References

All That's Not Fit to Print

ISBN: 978-1-78973-364-8, eISBN: 978-1-78973-361-7

Publication date: 10 April 2019

Citation

Affelt, A. (2019), "References", All That's Not Fit to Print, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 127-154. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-361-720191012

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2019 by Emerald Publishing Limited


Achenbach, 2018 Achenbach, J. (2018, May 25). Did the news media, led by Walter Cronkite, lose the war in Vietnam? The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/did-the-news-media-led-by-walter-cronkite-lose-the-war-in-vietnam/2018/05/25/a5b3e098-495e-11e8-827e-190efaf1f1ee_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.702160dc0c31.

Affelt, 2015 Affelt, A. (2015). The accidental data scientist: Big data applications and opportunities for librarians and information professionals. Medford, NJ: Information Today, Inc.

Affelt, 2017 Affelt, A. (2017). Fake news: The library imperative. In Library and book trade almanac. Medford, NJ: Information Today, Inc.

Allcott et al., 2018 Allcott, H. , Gentzkow, M. , & Yu, C. (September 2018). Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media. Stanford, CA: Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. Retrieved from https://siepr.stanford.edu/system/files/publications/18-029.pdf.

Alvarez, 2017 Alvarez, B. (2017, January 11). Public libraries in the age of fake news. Public Libraries Online. Retrieved from http://publiclibrariesonline.org/2017/01/feature-public-libraries-in-the-age-of-fake-news/.

American Libraries, 2018 American Libraries . (2018, January/February). Libraries join the fight against fake news. American Libraries.

Atleo, 2013 Atleo, S. (2013, November 4). Special bulletin on first nations education. Assembly of First Nations. Retrieved from http://www.afn.ca/2013/11/04/communique-from-the-national-chief-shawn-atleo-november-4-2013/.

Baer and Lebowitz, 2015 Baer, D. , & Lebowitz, S. (2015, October 19). 17 books Bill Gates thinks everyone should read. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/bill-gates-favorite-books-2015-10/#tap-dancing-to-work-warren-buffett-on-practically-everything-1966-2012-by-carol-loomis-1.

Banks, 2016 Banks, M. (2016, December 27). Fighting fake news: How libraries can lead the way on media literacy. American Libraries. Retrieved from https://americanlibrariesmagazine.org/2016/12/27/fighting-fake-news/.

Barringer and Revkin, 2007 Barringer, F. , & Revkin, A. C. (2007, March 21). Gore warns congress of ‘planetary emergency’. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/21/washington/21cnd-gore.html.

Blakeslee, 2004 Blakeslee, S. (2004). The CRAAP test. LOEX Quarterly, 31(3), Article 4. Retrieved from http://commons.emich.edu/loexquarterly/vol31/iss3/4.

Borchers, 2018 Borchers, C. (2018, February 8). Twitter executive on fake news: We are not the arbiters of truth. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2018/02/08/twitter-executive-on-fake-news-we-are-not-the-arbiters-of-truth/?utm_term=.2be26b37d3a3.

Borowitz, 2017a Borowitz, A. (2017a, January 22). Disturbed man gets past White House security, gives press conference. The New Yorker. Retrieved from https://www.newyorker.com/humor/borowitz-report/disturbed-man-gets-past-white-house-security-gives-press-conference.

Borowitz, 2017b Borowitz, A. (2017b, February 22). Americans overwhelmingly say lives have improved since Kellyanne Conway went away. The New Yorker. Retrieved from https://www.newyorker.com/humor/borowitz-report/americans-overwhelmingly-say-lives-have-improved-since-kellyanne-conway-went-away?mbid=social_facebook.

Brennan Center for Justice Brennan Center for Justice. (2017, January 31). Debunking the voter fraud myth. Retrieved from https://www.brennancenter.org/analysis/debunking-voter-fraud-myth.

BrightLocal, 2018 BrightLocal. (2017). Local consumer review survey. Retrieved from https://www.brightlocal.com/learn/local-consumer-review-survey-2017/.

