, 186

variation in
, 338–339

Non-renewable energy resource
, 115

Non-renewable energy sources
, 126

Non-stationary time series
, 131

Non-stationary variables
, 319

Normalisation
, 232

Nuclear energy
, 68

investments
, 69

role of nuclear energy to reduce carbon emission problem
, 72

theoretical background
, 69–71

Nuclear energy power plants (NPP)
, 69

OECD countries
, 69

Oil
, 68

Optimal growth-theoretic analysis

literature review
, 26–29

model
, 29–33

relationship between per capita output growth rate and emission and dynamics
, 33

impact of rise in price of fossil fuel
, 35–36

impact of rise in η
, 33–35

Ordinary least squares (OLS)
, 161–162

Organisations
, 295

Organised manufacturing enterprises
, 344–345

Oriental Gas Company Act, The
, 1857

Own account enterprises (OAEs)
, 347

Padma Multipurpose Bridge
, 47

Panel cointegration test
, 134

Panel data

estimation method
, 187

regression model
, 346

results
, 223–225

Panel model
, 190

Panel regression estimation
, 190

Panel unit root test
, 131–132

Particulate matter (PM)
, 184, 186–187

Patent (Amendment) Act (2005)
, 156

Payra Deep Sea Port
, 47

Pedroni residual cointegration test
, 102

Pedroni test
, 134

Per capita capital stock
, 116

Per capita GDP (PCGD)
, 175

Per capita output growth rate, relationship between emission, dynamics and
, 33

Perennial enterprises
, 346–347

Perpetual inventory method (PIM)
, 160

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
, 280, 284

Personal discounting
, 28

Petroleum
, 126

Pharmaceutical industry
, 156

Phillips–Perron test (PP)
, 162, 279, 318–319

Phosphorous (P)
, 205

Photochemical products
, 269

Photovoltaic power plant (PVPP)
, 85

Physical capital (PC)
, 295, 297

Poirier’s Spline function approach
, 6, 285

Policy
, 295

Policy-makers
, 294

Political globalisation (POLG)
, 174

Political strategy
, 45

Politics of development and environment
, 43–45

Pollutants
, 188, 332

Pollution
, 1, 28, 184, 249, 293

control
, 219

energy consumption and
, 166–167

free technology
, 3

policy recommendations
, 258

research questions, data, and methodology
, 251

result of study
, 257–258

theoretical outline of economic growth and environmental governance
, 251–252

Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH)
, 53, 170

Pooling proxy equation
, 131

Potassium (K)
, 205

Principle of Optimality
, 28

Private good
, 30

Private sector
, 85

Product Patent Act
, 157

Productivity
, 314

growth
, 315

Protest bidders
, 146

Public bad
, 30

Quantitative analysis
, 5

Quantitative data
, 95

Rainwater harvesting techniques
, 200

Rampal power plant project
, 47

Ramsey equation
, 29

Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans Framework (R-C-K Framework)
, 3

