Index
ISBN: 978-1-78973-900-8, eISBN: 978-1-78973-899-5
Publication date: 29 July 2019
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
Moye, J.N. (2019), "Index", A Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence Approach to Institutional Effectiveness in Higher Education, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 215-232. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-899-520191012
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2019, John N. Moye.
INDEX
Note: Page numbers followed by “n” with numbers indicate notes.
Ability/abilities
, 1, 6, 10–11, 31–32
instructional support services
, 105
to persist
, 153, 157
Academic success center
component assessment
, 121
service assessment
, 120
Academic years (AYx)
, 146, 175, 178
Accreditation
, 71, 111
Acculturalization
, 4
Achieve/achievable/achievement
, 16–17, 31, 63, 78, 80, 97, 142, 155
Acquisition
, 150
Act
, 164
Action planning process
, 171–172, 189–191
Activities
, 4, 17, 79, 102
Actual functional performance
, 135, 140
Acyclical data
, 192
in ML
, 7
Adapted/adaptable/adaptability
, 2, 7
Advocacy
, 109, 124
Aggregated/aggregate(s)/aggregating/aggregation(s)
, 2–3, 7, 10–11, 26, 29, 36, 39–41, 52–53, 62, 73, 75, 77, 87, 90, 96–98, 113, 115, 119, 121, 126, 129, 131, 133–134, 158, 161, 192
correlation matrix
, 136
functional data into causal triads
, 135
KPIs clusters based on strength of correlation
, 137–138
Agile
, 51
Agility
, 43
Aktas, E.
, 135
Al-Anzi, K. S.
, 24
Alaee, F. F.
, 33
Alan, B.
, 17, 140, 150, 156, 172
Aldge, J. M.
, 77
Alfirević;, N.
, 143, 155
Algorithms
, 6
as measurement strategies
, 7
select and frame performance of interactions
, 192
Ali, L.
, 31
Alibali, M. W.
, 4, 13, 115
Align
, 15, 18
Alignment
, 10, 18, 33, 39, 64, 147
Allen, J.
, 77
Allmer, J.
, 219
Alpaydin, E.
, 6
Alston, G. L.
, 36
Alt, D. d.
, 36, 57
Altaf, A.
, 11, 164
Amabile, T. M.
, 3–4
Amalgamation
, 4
American Libraries Association
, 107
Americans with Disabilities Act
, 21, 108
Amin N.
, 23
Aminbeidokhti, A.
, 139
Ammirato, S.
, 164
Analysis/analyses
, 3, 11–12, 39
Analytic(s)
, 6, 173
Anchors
, 43
Angelides, P.
, 171
Anohina-Naumeca, A.
, 25
Antony, J. S.
, 133, 140, 164
Applied
, 7, 64, 144, 157, 177
Appreciate
, 46–47, 58–59
Aptitudes
, 25, 28
Aranha, C. N.
, 17
Armon, B. K.
, 32
Articulate(d)
, 1–3, 10, 15–18, 20–21, 32–33, 36, 52, 78, 99, 108, 129, 140, 144, 154, 156, 178, 181, 189
Artifact
, 83–87
Artificial intelligence (AI)
, 6, 8–9, 190
visualizations
, 193
Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
, 9, 193
Ashour, A.
, 142
Aspirational/aspirations
, 15–16
Assess/assessing/assessment
, 1–3, 6, 11, 22, 31, 39, 41, 113, 115, 119, 126, 144, 146, 190
authentic application
, 154
career services service
, 127–128
through competing-values approach
, 156, 158, 160–161
competing-values
, 22
component level
, 115
counseling services service
, 125–126
course components
, 90–98
disabilities services component
, 124
disabilities services service
, 123–124
experiential learning
, 115–119
global student services
, 126, 129–131
identification and articulation of KPIs for institution
, 151–153
institutional effectiveness
, 173
process
, 21–22
through strategic constituency approach
, 155–156, 159
through strategic contingencies approach
, 154–155, 158
through systems approach
, 146, 150
trending report of sensemaking data for institution
, 157
Association learning
, 8, 192
Attainment
, 142
Attract stakeholders
, 150–151
Attributes
, 4–9, 11–12, 16, 31–33, 36, 38, 40, 42, 51, 55, 62, 64, 78, 111, 155, 158, 171
Authentic(ity)
, 1, 5, 15, 22, 42, 173, 193
Authentic data
, 5, 190
measure performance of functional systems
, 133
in ML
, 7
models
, 161
Averages (Avg)
GPA of withdrawing students
, 177
length of time to complete program
, 178
program GPA of graduates
, 177
time to withdraw from program
, 177
Badawy, M.
, 3
Badia, A.
, 2
Baetz, M. C.
, 10, 15
Baldasare, A.
, 102
Baldwin, W. G.
, 36
Balint, A. O.
, 173
Banta, T. W.
, 22
Barnett, R.
, 32
Bart, C. K.
, 10, 15
Bauer
, 102
Bazeley, P.
, 6, 164
Bedeian, A. G.
, 6
Beehr, T. A.
, 101
Beemer, J.
, 134
Behavioral/behavior(s)
, 17, 48, 60, 79, 161
Beliefs
, 17
Bell, L. M.
, 77
Benbow, R. J.
, 23
Bennis, W. G.
, 171
Bhatt, C.
, 142
Bidermann, P. W.
, 171
Binswanger, J.
, 4, 11, 13, 115
Birnbaum, H. G.
, 143
Birri, T.
, 51
Bishop, C.
, 199
Blackmore, P.
, 33
Blair, E.
, 80
Blanchard, N.
, 36
Blignaut, R.
, 172
Bloom, B. S.
, 196
Bloom’s
, 51
Blouch, W. E.
, 33
Bock, D. E.
, 36
Boden, M. A.
, 8
Bontis, N.
, 10
Borges, M. N.
, 36
Bortree
, 164
Borysowich
, 172
Bowling, N. A.
, 101
Bowman-Bowen, L. C.
, 18
Boyle, A.
, 164
Bozeman, B.