Broida, 2017 Broida, R. (2017, October 10). How to spot fake Amazon reviews. CNET. Retrieved from https://www.cnet.com/how-to/spot-fake-amazon-reviews-with-fakespot/.

Burgess, 2017 Burgess, M. (2017, August 22). Silicon Valley can’t handle hate. Should the state take over? Wired. Retrieved from http://www.wired.co.uk/article/hate-speech-online-fines-regulation-germany.

Burke, 2016 Burke, S. (2016, November 19). Zuckerberg: Facebook will develop tools to fight fake news. CNN. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2016/11/19/technology/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-fake-news-election/index.html.

Calhoun, 2018 Calhoun, L. (2018, May 23). Just launched: Google news app uses artificial intelligence to select stories, stop fake news. Inc. Retrieved from https://www.inc.com/lisa-calhoun/new-google-news-app-uses-ai-to-select-stories-stop-fake-news.html.

Carey, 2018 Carey, B. (2018, January 1). Fake news: Wide reach but little impact, study suggests. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/02/health/fake-news-conservative-liberal.html.

Carlson, 2010 Carlson, N. (2010, September 23). The Facebook movie is WRONG—Here’s how much Zuckerberg actually gave the Winklevosses to go away. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/the-facebook-movie-is-wrong-heres-how-much-zuckerberg-actually-gave-the-winklevosses-to-go-away-2010-9.

Casad Casad, B. J. (2016, August 1). Confirmation Bias. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/confirmation-bias.

Cassino, 2016 Cassino, D. (2016, November 9). Why pollsters were completely and utterly wrong. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2016/11/why-pollsters-were-completely-and-utterly-wrong.

CBC Radio, 2018a CBC Radio. (2018a, August 17). How a Canadian doctor’s study on dandelion tea became fake news fodder. CBC Radio White Coat Black Art. Retrieved from https://www.cbc.ca/radio/whitecoat/why-fake-news-is-bad-for-your-health-1.4423628/how-a-canadian-doctor-s-study-on-dandelion-tea-became-fake-news-fodder-1.4427348.

CBC Radio, 2018b CBC Radio. (2018b, August 17). News flash: Stem cells don’t regrow your brain. CBC Radio White Coat Black Art. Retrieved from https://www.cbc.ca/radio/whitecoat/why-fake-news-is-bad-for-your-health-1.4423628/news-flash-stem-cells-don-t-regrow-your-brain-1.4426301.

CBS News, 2017a CBS News. (2017a, October 2). LAPD clarifies it cannot confirm Tom Petty's death. CBS News. Retrieved from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/lapd-clarifies-cannot-confirm-tompetty-death/.

CBS News, 2017b CBS News. (2017b, August 2). Al Gore on why climate change is a national security threat. (2017, August 2). CBS News. Retrieved from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/al-gore-climate-change-nationalsecurity-threat-an-inconvenient-sequel-truth-to-power/.

Chesney and Citron, 2018 Chesney, R. , & Citron, D. (2018, February 21). Deep fakes: A looming crisis for national security, democracy, and privacy? Lawfare Blog. Retrieved from https://www.lawfareblog.com/deep-fakes-looming-crisis-national-security-democracy-and-privacy.

Chesney et al., 2019 Chesney, R. , & Citron, D. K. (2019, forthcoming). Deep fakes: A looming challenge for privacy, democracy, and national security. 107 California Law Review, p. 107.

Chokshi, 2017 Chokshi, N. (2017, April 26). That wasn’t Mark Twain: How a misquotation is born. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/26/books/famous-misquotations.html.

CNN CNN. (n.d.) About CNN iReport. Retrieved from http://ireport.cnn.com/about.jspa.

Constine, 2017 Constine, J. (2017, July 18). Facebook fights fake news spread via modified link previews. TechCrunch. Retrieved from https://techcrunch.com/2017/07/18/facebook-link-preview-modification/.

Crawford, 2018 Crawford, K. (2018, September 14). Study suggests Facebook’s war on fake news is gaining ground. Stanford, CA: Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. Retrieved from https://siepr.stanford.edu/news/facebook-fake-news-war?linkId=56984400.

de Castell, 2018 de Castell, C. (2018, October 27). Email interview.

