Prelims

Half Title

International Perspectives on Democratization and Peace

Title Page

International Perspectives on Democratization and Peace

Edited by

N. Ganesan

Hiroshima Peace Institute

Hiroshima City University

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

Copyright Page

Emerald Publishing Limited

Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, UK

First edition 2020

Copyright © 2020 Emerald Publishing Limited

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ISBN: 978-1-80043-068-6 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-80043-067-9 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-80043-069-3 (Epub)

Contents

List of Figure

List of Tables

Notes on Contributors

Margarita Cuervo Iglesias is currently a PhD Student at the Bundeswehr Universität München where she researches the relation between civil-military relations and security sector reform. She is a Member of the doctoral program for Security and Development of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation – KAS – where she has worked as Research Assistant in the Department for Latin America, and Project Manager for Colombia. She holds an MA in Development Studies from Los Andes University, Colombia. Her research focuses on Peacebuilding, Security and Conflict Resolution.

Mónica Dias is the Head of the PhD Program at the Instituto de Estudos Políticos of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP) where she teaches since 1992. She holds a PhD in Political Science and International Relations from the IEP-UCP (on Woodrow Wilson’s concept of peace) and works currently in the field of Democracy Studies, Peace Studies and International Conflict as a Professor and a Senior Researcher. In her MA thesis, developed in the field of Cultural Studies at the Humanities Faculty, University of Lisbon, she discussed the concept of utopianism in Western political thought. Besides her academic experience, which includes lecturing at the University of Cologne, Germany, and participating in the Summer Institute sponsored by the United States Information Agency (FLAD), she translated several books and was a lecturer at international youth seminars on multi-cultural Education, Leadership and Conflict Management organised by the European Commission. From 1996 to 2000, she worked at the Portuguese Parliament as consultant for the Committee on Education, Science and Culture at the IEP.

Raquel Duque, PhD, is an Assistant Lecturer at the Institute for Political Studies (Catholic University of Portugal, IEP-UCP) and at the Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security. She holds a PhD in Political Science and International Relations – Security and Defence (IEP-UCP), MA in International Security and Terrorism (University of Nottingham), and a BA in Political Science and International Relations (Nova University of Lisbon). She was a Visiting Graduate Student at St Antony’s College, University of Oxford. She is a Researcher at ICPOL, CIEP, and CAPP. She is also an Auditor on both National Defence and Civil Management of Crises. She has been an adviser to the Portuguese Minister of Foreign Affairs since February 2019 to the present.

N. Ganesan is Professor of Southeast Asian politics at the Hiroshima Peace Institute in Japan where he has been since 2004. Prior to his current appointment, he served as a Senior Lecturer in political science and Southeast Asian Studies at the National University of Singapore. His teaching, research, and publication interests are in sources of interstate and intrastate tensions and conflict in Southeast Asia. Major recent edited works include State Violence in East Asia (with Sung Chull Kim, 2013), Conjunctures and Continuities in Southeast Asian Politics (2013) and Bilateral Legacies in East and Southeast Asia (2015).

Robert Jacobs is a Historian of nuclear technologies and radiation technopolitics. He is a Professor at the Hiroshima Peace Institute and Graduate School of Peace Studies of Hiroshima City University. He has published widely, his books include: The Dragon’s Tail: Americans Face the Atomic Age (2010), Filling the Hole in the Nuclear Future: Art and Popular Culture Respond to the Bomb (2010), Images of Rupture in Civilization Between East and West: The Iconography of Auschwitz and Hiroshima in Eastern European Arts and Media (2016), and Reimagining Hiroshima and Nagasaki: Nuclear Humanities in the Post-Cold War (2017). He has conducted extensive fieldwork on the human and social impacts of nuclear technologies and radiation exposures.

Gen Kikkawa, PhD, is a Professor at the Hiroshima Peace Institute where he has been since 2013. Prior to his current appointment, he served as a Professor at Sophia University in Tokyo, and the Graduate Law School at Kobe University in Kobe, Japan. His research interests are in international security issues and peace studies. He has been working on CSCE/OSCE and its idea of a security community. He is currently working on East Asian international relations and the security architecture of East Asia. He has published widely and his books include: The Collapse of the Soviet Bloc (in Japanese,1992), CSCE: Internationalization of Human Rights and Development of Democratic Assistance (in Japanese, 1994), After Self-determination: The Development of International Security Thesis over National Minority (in Japanese, 2009), What Is International Peace? (in Japanese, 2015).

