Action teams

, 429–442

See also workgroups,

future research

, 437–439

organizational climate

, 431

organizational culture

, 431

staying on task

, 433–435

team dynamics

, 432–433

team training

, 431–432

troubleshooting

, 436–437

Bona fide group perspective

, 9–11, 18, 26, 34–35, 50, 66, 77, 79, 81, 85

Bounded rationality perspective

, 547–555

analysis of environment

, 551–552

methods

, 545–558

representative design

, 552–554

Children and teens, research on

, 565–566

Communication, central to group processes

, 15

Communicating knowledge

, 303–321

Communication doctoral programs

, 560–562

Conflict

, 245–259

communicating across differences

, 264–265

democratic social relationships

, 264

during group development

, 246–247

instrumental view

, 247–248

facilitation

, 266–267

future research

, 253–254, 268–269

political view

, 249

resolution

, 249–250

use of third party

, 252–253

of virtual conflict

, 251–252

Contextual study of group

communication

, 10–12, 29, 34–35

implications of context

, 41–42

internal group context

, 36–38

external group culture

, 38–39

group types

, 40

theoretical framework as context

, 40–41

Digital group communication

, 12

Decision making

, 52, 535, 537, 541, 546, 548–549, 551, 553 559, 566

Decision making techniques and technologies

, 209–228

development of

, 210–212

future directions

, 220–223

history of

, 212–214

model driving tradition

, 215–218

task-oriented tradition

, 213–214

theories

, 218–220

Deliberation

, 261–274

communicating across differences

, 264–265

decision making

, 263–264

democratic social relationships

, 264

facilitation processes

, 266–267

future research

, 268–269

history

, 263–267

problem analysis

, 263–264

theories

, 263–267

Digital technology

, 566–567

Discourse tracing

, 85

Diversity

, 165, 250, 253, 266, 316, 342, 345, 391–405, 437–439, 456, 465, 567

critique of literature

, 396–399

future research

, 399–401

history

, 392–394

theoretical approaches

, 394–396

Emergency team communication

, 493–503

bona fide groups

, 496–497

debriefing

, 500–501

defining emergency teams

, 494–495

historical significance

, 495–496

sensemaking

, 498–499

team stress and communication

, 497–498

Ethnography

, 19, 79–80, 312, 522

Foundations, group communication research

, 7–24

Future research areas

, 12–15, 53, 99–103, 165, 220–223, 240–241, 250, 253–254, 266, 268–269, 315–316, 331–333, 342, 345, 347–350, 366–367, 383–385, 391–405, 418–420, 437–439, 453, 456, 465, 468–469, 484–485, 527–528, 567, 565–567