, 64
Brandon, A. F.
, 57
Breazeale, D.
, 164
Breckenridge, R. S.
, 6
Brigman, S. L.
, 119
Broemmel, A. D.
, 33, 36
Brown, J. S.
, 164
Brown, J. T.
, 140
Burger, S. V.
, 6
Cabral, A. P.
, 190
Camelia, G.
, 2
Cameron, K. S.
, 9, 11, 134
Capabilities
, 16
Capacity
, 73
Career
, 72, 111
Career services
component assessment
, 128
service assessment
, 127–128
Carey, J. O.
, 180
Carey, L.
, 180
Carini, R. M.
, 78
Casarejos, F.
, 145
Categorical
average
, 33, 38, 53, 55, 62, 148
counts
, 33, 38–42, 50, 55, 62, 96, 119
Category/categories/categorized/categorization
, 13, 21–22, 26, 29, 42–43, 62, 73, 77, 79, 90, 99, 115, 140, 142, 150, 161
Causal
, 4, 9, 133, 142, 174, 181
Causality
, 8–9, 181
Causation
, 6
Causative
, 180
Centralized career services
, 126
Certifying
, 176–177
Chada, D. M.
, 17
Chambers, C. R.
, 64, 99, 101
Chan, V.
, 3
Change strategy
, 140, 172, 190–191
Channels
, 140
Characterized/characteristic(s)
, 4, 64
Charteris-Black, J.
, 6
Chernoded, A.
, 201
Chianese, G.
, 8
Chidambaranathan, K.
, 156
Chong, S. S.
, 101
Christakis, M. N.
, 102
Christiansen, B.
, 164
Class size
, 187–188
Classification process
, 7, 192
Clifton, R. A.
, 36
Climate
, 17
Cline, T. R.
, 133
Clinical practice
, 46, 57
Clouder, D. L.
, 77
Clues
, 4, 9–10, 161, 188
Clustered/cluster(s)
, 10–11, 15, 135, 155, 174, 178, 181, 186, 190
Clustering
, 4
analysis
, 174
procedure method
, 135
process
, 139
Coate, K.
, 32
Coates, H.
, 154
Codified
, 2, 12
Coefficient
, 14, 134, 174
Coertjens, L.
, 23
Cognitive
dissonance
, 156
styles
, 78, 90, 115, 119
Cohen, J.
, 12–13
Coherence
, 33, 139, 147
Coherent
experience
, 179
learning experience
, 33
system
, 10
Colapinto, C.
, 164
Collaborate/collaborative/collaboration
, 4, 16, 81, 164, 193
Collins, L.
, 15
Colvin, J. B.
, 9
Community
, 11, 15, 17, 20, 102
Community learning
, 101–102, 152, 157
Competence
, 53
Competency
, 51–52
Competing-values
approach
, 143–144, 156, 158, 160–161
assessment
, 22
Competitor(s)
, 71
Compiled/compile(s)/compiling
, 6, 15, 42, 83, 146, 155, 173–174
Completers
, 74
Completion percentage factor
, 180
Complexity/complexities
, 10, 33, 113, 135, 147
Compliance
, 38–40, 90, 146
Component level assessments
, 115
Components
, 4–5, 16, 18, 21, 77–78, 80, 83, 99, 110–111, 115, 119, 126, 129, 145, 193
Concept
, 16, 102
Conceptual frameworks
, 8, 10, 15–16, 32–33, 51, 63–64, 77, 98–99, 134, 144
Confidence
, 4
Confirm
, 3, 174, 179, 181, 189
Confirmatory
factor analyses
, 134
research
, 63
Confounding effect
, 172
Congruence
, 36, 64
Conlon, E. J.
, 155
Connectedness
, 42
Connolly, T.
, 155
Consequences
, 139, 161, 171–172, 190
Consistency
, 10, 32, 36, 148, 186
Consolidate
, 174
Constituency grouping
, 155
Constituent
, 7, 192
averages
, 155
groups
, 155
parts
, 164, 174
Constraint(s)
of effectiveness
, 181–190
of performance
, 135
Construct(s)
, 3–6, 8–9, 15, 18, 20–21, 33, 42, 51, 57, 62, 64, 71, 77, 79–80, 83, 99, 150, 174
Constructed
approach
, 10, 57
learning experience
, 33
Constructivist process
, 9–10
Consumer protection
, 25, 28
Content
, 5, 9–10, 15, 18, 32, 36, 51–52, 64, 77, 80, 83, 99, 107
Context
, 102, 187
Contingency
, 20–21, 26
Continuous qualities improvement
, 171, 173
data
, 174–178
drivers and constraints of effectiveness, sensemaking of
, 181–190
institutional effectiveness report, sensemaking of
, 178–181
machine learning loop
, 190–193
sensemaking
, 173–174
Convergent questions
, 101
Cook, W. D.
, 11, 134, 173
Correlate(s)/correlated/correlative
, 29, 42, 55, 62, 64, 72–73, 77, 87, 133, 135, 139, 180, 185–187
Correlating indicators
, 135
Correlation coefficients
, 134
Correlation matrix
, 135, 181, 192
indicators
, 136
for performance indicators
, 182–184
Spearman correlation matrixes
, 192
Counseling services
, 121
component assessment
, 126
service assessment
, 125
Courses
components assessment
, 90–98
components measurement
, 80–83
measurement
, 36–38
performance assessment
, 40–42
Covarying
, 135
Coverage
, 33, 147
Credibility
, 2, 5, 12, 20, 29
Credible
, 2–4, 9, 15, 21–22, 31, 42–43, 51, 73, 77, 80, 83, 98, 113, 133, 142, 173, 189, 190, 192–193
Cresswell, J. W.
, 9, 144
Criteria
, 32–33, 36, 39–42, 51–52, 64–65, 72, 79, 87, 142, 145–146
Criterion
, 33, 38, 41, 43, 51–52, 83, 87, 145–146
Critical
, 10–12, 16, 32–33, 71, 87, 99, 101, 111, 171, 173
Cross-functional
performance
, 134
process
, 180
Cultural(ly)/culture(s)
, 4, 11, 17, 19, 46, 48, 52, 60, 101
Cureton, D.