DePaulo et al., 2004 DePaulo, B. , Ansfield, M. E. , Kirkendol, S. E. , & Boden, J. M. (2004). Serious lies. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 26(2&3), 147167.

DePaulo et al., 1996 DePaulo, B. , Kashy, D. A. , Kirkendol, S. E. , Wyer, M. M. , & Epstein, J. A. (1996). Lying in everyday life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(5), 979995.

Dewey, 2016 Dewey, C. (2016, June 16). 6 in 10 of you will share this link without reading it, a new, depressing study says. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2016/06/16/six-in-10-of-you-will-share-this-link-without-reading-it-according-to-a-new-and-depressing-study/?utm_term=.a2cfd620f2c7.

Dillet, 2018 Dillet, R. (2018, November 12). Facebook to let French regulators investigate on moderation processes. TechCrunch. Retrieved from https://techcrunch.com/2018/11/12/facebook-to-let-french-regulators-investigate-on-moderation-processes/.

Diresta, 2018 DiResta, R. (2018, July 3). The complexity of simply searching for medical advice. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/story/the-complexity-of-simply-searching-for-medical-advice/.

Domonoske, 2016 Domonoske, C. (2016, September 9). After Facebook censored Iconic photo, Norwegian newspaper pushed back. The Two-Way, National Public Radio. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/09/493267919/after-facebook-censors-iconic-photo-norwegian-newspaper-pushes-back.

Dwoskin, 2017 Dwoskin, E. (2017, June 29). Twitter is looking for ways to let users flag fake news, offensive content. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2017/06/29/twitter-is-looking-for-ways-to-let-users-flag-fake-news/?utm_term=.7abd18045f5f.

Edwards, 2015 Edwards, J. (2015, April 27). The number of people actively using Twitter may be in decline. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/twitter-users-may-be-in-decline-2015-4.

eplettner, 2014 eplettner. (2014, August 24). Fraud at the CDC uncovered, 340% risk of autism hidden from public. CNN iReport. Retrieved from http://ireport.cnn.com/docs/DOC-1164794.

Estepa, 2017 Estepa, J. (2017, November 7). Trump has tweeted 2,461 times since the election. Here’s a breakdown of his Twitter use. USA Today. Retrieved from https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/11/07/trump-has-tweeted-2-461-times-since-election-heres-breakdown-his-twitter-use/822312001/.

European Commission European Commission. (n.d.) Horizon 2020 website. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/en/whathorizon-2020.

Facebook, 2018 Facebook. (2018). How do I mark a news story as false? Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/help/572838089565953.

Factcheck.org Factcheck.org. (2018). Our mission. Retrieved from https://www.factcheck.org/about/our-mission/.

Fiegerman, 2016 Fiegerman, S. (2016, November 17). Facebook is well aware that it can influence elections. CNN. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2016/11/17/technology/facebook-election-influence/?iid=EL.

File, 2017 File, T. (2017, May 10). Voting in America: A look at the 2016 presidential election. Suitland, MD: United States Census Bureau. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/random-samplings/2017/05/voting_in_america.html.

Foer, 2018 Foer, F. (May 2018). The era of fake video begins. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/05/realitys-end/556877.

Forster, 2017 Forster, K. (2017, January 7). Revealed: How dangerous fake health news conquered Facebook. The Independent. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/fake-news-health-facebook-cruel-damaging-social-media-mike-adams-natural-health-ranger-conspiracy-a7498201.html.

Fowler, 2017 Fowler, G. A. (2017, February 1). Take back your brain from social media. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/take-back-your-brain-from-social-media-1485968678.

Frenkel, 2018 Frenkel, S. (2018, June 28). Facebook and Twitter expand peek into who’s behind their ads. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/28/technology/facebook-twitter-political-ads.html.

Frenkel and Roose, 2018 Frenkel, S. , & Roose, K. (2018, April 25). Facebook’s privacy scandal appears to have little effect on its bottom line. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/25/technology/facebook-privacy-earnings.html.