Group communication theory

, 339–355

Group composition

, 341–343

approaches

, 341–343

group communication as a cause

, 345

group communication as a process

, 343

group composition as a consequence

, 2, 15–16

Group communication, field of study

, 47–53, 347–348

future directions

, 347–348

digital environment

, 348

technology as a group member

, 348–349

temporality of group composition

, 349

communication-centered approach

, 349–350

diversity in research methodology

, 345–346

team member fluidity

, 137–154

Group communication patterns

, 560–562

Group communication scholars

, 47–54

Group communication theory

, 346–347

role emergence

, 340–341

history

, 25

Group composition

, 340–341

history

, 341–347

a communicative perspective

, 341–342

as a cause

, 343

as a consequence

, 345

as a process

, 343–344

cognitive factors

, 364–365

comparing relational events with computational models

, 347–350

future research

, 362–363

relational event framework

, 344–345

relational factors

, 346–347

role emergence and development

, 345–356

team member fluidity

, 37–38

Group culture

, 261–274

Group, definition

, 262–263

history of

, 57

minimum level of analysis

, 263–264

problem analysis, decision making

, 263–267

theories of

, 339–355

Group deliberation

, 263–264

decision making

, 264

democratic social relationship

, 262–263

history

, 263–264

problem analysis

, 263–267

theories of

, 27, 289–290, 292, 294, 430, 431

Group goal

, 26, 349, 361, 519–521, 523–528

Group, identity

, 26, 28

Group membership, see group composition

Group networks

, 49, 91–110, 357–371

defining

, 358–359

interaction networks

, 359–360

relational dynamics

, 361–362

temporal dynamics

, 360–361

theory

, 360–362

neuroimaging

, 165–166

normative speakers

, 165

Group structure

, 162–163

Group or team label

, 28–29

Groupthink

, 233–235

Groups and technology, study of

, 373–390

declining trends

, 382–383

future research

, 383–385

keywords

, 374–375

machines as teammates

, 385

research on technology and groups

, 374–383

rising trends

, 383

technology trends

, 380–381

Healthcare teams

, 475–492, 566

Hidden groups

, 519–530

background

, 520–522

future research

, 527–528

group-level invisbility

, 523–524

invisibility

, 524–527

methodology

, 522

multilevel framework

, 522–523

Hidden profile paradigm

, 14, 304–308, 314

Identity, group communication scholars

, 560–562

Information sharing

, 12–14, 304–308

comparison of research streams

, 314–315

future research

, 315–316

transactive memory

, 308–311

performative view of expertise

, 311–314

Interaction analysis

, 18

Interdependence among members

, 26–27, 34–35

Interdisciplinary Network for Group Research (INGRoup)

, 564–565

Interdisciplinary, role in

, 16–17

Interdisciplinary scholarship

, 564–567

International scholarship

, 564–565

Juries

, 443–460

conflict

, 447–448

communicative events

, 455–456

deliberative communication

, 445–446

future research

, 449–450

gaining access

, 454

misconduct

, 448–449

new directions

, 453

pandemic juries

, 454–455

pre-deliberation

, 445

theoretical lenses

, 450–453

Knowledge, communicating

, 303–304

information sharing, hidden profile

, 304–308

transactive memory

, 308–311

performative view

, 311–314

comparative findings

, 314–315

future research

, 315–316

Latent class analysis

, 68–69

Latent contextual analysis

, 67–68

Leadership

, 50–51, 171–190

behavioral style

, 173

communication

, 174–175

contingency

, 173–174

definition

, 171

emergent approach

, 181–182

functional approach

, 175

history of leadership approaches

, 172–174

leader-follower approach

, 182–183

processes

, 172, 174–175

trait processes

, 172–173

Medical teams

, 475–492

future research

, 484–485

psychological safety

, 479–481

simulation training

, 481–484

theory

, 476–479

systems theory

, 476, 479

Multicommunicating in teams

, 407–425

demographic differences

, 417

future research

, 418–420

invisible whispering

, 414–415

job roles

, 417–418

multi-communicating definition

, 408–409, 410–412

multitasking compared to multicommunication

, 410

outcomes of multi-communicating

, 415–416

polychronicity

, 417

reasons for multi-communicating

, 412–413

relevant tasks

, 418

scale development

, 415

Multilevel modeling

, 18

Multilevel latent variable models

, 57–74

Multilevel structural equation models (MSEM)