, 77
Curricula(r)/curriculum
, 31–32, 39–41, 146
assessment
, 39–40
curriculum–external validity
, 139
design
, 152
measurement
, 31–35
Curry, L.
, 32
Data modeling
, 133–134
institutional
, 140, 142–144
processes
, 6
Data set
, 8, 13, 39, 133–135, 164, 181
Dawis, D.
, 101
Dawson, S.
, 2–3, 11, 32, 77, 142
De Donder, P.
, 23
Deci, E. L.
, 150
Decision-making process
, 73, 164
Demir, E.
, 64
Demonstrate(s)/demonstrated/demonstrating/demonstration(s)
, 1, 3–6, 12, 15, 18, 22, 26, 33, 36, 38, 40–41, 43, 46–47, 53, 62–63, 73, 83, 87, 90, 99, 140, 142, 149, 154–155, 156, 174, 179, 181, 190
Depending
, 144, 187
Depends
, 29
Descriptive process
, 3, 62, 134
Deutsch, S. J.
, 155
Developmental
portfolio
, 83
students
, 180, 189
Dey, N.
, 142
Diagnosis
, 44
Diamond, R. M.
, 32, 36, 51
Dichotomous event
, 144
Dick, W.
, 180
Difference(s)
, 4, 9, 11–14, 154–155
Differentiation
, 41
Dimension(s)
, 32–33
reduction and modeling
, 8, 192
Dirks-Naylor, A. J.
, 36
Disability/disabilities
, 108
component assessment
, 124
service assessment
, 123–124
Disagreement
, 11, 13
Discipline(s)
, 32–33, 36, 38, 64, 78, 146
Discrete(ly)
, 8, 32, 42–43, 52, 71, 78, 105, 115, 143
Discriminate
, 13, 52
Dissonance
, 156
Distinct
, 22, 43, 77
Distinguishing characteristics
, 4–5
Distributed/distribution
, 36, 71–72, 78–79, 87, 140, 150
Divergent perspectives
, 4
Diverse/diversity
array of strategies
, 17
cognitive styles
, 78
constituencies
, 143
populations
, 2, 32, 105
of thinking
, 11–12
Domingos, P.
, 6–7, 192
Dougherty, K. J.
, 24
Douglas-Gabriel, D.
, 24
Doyle K. J.
, 143
Driver(s)
, 6, 13, 17, 19, 22, 31, 135, 142, 161, 164, 174, 181, 186–187, 192
Drouin, M.
, 4, 11
Dualistic thinking models
, 6, 144
Duda, R. O.
, 8
Dudko L.
, 201
Dumitrescu, D.
, 101
Dunne, D. D.
, 174
Duque, L. C.
, 155
Dutra, E. V.
, 11
Economic factors
, 20, 27, 162
Educational institutions
, 5–6, 16, 142, 161
Effect(s)
, 40, 101
size attribute
, 13
of system
, 9
Effectiveness
, 1
assessing
, 2
institutional assessment of
, 5–6
of institutional conceptual framework
, 15
of instructional system
, 83
systematic approach to
, 10–11
Efficacy
, 43, 80
Efficiency
, 36, 134, 142
Elahi, S.
, 64
Ellis, S. E.
, 99
Embed(s)/embedded/embedding
, 4, 12, 17, 21, 57
Emerge
, 4, 7–8, 129, 146, 164, 171, 174, 181, 186–187, 189
Emergent interrelationships
, 134
Emotional
, 28, 163
Empathy
, 44, 47, 85
Empirical models
, 101
Employ
, 2, 5–7
Employers
, 23, 27, 32, 162
Employment/profession factors
, 20, 27, 162
Engage(s)/engaged/engaging/engagement
, 2, 4, 11, 32–33, 73, 78–79, 87, 115, 144, 173, 181, 193
Engenders
, 12
Engineer(s)
, 31, 33
Enhance(s)/enhanced/enhancement(s)
, 8, 15, 32, 36, 41, 99, 102, 105, 111, 139, 146, 161, 164, 171, 190
Environmental/environment(s)
alignment
, 153
assessing
, 21
environmental data aggregation
, 27–28
institutional environmental data
, 23–25
measurement to support institutional definition
, 22
scanning
, 19–20
SWOT analysis
, 26, 29
Equivalent(ly)
, 13, 72, 87, 154, 179
Erichsen, E. A.
, 149
Error
, 2, 5, 9, 12–13
Esi, M. C.
, 10
Ethical
conduct
, 71
framework
, 17
standards
, 12
Evaluate(s)/evaluation process
, 3, 11, 49, 53, 60
Everyone
, 83
Evidence-based decision-making process
, 172
Ewell, P. T.
, 32, 36
Examination
, 43, 178, 187
Expectations
, 18–22, 32, 101–102, 189
Expected
, 17, 36, 39, 79, 139, 180, 188
Experience(s)
, 104, 119, 130
Experiential learning
, 115, (see also Program learning)
assessments
, 115–119
experiences
, 99
services
, 102–105
Explicit
, 189
Exploration
, 179
Exploratory factor analysis
, 134
External environment
, 156, 161
curriculum with expectations
, 32
at institutional level
, 64
measuring
, 19–21
Externally valid content
, 32, 147
Externship
, 102, 104–105, 115, 117, 131
Extracted/extraction
, 7, 21, 32, 171
Facilitate learning
, 36
Factored/factor
, 10, 20, 36, 72, 134
Faculty
, 83
Fadelelmoula, A. A.
, 24
Feasibility analysis
, 21, 64, 161
Feeney, M. K.
, 64
Fernandez, R.
, 25
Ferren, A. S.
, 32, 36
Fifolt, M.
, 15
Filho, H. Z.
, 11
Financial responsibility
, 71
Fink, J. E.
, 102
Finnveden, G.
, 139
First-order effect of functional changes
, 139
Fisher, J. A.