António L. Fontes Ramos, retired Lieutenant-General, is a Guest Professor at the Political Studies Institute of the Portuguese Catholic University (Domestic Conflicts Chair) and at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of the Mozambique Catholic University (Conflict Resolution Chair). He is the Vice-President of Eurodefense Portugal and a Member of the Military Sciences Section of the Geography Society of Lisbon. His operational and crises management experiences involve activities in Mozambique (1968/1970), Timor-Dili (1974/1975), and Angola (1991/1992) where he was the Chief of Staff of the Portuguese Mission to implement the Bicesse Peace Agreements and an Adviser for the formation of the integrated Armed Forces of Angola. He was the Portuguese Military Representative at the NATO and the EU Military Committees (1999/2003) where he took part in the collective management of the 11th of September, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia and Iraqi crises.

José Carlos Sanabria Arias is the Coordinator of the Socio-political Research Department of the Research and Social Studies Association (ASIES). He has an MA in Management and Public Policy (Universidad de Chile) and a University Degree in Political Science (Rafael Landívar University). He was a Fulbright Scholar of the Organization of American States (OAS) and has held Professorships in many universities in Guatemala. He is a regular columnist and researcher on issues related to elections, democracy, political participation, peace, and public policy.

Makiko Takemoto is an Associate Professor at Hiroshima Peace Institute of Hiroshima City University. She studied history and politics at Senshu University in Japan and Carl von Ossietzky University at Oldenburg, in Germany. She specializes in the history of peace movements and pacifism in the twentieth century. Her recent publications includes Doitsu no heiwa shugi to heiwa undo – waimar kyowakokuki kara 1980 nendai made [German Pacifism and Peace Movements: From the Weimar Republic to 1980s], Kyoto: Horitsu Bunka Sha, 2017.

Raul Tati, Angolan citizen, has a PhD in Moral Theology from the Alfonsianum Academy in Rome. He was a Visiting Lecturer at the Catholic University of Angola (2000–2003). He also teaches African History at ISCED (Instituto Superior de Ciências de Educação) and Internacional Relations at Lusiada Institute of Cabinda (Angola). He recently obtained a PhD in Political Science and International Relations at IEP (Instituto de Estudos Políticos) in Lisbon and is a Deputy Member of the Angolan Parliament. He has published the following books: (1) Crise Africana e Processo de Democratização em África (1999); (2) Cabinda - Percurso Histórico de uma Igreja entre Deus e César (2014); (3) (Co-author) Corrupção, Democracia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável em Angola (2014); (4) Cabinda- Órfã da Descolonização do Ultramar Português (2017); (5) A Construção do Estado Pós-colonial em África e o Desafio do Renascimento Africano, in Estratégia, Vol. XXVII, 2018.

Acknowledgments

The collection of chapters contained in this book draw from an international workshop on Democratization and Peace held at the Catholic University of Portugal in Lisbon in December 2018. While not all the papers presented are included in this volume, some effort has been made to ensure that the entire project coheres theoretically and in terms of geographical representation. The fundamental puzzle addressed in this volume is what is the impact of the process of democratization on civil conflicts?

The workshop and the chapters presented drew on the efforts of academics from the Hiroshima Peace Institute in Japan and the Institute for Political Studies at the Catholic University. The workshop was facilitated by Professor Joao Carlos Espada, the founding Director of the Institute and a distinguished scholar in his own right. The workshop also benefitted from the assistance provided by Monica Dias who attended to the paper writers from Lisbon. On the Japanese side, the team was financially supported by a peace project research grant provided by the Institute and the Hiroshima City University. Makiko Takemoto was the project leader and chapter contributor on Cambodia in this book.

At the broader level, the workshop was supported by a generous grant from the German Konrad Adenauer Stiftung and its Madrid office manager Dr Wilhelm Hofmeister. The Stiftung has been a generous supporter of projects that address important political issues, and we are deeply thankful for this and other support that has been forthcoming for more than two decades in various parts of Asia and Europe now.

Lastly, we would like to thank the administrative and support staff at the Institute for Political Studies in Lisbon as well as the assistance provided by Nick Wolterman from the Emerald Publishing Group. The Hiroshima Peace Institute has an ongoing Memorandum of Understanding with the Institute for Political Studies that hosted the meeting. We are especially thankful to Nick Wolterman for his early and sustained interest in the chapters and providing us the opportunity to publicize the work to a broader audience.