, 57–67

Networks

, 91–110, 357–360

defining networks

, 358–359

future research

, 366–367

interaction networks

, 359–360

structure

, 358–360

theoretical perspectives

, 360–362

temporal dynamics

, 360–361

integrating time and structure

, 361–362

comparing network methodologies

, 364–365

Online support groups

, 461–474

communication processes

, 466–467

future research

, 468–469

health outcomes

, 467–468

motivation to participate

, 462–463

theoretical perspectives

, 453–465

optimal matching model

, 464

research critique

, 468–469

strength of weak ties

, 464–465

supportive messages

, 465–466

therapeutic self-disclosure

, 465

Participant pools

, 563–564

Pedagogy

, 8

Persuasion, See social influence

Practice approach

, 533–544

use in Communication scholarship

, 535–536

framing practices

, 537–538

information giving as a practice

, 538–541

naming practices

, 537–538

practitioner literature

, 536–537

results

, 538

studying practices

, 535–536

Problem solving

, 52

Processul communication network

, 49

Qualitative methods

, 18, 75–90

analytic metyhods

, 82–84

best practices

, 80–81

coding software programs

, 85

data collection methods

, 79–80

future approaches

, 84–85

ethnographic and observational

, 79–80

focus groups

, 81

grounded theory

, 84–85

holistic approaches

, 79–70

interviewing

, 82

challenges, best practices

, 82

qualitative content analysis

, 84

qualitative network anlaysis

, 85

Quantitative methods

, 57–74

multilevel latent variable models

, 57–74

multi-level structural equation modeling

, 59–64

conceptual issues

, 59–66

latent class analysis

, 68–69

latent contextual analysis

, 67–68

statistical issues

, 66–67

Relational event framework

, 362–364

comparision with other methodologies

, 363–366

Relationships, group member

, 289–392

assumptions

, 297–298

development

, 292–298

future research

, 298–299

initiating

, 294–295

integrating

, 295–296

interconnecting

, 296–298

investigating

, 293–294

history

, 290–291

relational outcomes

, 291–292

Research funding

, 562–563

Research methods

, 18–19

Research space

, 562–563

Research technology

, 563

Research tradition

, 8–12

Shared mental models

, 161–162

Structuration

, 163–164

Social influence

, 275–287

applications

, 283–284

choice dilemmas

, 276–277

consistency

, 280

future research

, 284

influence messages

, 281–283

informational messsages

, 280, 282–283

informative influence

, 276, 277–278

linear discrepancy model

, 278

normative influence

, 276, 277, 280–281

normative messages

, 282

persuasive arguments theory

, 277

sources of influence

, 278–281

majority influence

, 279–280

minority influence

, 280–281

informational influence

, 280

Social network approach

, 92

future research

, 99–103

team functioning

, 95–97

history

, 92–95

Sports teams

, 505–518

cohesion

, 511

culture

, 510–511

goal setting

, 509

knowledge sharing

, 507–508

motivation

, 509–510

physical and mental coordination

, 507

role clarity

, 508–509

teamwork and coaching

, 506–507

uniqueness

, 511–512

Structural communication network

, 49

Support groups, online

, 461–474

communication processes

, 466–467

future directions

, 468–469

health outcomes

, 467–468

motivations to participate

, 462–463

theoretical perspectives

, 463–467

optimal matching model

, 463–464

strengths of weak ties theory

, 464–465

therapeutic self-disclosure/expressive writing paradigm

, 465

social support messages

, 465–466

Task oriented groups

, 429–442

Teams,

See also action groups,

See also work groups,

Team science

, 565

Team training

, 431–432

Teamwork

, 49–50

Technology, interdisciplinary

, 17–18

Technology, for research

, 563

Theoretical frames

, 76–78

Theory, group communication

, 47–54

group participation

, 48

Time and temporality

, 323–336

future research

, 331–333

history

, 324–326

theories/concepts

, 327–331

activity coordination

, 328

meso-level model of organizational temporality

, 329–330

practice thoery

, 327–328

punctuated equilibrium

, 330–331

social entrainment

, 327

temporal structuring

, 329

Trajectory analysis

, 142–148

future research

, 148–149

theories of group learning

, 149–150

team phases

, 151

Transactive memory systems

, 14–15, 38, 304–311

Virtual team communication

, 12

Work groups/teams

, 229–244

bullying

, 235–236

compared to work groups

, 229–230

communication

, 232

definition

, 230–231

evaluation of

, 236–238

satisfaction

, 236

group continuity

, 236–237

future research

, 240–241

groupthink

, 233–235

meetings

, 231–232

meeting effectiveness

, 238–239

primary and secondary provokers

, 232–233

processes

, 231

relational processes

, 239–240

See also Action teams

, 429–442