, 16
Fisk, P. C.
, 79
Fooladvand, M.
, 140, 171
Forero, D. E.
, 101
Formative assessment
, 52, 57
Fortuin, K. P. J.
, 33
Fosnacht, K.
, 5
Foster communication
, 100
Fourie-Malherbe, M.
, 4
Foxlee, N.
, 20
Frame
, 7
Framework
, 20
Franceschini, L.
, 161
Freeman, M.
, 64, 164
Freeman, S.
, 36, 64
Freeze, R.
, 36, 87
Frempong, G.
, 172
Frequency
, 78
Friedman, J. H.
, 6
Frota, M. N.
, 145
Frymier, A. B.
, 87
Fuller, M. B.
, 12, 21
Function
, 38, 42, 101–102
Functional data
, 5
institutional dashboard summarizing functional assessments
, 141
over time
, 140
Functional data modeling
, 133, (see also Institutional data modeling)
aggregating functional data into causal triads
, 135–138
conceptual underpinnings
, 144
exploratory factor analysis
, 134
first-, second-, and third-order effects of functional changes
, 139
functional data over time
, 140, 141
functional performance data
, 133
Functional educational systems
, 142
Functional KPIs
, 140
into data models
, 142
through goal-path approach
, 145
Functional models
, 11
Functional MVVs’ statements
, 18–19
Functional performance
, 113
coherent system of measurements and assessments
, 10
data
, 111, 133
multidimensional
, 9
quantify
, 2
Galliott, N. Y.
, 9
Gardner, H.
, 36
Garg, P.
, 11
Gavin, R. B.
, 23
General education (GE)
, 14, 185
avg length of time to withdraw
, 177
course completion %
, 177
course failure rate
, 177
course stud/inst ratio
, 177
Generalizability
, 12
Generalization
, 51
George, G.
, 6
Ghazinoory, S.
, 64
Gibson, C.
, 105
Gillies, R. M.
, 140
Glidden, R.
, 2
Global assessment
, 40, 111
Global student services assessment
, 126, 129–131
graduate assessment
, 129
graduate student support services institutional assessment
, 131
Goal
, 10, 38, 51
Goal-attainment approach
, 142
Goal-path approach
, 142, 144–145, 154
to assess effectiveness
, 146
to sensemaking
, 147–148
trending analysis using
, 149
Gochyyev, P.
, 102
Goldman, P.
, 206
Goldratt, E. M.
, 135
Goldratt, E.
, 135
Goldratt, R.
, 135
Gómez, A.
, 101
Gonyea, R. M.
, 78
Gonzaga, R. P.
, 11
Goodman, S. N.
, 174
Goodness of Fit (GoF)
, 64
analysis
, 64
tool
, 36
Gopnik, A
, 206
Grabowski, L.
, 143, 161
Graduate
assessment
, 129
GPA average
, 14, 185–186
student support services institutional assessment
, 131
Graham, L. J.
, 9
Grant, D.
, 17
Grebennikov, L.
, 80
Greenberg, P. E.
, 143
Griffin, K. A.
, 10
Grosemans, I.
, 23, 64
Grounded in identity construction
, 4
Group
, 36, 41
Guardrails
, 31
Guidelines
, 21, 48
Gullickson, T.
, 26
Gulosino, C. A.
, 161
Gurley, D. K.
, 15
Gurvitch, R.
, 33
Gustavson, L. M.
, 145
Haak, D.
, 64
Hajisoteriou, C.
, 171
Hanson, G. R.
, 119
Hargreaves, A.
, 164
Hargrove, R. A.
, 164
Harmon, J.
, 11, 139, 140, 164
Harper, V. B.
, 73
Harris, A.
, 164
Harrison, D. J.
, 64
Harrison, M. I.
, 1, 10–11, 15, 140
Hart, D.
, 149
Hart, P. E.
, 8
Hassanien, A. E.
, 142
Hastie, T.
, 6, 8, 192
Hayek, J. C.
, 78
Hearn, J. C.
, 24
Hefny, H.
, 3
Heikonen, L.
, 78
Heinze, T.
, 3
Henning, G.
, 114
Henson, A.
, 57
Herzo, S.
, 9
Hickson, D. J.
, 142
Hinings, C. R.
, 142
Hints (indicators)
, 4
Holbeche, L.
, 143
Holder, B.
, 31, 99, 101
Horst, J. A.
, 171
Hoseini, A. M.
, 139
Hoseini, S. H. K.
, 64
Hossam, S.
, 3
Houser, M.
, 87
Howard, H. A.
, 164, 171–172
Howard-Hamilton, M. F.
, 52
Howe, E.
, 5
Huet, I.
, 190
“Human dynamic adaptive” systems
, 10
Human information processing
limits
, 8
system
, 140
Hummel, M. L.
, 102
Hurst, K.
, 63
Hutchings, P.
, 87, 154
Hypothesis testing
, 12
Identification
, 71
in action-planning process
, 171
of KPIs
, 151
Idress, A. M.
, 3
IE system
, 7
Ikenberry, S. O.
, 87, 154
Imam, T.
, 33
Immediacy
, 32, 102
Implications
, 188
Implicit strategies
, 142
Implied “goodness or badness”
, 161
Imprecise/imprecision
, 2, 10
Incompetence
, 53
Inconsistent
, 2
Indicators
, 3, 174, 177
conceptualization and treatment of institutional data as
, 4
correlation matrix
, 136
curricular coherence and disabilities services
, 139
functional
, 174
single performance
, 6
Individual processes
, 133
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
, 21
Ineffective/ineffectiveness
, 1
Inferring/inferences/inferential method
, 3, 129
Infrastructure measurement
, 74
Iniesta-Bonillo, M. A.