Random effect model
, 187, 190

Random utility model (RUM)
, 147

Rapid population growth in South Asian
, 129

Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojona (RKVY)
, 203

RBI Bulletin
, 159

Real gross value added (RGVA)
, 160

Real wage (RW)
, 186–188

Redistribution
, 239

Reduce, reuse, recycle and upcycle (3R+U)
, 13

of CO2 emissions
, 14

Regime change concept
, 3, 56

Respiratory particulate matters (RPM)
, 332

variation in
, 338

Restricted F test
, 351

Reuse, Recycle + Upcycle (2R+U)
, 15

Rice intensification system
, 201

Road vehicles
, 332

Saddle point
, 31

Scale effects (SC)
, 274

Schwarz information criterion (SIC)
, 133

Sea creatures
, 44

Seasonal enterprises
, 346–347

Seasonal trend
, 336

Sector specificity of green capital
, 57

Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR)
, 187

Self-helf Group (SHGs)
, 202

Single-bounded DC bidding process
, 147

Single-equation methods
, 98

Single-factor productivity
, 314

Smart city
, 301, 306

approach
, 295

web
, 309

Smart City Mission

calculation and descriptive analysis
, 301–306

city development plans in India
, 294–297

environmental sustainability
, 306

evaluation of
, 297

holistic framework
, 306–310

methodology
, 297–301

Smart technologies
, 13

integration of
, 15

Social capital (SC)
, 297

Social Cost of Carbon Dioxide (SC-CO2)
, 29

Social discounting
, 28

Social globalisation
, 174

Society–economy–ecology–food relationships
, 199

Socio-economic indicators
, 148

Socio-economic phenomena
, 232

Solid
, 129–130

Solid wastes
, 293

South Asia
, 43

South Asian nations and energy used
, 127

Stacked chart
, 186

Staggered trenches

benefits of
, 201–203

for Sustainable Soil Water Conservation Structure
, 201

Static panel approach
, 217

Static panel data approach

data and methodology
, 219–220

literature review
, 218–219

panel data results
, 223–225

results
, 220–221

trend analysis of FDI inflows
, 221–223

Stationarity test
, 318–319

Statistical analysis
, 241

Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA)
, 6, 263

Structural shift
, 288

Sulphur dioxide
, 186

Sulphur dioxide (SO2) 184

variation in
, 338

Supply chain
, 15, 18–19

Suspected particulate matters (SPM)
, 332

variation in
, 337–338

Sustainability
, 41, 129, 196, 231, 306

in fertiliser consumption in agriculture
, 205–208

thoughts
, 41–43

Sustainable agricultural intensification
, 199

Sustainable development
, 5, 26, 41, 112, 229, 250

methodology
, 231–236

results
, 236–241

Sustainable energy systems
, 238

Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLA)
, 293

Sustainable water management for CSA
, 200

benefits of staggered trenches
, 201–203

changes in agri-hydroscape
, 203–205

other changes in socioeconomic conditions
, 205

staggered trenches for
, 201

Technical efficiency change (TEC)
, 6, 262–269, 274

Technical inefficiency function
, 266

Technological progress (TP)
, 6, 262–275

towards fuel efficiency, impact of
, 119

TFP
, 314

Thermal power plants
, 221

Time dummies (TD)
, 347

Time-series econometric methods
, 174

Time-series econometric tests to assess nature of variables
, 318–320

Total factor productivity growth (TFPG)
, 2, 157, 262

data and variables
, 266–267

empirical results
, 267–275

measurement of TFPG from trans-log production function
, 161–162

method for measuring
, 316–317

methodologies
, 264–267

Trade globalisation (TRDG)
, 174

Trade policies
, 55

Trans-log form
, 316

Trans-log production function, measurement of TFPG from
, 161–162

Trend of major vehicular emission
, 336–337

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
, 42, 293–294

Unified growth theory
, 251

Unit root test
, 98, 318–319

United Nations (UN)
, 292

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
, 219

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
, 254

United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)
, 44

Unorganised industries
, 354

Unorganised Manufacturing Enterprises (UME)
, 7, 344

analysis of CO2 emission
, 345

Urban air pollution
, 334

Urban Environmental Sustainability

city development plans in India
, 294–297

evaluation of SCM
, 297–306

holistic framework
, 306–310

Urban infrastructure development
, 293

Urban Population
, 99

Urbanisation (UPOP)
, 108

in South Asian
, 129

Value chain
, 15, 18–19

Variables
, 320

definition of
, 98–100

description of dependent and independent variables and Asian economies surveyed
, 99

Variance inflationary factor (VIF)
, 148

Vector Error Correction Model (VECM)
, 4

estimation test
, 134–135

Vehicles
, 332–333

pollution
, 126

Vehicular emission
, 334

trend of major
, 336–337

Vehicular pollutants, status of
, 339–340

Vehicular pollution
, 335

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
, 280

Wald test 134–135

Waste CO2
, 12

Waste generation
, 293

Water resources

impacts of climate change on Jordan
, 81–82

political and economic aspects of Jordan’s water resources
, 82–84

preventing environmental degradation and solving water scarcity problem of Jordan to sustain industrial and economic growth
, 84–85

Water scarcity problem of Jordan to sustain industrial and economic growth, preventing
, 84–85

Water sector
, 83

Water security
, 201

Water supply
, 83

Water–energy–food nexus
, 208

West Bengal pollution control board
, 332

Wholesale Price Index (WPI)
, 346

Willingness to pay
, 143

Within-dimension test
, 134

World Bank (WB)
, 46

World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED)
, 41

World Health Organization (WHO)
, 46, 185

Wu Housman specification test
, 220

Prelims
Introduction
Section I: Theoretical Perspectives
Chapter 1: Carbon Capturing Smart Construction Industry Model to Foster Green and Sustainable Total Factor Productivity Growth of Industries
Chapter 2: Trade-Off Between Environmental Emission and Consumption and Some Related Issues: An Optimal Growth-Theoretic Analysis
Chapter 3: Politics, Development and Environment: Question of Sustainability
Chapter 4: Environmental Emission, Green Technology and International Trade
Chapter 5: The Role of Nuclear Energy to Reduce Carbon Emission
Chapter 6: Politic, Economic and Environmental Dimensions of Water Resources: The Jordan Perspective
Section II: Empirical Perspectives
Chapter 7: The Influence of Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Industrialisation and Corruption on Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Evidence from Selected Asian Economies
Chapter 8: Economics of Environmental Emission: A Theoretical Appraisal on Solovian Line and an Empirical Overhaul
Chapter 9: Long-run and Short-run Linkages Between Efficiency of Energy Use in National Output and Carbon Emission: Analysis for the Panel of South Asian Nations
Chapter 10: People’s Awareness on Improvement in Environmental Quality in the Industrial Belts of West Bengal: An Assessment Through Contingent Valuation Method
Chapter 11: A Time Series Analysis of Productivity Growth and Environmental Emission in Indian Pharmaceutical Industry
Chapter 12: Globalisation and Carbon Emission: Lessons from the Developing Economies
Chapter 13: Does Air Pollution Affect Labour Productivity in Indian Manufacturing? Evidence from State-level Data
Chapter 14: Promoting Climate-Smart Agriculture in India: Emerging Pathways for Growth and Sustainability
Chapter 15: Impact of Environmental Regulations on Inward FDI in Emerging Countries: A Static Panel Data Approach
Chapter 16: Economic, Environmental and Social: Three Components to Measure the Perception of Sustainable Development
Chapter 17: Impact of Pollution and Economic Growth on the Maldives and Bangladesh: Interrogative Economic Development and Environmental Governance
Chapter 18: Measuring TFPG and Its Components Using Frontier Approaches: A Study of 4-Digit Manufacturing Industries of Chemical and Chemical Products in India
Chapter 19: The Implication of Pollution Control Acts & Protocols and COVID-19 on Air Quality: A Case Study of Mumbai, India
Chapter 20: Smart City Mission and Urban Environmental Sustainability in India
Chapter 21: Energy Intensity, Capacity Utilisation and Total Factor Productivity Growth of Indian Iron and Steel Industry: A Cost Function Approach: 1980–1981 to 2016–2017
Chapter 22: A Joyless City: Long-Run Trend of Air Pollution Levels of Kolkata, India
Chapter 23: Emission Intensity of Indian Unorganised Manufacturing Enterprises: Effect of Firm Characteristics and Capital Intensity
Index