Gardiner, 2015 Gardiner, B. (2015, December 18). You’ll be outraged at how easy it was to get you to click on this headline. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/2015/12/psychology-of-clickbait/.

Gazaleh, 2018 Gazaleh, A. (2018, September 27). Email interview.

Geiger, 2017 Geiger, A. (2017, August 30). Most Americans – Especially Millennials – Say libraries can help them find reliable, trustworthy information. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/30/most-americans-especially-millennials-say-libraries-can-help-them-find-reliable-trustworthy-information/.

Ghosh, 2017 Ghosh, S. (2017, December 21). Facebook is scrapping its system of flagging fake news because it had ‘the opposite effect of what we intended. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/facebook-drop-disputed-flags-fake-news-2017-12. Accessed on January 23, 2018.

Gingras, 2018 Gingras, R. (2018, March 20). Elevating quality journalism on the open web. Google Blog. Retrieved from https://www.blog.google/outreach-initiatives/google-news-initiative/elevating-quality-journalism.

Glenza, 2018 Glenza, J. (2018, August 23). Russian trolls ‘spreading discord’ over vaccine safety online. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/aug/23/russian-trolls-spread-vaccine-misinformation-on-twitter?CMP=edit_2221.

Gold, 2018 Gold, H. (2018, July 28). UK ‘fake news’ report calls for tougher rules, fines for social media companies. CNN. Retrieved from https://money.cnn.com/2018/07/28/media/uk-fake-news-report/index.html.

Goldman, Goldman, J. (2016, October 17). 9 Insane statistics on the future of Internet video. Inc. Retrieved from https://www.inc.com/jeremy-goldman/9-insane-statistics-on-the-future-of-internet-video.html.

Greenwood et al., 2016 Greenwood, S. , Perrin, A. , & Duggan, M. (2016, November 11). Social media update 2016. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/11/11/social-media-update-2016/.

Griffith, 2017 Griffith, E. (2017, October 12). Memo to Facebook: How to tell if you are a media company. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/story/memo-to-facebook-how-to-tell-if-youre-a-media-company/.

Guess et al., 2018 Guess, A. , Nyhan, B. , & Reifler, J. (2018, January 9). Selective exposure to misinformation: Evidence from the consumption of fake news during the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign. European Research Council. Retrieved from http://www.dartmouth.edu/∼nyhan/fake-news-2016.pdf.

Guidry et al., 2015 Guidry, J. P. D. , Carlyle, K. , Messner, M. , & Jin, Y. (2015). On pins and needles: How vaccines are portrayed on pinterest. Vaccine, 33(39), 50515056.

Gumberg Library, DusqueneDuquesne University Gumberg Library, Duquesne University. (2018). Information evaluation: The CRAAP test. Retrieved from http://guides.library.duq.edu/informationevaluation/CRAAP.

Gyenes and Mina, 2018 Gyenes, N. , & Mina, A. X. (2018, August 30). How misinfodemics spread disease. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/08/how-misinfodemics-spread-disease/568921/.

Hammond, 2017 Hammond, C. (2017, February 9). How to spot misleading health news. BBC Website. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20170207-how-to-spot-misleading-health-news.

Hatmaker, 2017 Hatmaker, T. (2017, January 23). Bot-hunting Twitter bot sniffs out bogus political tweets. TechCrunch. Retrieved from https://techcrunch.com/2017/10/25/botometer-twitter-bot-hunting-probabot/.

Hawkins, 2018 Hawkins, D. (2018, July 31). The cybersecurity 202: Doctored videos could send fake news crisis into overdrive, lawmakers warn. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/paloma/the-cybersecurity-202/2018/07/31/the-cybersecurity-202-doctored-videos-could-send-fake-news-crisis-into-overdrive-lawmakers-warn/5b5f39c91b326b0207955e39/?utm_term=.be54bb701fc9.

HealthNewsReview.org HealthNewsReview.org. (n.d.). What we review and how. Retrieved from https://www.healthnewsreview.org/about-us/how-we-rate-stories/.