, 25
Institutional data modeling
, 140, 142–144, (see also Functional data modeling)
action planning
, 171–172
competing-values approach
, 156, 158, 160–161–163
continuous qualities improvement
, 171
functional KPIs through goal-path approach
, 145
goal-path approach to assess effectiveness
, 146, 147–149
institutional effectiveness report
, 164–171
sensemaking of institutional effectiveness models
, 161
strategic constituency approach
, 155–156, 159
strategic contingencies approach
, 154–155, 158
systems approach
, 146, 150–154, 157
Institutional effectiveness
, 1–2, 193
approaches
, 140, 161, 171
assessment
, 173
report
, 164–171, 174–177
sensemaking
, 178–181
Institutional/institution
, 188, 193
assessment of effectiveness
, 5–6
competitive
, 71
conceptual framework
, 16
dashboard summarizing functional assessments
, 141
environmental scan
, 64, 156
functions
, 133
mission alignment measurement
, 65–67
mixed methods approach to institutional research
, 9–10
models
, 11
performance models
, 134, 142
sensemaking
, 3
values alignment measurement
, 68–70.
Instruction(al)
, 77
assessing learning engagement
, 87–90, 91–92
assessing learning experience
, 90–98
course components measurement
, 80–83
prior learning measurement
, 87
and learning support
, 99
measuring learning achievement
, 83–87
measuring learning engagement
, 78–80
measuring learning experience
, 80–83
support
, 115, 152
system
, 31, 77, 140, 180
vision statement
, 77–78
Instructor
, 78–80, 87, 90
Instruments
, 73, 77, 101
Integrate/integrated/integrating/integration
, 4, 36, 148, 172
Intellectual process of sensemaking
, 3–4
Intended functional performance
, 140
Intended performance
, 3, 115, 134, 174
Interconnected/interconnections/interconnectedness
, 7–9, 33
Intercultural services
, 101
Interdependencies/interdependent
, 3, 11, 142, 161
Internal data
, 192
in ML
, 7
Internship/externship experience
, 102
component assessment
, 119
measurement
, 104
services
, 115
Interrelationships
of courses
, 36
in functional performance data
, 134
between indicators
, 135, 174, 179
Ioannidis, J. A.
, 174
Irani, Z.
, 135
Islam, M. A.
, 36
Jackson, C.
, 143
Jackson, D.
, 23
James, M. R.
, 20–21
Jamshidi, L. l.
, 131
Jankowski, N. A.
, 87, 154
Job satisfaction models
, 101
Johnson, D. R.
, 20
Jones, K.
, 172
Jones, L.
, 161
Joseph
, 21
Junqueira, E.
, 11, 143
Kadir, S. A.
, 140
Kale, V.
, 9
Kalish, C. W.
, 4, 13, 115
Kalkan, Ö. K.
, 13
Kandiko, C.
, 33
Kandusi, C.
, 23
Kang, N.
, 171
Karousiou, C.
, 171
Kataria, A.
, 11, 171
Katz, N.
, 23
Kelecioglu, H.
, 13
Kennedy, J.
, 78
Kennedy-Phillips, L.
, 102
Key performance indicators (KPIs)
, 134, 145, 154, 174, 193
clusters
, 181, 190
functional KPIs through goal-path approach
, 145
making sense of assessment KPIs through systems approach
, 146, 150–154
of strongest correlations
, 184–185
Khezrimotlagh, D.
, 173
Kibria, B. M. G.
, 2
King, B. R.
, 64
Kinzie, J.
, 87, 154
Knowledge, skills, and values
, 153
Kooy, M.
, 102
Koppen, C. S. A.
, 33
Kowalski, D.
, 11
Kowalski, R.
, 11
Kremer, I.
, 13, 115, 156
Krishna, A.
, 9
Kroeger, A.
, 156, 164
Kucukaltan, B.
, 135
Kuh, G. D.
, 78, 87, 154
Kulkarni, D. K.
, 174
Kyndt, E.
, 23
Ladyshewsky, R.
, 146
Lahav, O.
, 23
Lapiņa, I.
, 23
Lavie, D.
, 6
Leader
, 4, 171
evaluation
, 164
institutional
, 154, 161, 181
Leadership
, 11, 21, 164
Leads
, 177
Learning.
, (see also Machine learning (ML))
environment
, 140
measuring learning achievement
, 83–87
outcomes
, 152
support services
, 105–106
Learning engagement
, 152
assessing
, 87–90, 91–92
measuring
, 78–80
Learning experience(s)
, 102, 152
assessing
, 90–98
measuring
, 80–83
Leber, R.
, 164
Lecca, H.
, 77
Lechman, E.
, 164
Ledder, G.
, 133
Lee, C. A.
, 142
Leemans, R.
, 33
Legal factors
, 28, 163
of institutional interaction
, 21
Levine, R. A.
, 134
Levy, M. A.
, 99, 101–102
Lewin, K.
, 26
Lewis, M.
, 36
Li, J.
, 171
Library
, 107, 125, 138, 170
component assessment
, 123
service assessment
, 122
Licensed/licensing
boards
, 32
counselors
, 109
Liela, E.
, 9
Life path transition
, 153
“Likert-type” scale
, 102
Limit/limits
, 4, 10, 17, 145
Linear
paradigm
, 156
values
, 8
Lingard, B.
, 156
Linhares, A.
, 17, 140, 150, 156, 172
Lunenburg, F. C.
, 11, 18
Luo, B. N.
, 143
Macfadyen, L. P.
, 2, 3, 11, 32, 77, 142
Machine learning (ML)
, 6
acyclical data
, 7
algorithms as measurement strategies
, 7
association learning
, 8
authentic data
, 7
classification
, 7
dimension reduction and modeling
, 8
internal data
, 7
outlier detection
, 8
statistical modeling
, 7–8
structured prediction
, 8
Machine learning loop
, 190
artificial neural network
, 193
systematic process
, 190–192
MacKay, D. J. C.
, 7–8, 192
Maiolini, R.
, 139
Major avg length of time to withdraw
, 177
Major course
completion %
, 177
failure %
, 177
major course–student/instructor ratio
, 177
Maloshonok, N.
, 99
Maluk Mohamed, M. A.
, 135
Management
, 45, 55, 61, 86
Manathynga, C. E.
, 140
Manifest
, 146
Marco, M.
, 11
Marcus, G. F.
, 211
Marius, P.
, 2
Marsh, C. J.
, 32, 36
Martin T. N.
, 171
Martinez-Mora, F.
, 23
Martinsson, J.
, 101
Mastery
, 43
Matherly, L. L.
, 23
Mathiassen, L.
, 143
Matriculate(d)/matriculations
, 177, 185
Matrix
, 134
McAdam, R.
, 143
McClure, K. R.
, 140
McDermott, I.
, 171
McLendon, M. K.
, 24
McNay, I.
, 209
McSorley, C.
, 143
Measurement(s)
, 2–3
Measures/measuring
, 1–3, 5–7, 10, 101, 143
Medler, D. A.
, 212
Meir, P.
, 204
Mejia, A.
, 101
Melnik Oleksandr, H.
, 25
Mena Report
, 33
Menard, S.
, 80
Mertler, C. A.
, 51
Metadata
, 11
Metaphors
, 17
Methodology
, 161
Metzler, M.
, 33
Meyer, P.
, 164
Michenzi, A. R.
, 33
Middaugh, M. F.
, 164, 171–172
Mihanović;, Z.
, 143
Mikelsone, E.
, 9
Miller, G. A.
, 17, 140, 150, 156, 172
Miller, K.
, 143
Mission, vision, and values (MVVs)
, 2, 6, 15–17, 134
assessing environment
, 21–29
creation
, 18
functional MVVs’ statements
, 18–19
measuring external environment
, 19–21
Mixed methods approach to institutional research
, 9–10
Mixson-Brookshire, D.
, 79
Mocanu, C.
, 23
Modality
, 71
Modes
, 78
Mokher, C. G.
, 24
Moon, K. K. L.
, 8
Moore, T. L.
, 102
Moran, K. A.
, 145
Morgan, G.
, 142, 164
Morrison, J. L.
, 19
Mouritsen, M. E.
, 2, 10, 15, 31
Mullally, C.
, 9
Multi-dimensional or phenomenological scale
, 161
Multiplistic thinking
, 144
Museus, S. D.
, 10
Myagkov, I.
, 201
Mylopoulos, J.
, 11
Nabak, M.
, 36
Nagarajan, V.
, 135
Nahyan, S. S. K.
, 23
Natow, R. S.
, 24
Naturalistic data
, 9
Neher, C.
, 143
Nellesen, D.
, 143
Neuroscience
, 140
Neutral response
, 22
Newton, J.
, 172
Ngai, E. W. T.
, 8
Nichols, C.
, 77
Nightingale, A. J.
, 16
Nolan, C.
, 23
Noldon, D. F.
, 99
Nominal scale
, 51
Nominative scale
, 42–43
Norvig, P.
, 8
Nosofsky, R.
, 17, 140, 150, 156, 172
Noumair, D. A.
, 139
Nuraan
, 23
O’Leary, L. S.
, 102
Oaks, D. J.
, 33, 87
Objectively/objectives
, 3, 5, 11, 22, 29, 79, 155
Observable/observed/observational/observations
, 3, 8–9, 16, 79, 87, 90
Observer
, 79
Observes
, 79
O’Connor
, 171
Oechslin, M.
, 4, 11, 13, 115
Office of Career Services or Placement
, 111
Oimet J. A.
, 210
“Open systems” model
, 20
Operational performance
, 142
Operationalize
, 16
Oprandi, P. R.
, 33
Optimal model
, 36
Optimize learning
, 31
Organic systems
, 144
Organization(al)
effectiveness approaches
, 134, 140
intellectual process of sensemaking in
, 4
learning for improvement
, 11
theory
, 20
Orientation
, 185
Osinga, E. C.
, 6
Oswick, C.
, 17
Outcomes
, 2, 17
demonstration
, 33, 147
program
, 33
Outliers
, 7, 10
detection
, 8, 192
Palgrave Connect
, 6
Palomba, C. A.
, 22
Parameters
, 14
Parametric
, 4
Paraprofessional
, 23, 27
Parker, S.
, 155
Parris, M. A.
, 20
Parsing/parse
, 6, 18, 43
Patel, D.
, 164
Patenaude, G.
, 204
Path
, 31
Pattern
, 52
Paucar-Caceres, A.
, 149
Pausits, A.
, 64
Pautler, A. J.
, 33
Pavičić;, J.
, 143
Peck, L. K.
, 5
Peifer, J. L.
, 20
Penn, J. D.
, 83
Pennings, J. M.
, 142
Peral, J.
, 11
Percentage
, 14
of leads
, 177
Perceptions
, 9, 22
Perceptual
, 3
Performance
of functional
, 10
indicators
, 181
institution
, 134, 142
performance-based model of effectiveness
, 6
Performs
, 3, 11
Perl, E. J.
, 99
Perry, W. J.
, 53
Perry’s Model of Intellectual and Ethical Development
, 51–52
Persistence
, 31
rate
, 72
Perspectives
, 90
Peters, G. B.
, 15
Phenomena
, 10
Phenomenological
, 9
Phenomenon
, 6
Pickering, J. W.
, 99
Pietarinen, J.
, 33
Pinelli, M.
, 139
Pirciog, S.
, 23
Placement
, 111
Plausible
, 4
Plewis, I.
, 212
Policies
, 108, 163
Political(ly)
, 29
factors
, 28
of institutional interaction
, 20, 163
model of effectiveness
, 6
Polnariev, B. A.
, 99
Pomerantz, N. K
, 102
Popham, W. J.
, 10
Population
, 2
Porter, A.
, 39
Portfolio
, 42
Possibility
, 13, 173
Potential
, 71
Poth, C. N.
, 9
Pounder, J. S.
, 156
Power test
, 12–14
Practitioners
, 2
Preceptor
, 104
Precise
, 52, 154
Precision
, 3
Predict/predictive/predictable
, 6, 16, 139
Prejudice
, 58
Preparation
, 180
Presumption
, 156
Prior learning measurement
, 87
Pritchard, R. M. O.
, 64
Privilege
, 46
Process-oriented functions
, 143
Product
, 17
Profession(als)
, 32, 105
Proficiency
, 29
Program
completion percentage
, 177, 179–180, 188
relevance
, 153
viability and feasibility assessment
, 21
Program design structure
, 31
course performance assessment
, 40–42
courses measurement
, 36–38
curriculum assessment
, 39–40
curriculum measurement
, 31–35
designing optimal rubric
, 51–52
Program feasibility and viability
assessment
, 73–75
measurement
, 63–73
Program learning
assessment
, 52–55, 179
objective measurement
, 43–51, 55–63, 148
outcome measurement
, 42–43, 56, 148
Projected
, 179
Protocols
, 145
Psychological
, 46
Psychology
, 43
Psychophysical
, 33
Purcell, J.
, 79
Pyhältö, K.
, 33
Qadeer, F.
, 17
Qiu, J. X.
, 143
Qualitative
, 9
Quality
, 42, 80
Quantify
, 3–4, 13
Quantitative
, 9
Quantum
, 6
Questionnaire
, 11, 80, 101
learning experience
, 81–82
Raab, G.
, 134
Rakoczy, K.
, 78
Ramy
, 21
Randall, E. J.
, 36
Rankin, S.
, 105
Rastogi, R.
, 11
Ratio
, 14
Readiness
, 36
Regha, V. S.
, 156
Registrar
, 191
Regulations
, 86
Regulatory
, 21
Relatedness
, 47
Relationship
, 9, 20
Relativistic
, 144
Relevance
, 29
Reliable/reliably/reliability
, 1, 21, 52
data
, 5
Represent(ation)
, 8, 11
Resilient
, 180
Response
, 10, 20
Responsibility
, 99–100
Retaining
, 187
Retention
, 188
Rho, S.
, 136
Ridgley, L. M.
, 31
Rigali-Oiler, M.
, 101
Rivera, M.
, 139
Rizvi, F.
, 156
Roberts, D. M.
, 114
Robinson, V. M. J.
, 139
Roga, R.
, 23
Rogers, J. D.
, 3
Rounsevell, M. D. A.
, 204
Rubenstein, L. D.
, 31
Rubric
, 42–43
designing optimal rubric
, 51–52
model
, 53
program learning outcomes measurement
, 44–50, 54–55
Rukh, H.
, 17
Russell, S. J.
, 8
Sample size attribute
, 12–14
Sampling
, 13
Sánchez-Fernández, R.
, 25
Sanders, K.
, 4, 11, 115
Sarraf, S.
, 5
Satapathy, S. C.
, 142
Satisfaction
, 6
measurement
, 101–102
Saville, K.
, 20, 23
Scaling/scaled/scale(s)
, 42–43, 52
Scalise, K.
, 102
Scan
, 19
Scheerens, J.
, 78–79
Schlesinger, W.
, 25
Schneck, R. E.
, 142
Science
, 115
Scorecard
, 140
Scott, B. A.
, 6
Scott, H.
, 79
Seagren, A. T.
, 143
Seale, J.
, 180
Second-order effect of functional changes
, 139
Senker, J. M.
, 3
Sensemaking
, 3–4, 11, 173–174
acquisition, student
, 181, 185
action planning process
, 189–190
of assessment KPIs
through competing-values approach
, 156, 158, 160–163
correlation matrix for performance indicators
, 182–184
of drivers
, 181
experience, student
, 186–188
of functional KPIs through goal-path approach
, 145
graduate GPA average
, 185–186
of institutional effectiveness models
, 161, 178–181
KPI clusters of strongest correlations
, 184–185
process
, 142
through strategic constituency approach
, 155–156, 159
through strategic contingencies approach
, 154–155, 158
success triads, student
, 188–189
system
, 140
through systems approach
, 146, 150–154, 157
Sequence
, 36, 148
Service level assessment
, 114–115
Shah, M.
, 80
Shahtalebi, S.
, 140
Shapira, P.
, 32
Sharpe, M. S.
, 99
Shayan, A.
, 164
Sheu, H. -B.
, 101
Shiffrin, R.
, 17, 140, 156
Shirom, A.
, 1, 10
Significance level attribute
, 13
Simon, M.
, 51
Singh, A.
, 135
Sitikovs, V.
, 25
Situated(ness)
, 16, 29
Smit, R.
, 51
Smith, D. G.
, 155
Snehal, B.
, 4
Social factors
, 27
of institutional interaction
, 20, 162
Social information processing
, 101
Sofo, F.
, 164
Soini, T.
, 33
Sokolova, T.
, 9
Soleimani, H.
, 33
Spearman correlation matrixes
, 192
Spearman Rho coefficient of correlation
, 134, 136
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound attributes (SMART attributes)
, 16–17
Stakeholders
, 133, 143, 150–151
Standard
, 16
Statistical
modeling
, 7–8, 192
power attribute
, 13
power test
, 12–13
Statistics
, 134
Stevenson
, 102
Steventon, G.
, 77
Stewart, J.
, 4
Stienstra, M.
, 19
Stonebraker, I.
, 164
Stork, D. G.
, 8
Strategic contingencies approach
, 142–144, 154–156, 159
percentage of students demonstrating program learning objectives
, 158
Strategic/strategically/strategy
, 6, 10, 17, 143
Strength, weakness, opportunity, or threat analysis (SWOT analysis)
, 26, 29
Stronach, J.
, 134
Structured/structure
, 36, 148
of academic discipline
, 115
of curriculum
, 32, 39, 146
prediction technique
, 8, 192
of rubrics
, 51
Student
acquisition
, 181, 185
assessment of components
, 129
career services
, 127–128
experience
, 186–188
graduate student support services measurement
, 114
learning outcomes portfolio
, 84–86
life measurement
, 103
outcomes
, 140
perceptions
, 101
persistence–developmental students
, 178
persistence–non-developmental students
, 178
services organization
, 99
success number
, 178
support services function
, 115
transition support services
, 111–113, 126
Student learning support services
, 105, 119
academic success center
, 106, 120–121
counseling services
, 125–126
counseling services measurement
, 110
disabilities services
, 123–124
disabilities services measurement
, 109
functional performance data
, 111
library component assessment
, 123
library questionnaire
, 107–108
library service assessment
, 122
Student support services
, 99–101, 152
assessing
, 113–115
assessing student support services
, 113–115
experiential learning assessments
, 115–119
experiential learning services
, 102–105
function
, 101, 107, 119
global student services assessment
, 126, 129–131
mission, vision, and values for student services function
, 100
satisfaction
, 101–102
student learning support services
, 105–111, 119–126
student support services
, 99–101
student transition support services
, 111–114, 126–129
Successful program completion
, 153
Sullivan, M. M.
, 2
Sum
, 57
Summarization/summarizing/summarized/summarize
, 7, 22, 26, 39, 73
Summary
, 3, 26
Summative
, 52
Supporting/supported/support
, 5, 180, 189
Survey
, 80, 101
Svenfelt, Å.
, 139
Swaggerty, E. A.
, 33
Synergies
, 9, 36
of cross-functional performance
, 134
of institutional process
, 32
of participants
, 164
visualization
, 161
Synergistic/synergistically/synergy
, 6, 77, 161
Synthetic/synthesize/synthesis
, 1, 10, 164
Systematic/systematically/systems
, 4, 64, 150, 154
approach
, 142, 146, 150–154
assessment method
, 1, 9, 13, 139, 155, 190–192
to effectiveness
, 10–11
trending report of sensemaking data for institution
, 157
Tadesse, T.
, 140, 149
Taggar, S.
, 10
Taheri, R.
, 36
Taljard, A.
, 24
Talukder, R. M.
, 36
Tao, S. S. C.
, 8
Taplin, R.
, 146
Target
, 29, 71, 101, 178
Tashakkori, A.
, 9
Taut, S.
, 78
Technological factors
, 20, 28, 163
Techt, U.
, 135
Tedlie
, 9
Terentev, E.
, 99
Terkla, D. G.
, 102
Tewari, D.
, 135
Tewari, P. C.
, 135
Theories
, 1, 33, 79, 113
Third-order effect of functional changes
, 139
Thompson, A. S.
, 171
Thompson, L. F.
, 32
Threat
, 2, 26, 52
3 × 7 rule
, 150
Throughputs
, 142, 150, 174
Tibshirani, R.
, 6
Tierney, R.
, 51
Toloo, M.
, 173
Tone, K.
, 11
Toom, A.
, 78
Transform(ed)
, 26, 134, 145
Transition support services
, 99–100, 115
student
, 111–113, 126, 159
Translate/translated/translation
, 10–11, 18, 52, 135, 137–138, 190
Triad
, 133, 135, 174, 181, 186–187, 189
Triangulated/triangulates
, 135
Trujillo, J.
, 11
Trustworthiness
, 5, 10, 12
Trustworthy
, 3, 10, 15, 113, 192
Tutoring
, 139, 141
Type I error in decision-making process
, 12
Type II error in decision-making process
, 12
Ulrich, T. A.
, 33
Ültanır, E.
, 57
Ültanır, Y. G.
, 57
Unanticipated
, 62–63
Unexpected
, 11–12, 51
Unintended
, 172, 190
Valdez Noel, K.
, 80
Valid
, 5, 13
Validated
, 147
Validity of data
, 5
Values
, 8, 16
statements
, 17
van der Weerdt, N.
, 19
Van Gorder, K.
, 4, 11
van Koppen, C. S. A.
, 204
van Woerkom, M.
, 4, 11, 13
Variables
, 8, 13, 134, 192
Variances
, 10, 13, 19
Verdu, A.
, 19
Verwaal, E.
, 19
Viability measurement
, 71
Viable
, 73, 144, 188
Vinyard, M.
, 9, 142, 164
Vision
institutional
, 31
instructional
, 150
statement
, 17
Visualize/visualization
, 8–9, 87, 161, 164, 190
Vittori, K.
, 36
Volberda, H.
, 19, 156, 161
Volkov, P.
, 201
Vukasović;, M.
, 209
Wagner, S. H.
, 101
Waiganjo, E.
, 23
Walker, A.
, 36, 87
Waters
, 164
Weber, C.
, 156, 164
Wei, Y.
, 36
Weick, K. E.
, 4, 11
Weiss, N.
, 135
Well
, 77
Wenderoth, M. P.
, 36
Wergin, J. F.
, 32
Whetten, D. A.
, 32
White, P.
, 6
Wilds, P. C.
, 2, 11, 32, 41
Williams, J.
, 64
Willis, G.
, 32, 36
Wilson, M.
, 102
Winnaar, L. D.
, 172
Wissam, E. L.
, 20–21
Withdraw/withdrawal/withdrawal(s)
, 13–14, 179, 180, 186–188
Withdrawn
, 180
Witten, I. H.
, 6
Women’s Re-entry Program
, 110, 125
Woodhouse, I. H.
, 204
Wright, N. J. D.
, 36
Yarmohammadian, M. H.
, 140
York, T. T.
, 105
Yorkstone, S.
, 209
Young, A. G.
, 4, 13, 115
Yousef, M.
, 219
Zamfir, A. M.
, 23
Zhao, C.
, 171
Zhu, J.
, 11, 134, 173
- Prelims
- Chapter 1 Defining, Measuring, and Assessing Effectiveness
- Chapter 2 Creating Shared Mission, Vision, and Values
- Chapter 3 Measuring and Assessing Program Structure: Intended Performance
- Chapter 4 Measuring and Assessing Instruction: Intended Performance
- Chapter 5 Measuring and Assessing Support Services: Intended Performance
- Chapter 6 Functional Data Modeling: Identifying the Drivers and Constraints of Actual Performance
- Chapter 7 Institutional Data Modeling: Looking Beyond the Data
- Chapter 8 Continuous Quality Improvement
- Afterword
- References
- Index