Herrman, 2018 Herrman, J. (2018, February 21). The making of a No. 1 YouTube conspiracy video after the Parkland tragedy. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/21/business/media/youtube-conspiracy-video-parkland.html.

Holan, 2018 Holan, A. D. (2018, February 12). The principles of the Truth-O-Meter: PolitiFact’s methodology for independent fact-checking. PolitiFact. Retrieved from https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2018/feb/12/principles-truth-o-meter-politifacts-methodology-i/#Truth-O-Meter%20ratings.

Horrigan, 2017 Horrigan, J. B. (2017, September 11). The elements of the information-engagement typology. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2017/09/11/the-elements-of-the-information-engagement-typology/.

Huff, 1954 Huff, D. (1954). How to lie with statistics. New York, NY: W.W. Norton and Sons.

Hughes et al., 2018 Hughes, T. , Smith, J. , & Leavitt, A. (2018, April 3). Helping people better assess the stories they see in newsfeed. Facebook. Retrieved from https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/04/news-feed-fyi-more-context/.

Huppke, 2018a Huppke, R. (2018a, March 13). Twitter post, 11:35 a.m., https://twitter.com/RexHuppke/status/973598388649414658.

Huppke, 2018 Huppke, R. (2018b, November 8). Absured Acosta story shows how disinformation bubbles from bots to the White House. The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/opinion/huppke/ct-met-acosta-video-white-house-chop-intern-huppke-20181108-story.html?fbclid=IwAR1szYk0uhkAm21fo1WUD4FAe6vQ2Co7Nlklmo3ELz0ayp5NIWQ4xU3NzQQ.

IFLA, 2017 IFLA. (2017, February 1). How to spot fake news—IFLA in the post-truth society. The Hague, Netherlands: International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. Retrieved from https://www.ifla.org/node/11175.

IFLA website, 2017 IFLA Website. (2017, March 1). CNN broadcasts how to spot fake news infographic. The Hague, Netherlands: International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. Retrieved from https://www.ifla.org/ES/node/11236.

IMDb IMDb. (n.d.). The Social Network. Retrieved from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1285016/characters/nm0005493.

InVID Verification Plugin InVID Verification Plugin. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.invid-project.eu/tools-and-services/invid-verification-plugin/.

Irwin, 2017 Irwin, N. (2017, January 18). Researchers created fake news. Here’s what they found. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/18/upshot/researchers-created-fake-news-heres-what-they-found.html.

Jacobson, 2018 Jacobson, T. (2018, October 23). Email communication.

Jacoby and Bourg, 2018 Jacoby, J. (Writer, Director, & Producer), & Bourg, A. (Writer). (2018). The Facebook dilemma. In R. Aronson-Rath , K. Druckerman , D. Fanning , B. Tarver , (Executive producers), Frontline. Boston, MA: WGBH.

Jenkins, 2018 Jenkins, A. (2018, April 6). We’re keeping track of all of Facebook’s scandals so you don’t have to. Fortune. Retrieved from http://fortune.com/2018/04/06/facebook-scandals-mark-zuckerberg/.

Johnson, 2017 Johnson, B. (2017). Information literacy is dead: The role of libraries in a post-truth world. Computers in Libraries, 37(2), 1215.

Johnson, 2018 Johnson, T. (2018, June 28). Are your eyes lying to you? Experts, Pentagon hunt for tools to detect Hoax videos. McClatchy Washington Bureau. Retrieved from https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/national/national-security/article213987384.html.

Jones, Jones, T. (2007, December 19). Dewey defeats Truman. The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/politics/chi-chicagodays-deweydefeats-story-story.html.

Kan, 2018 Kan, M. (2018, January 2). Facebook was biggest distributor of fake news, study finds. PC Magazine. Retrieved from https://www.pcmag.com/news/358248/study-finds-facebook-was-the-biggest-distributor-of-fake-new.

Kantrowitz, 2016 Kantrowitz, A. (2016, April 26). As social shifts to video, content creators win power and dollars. BuzzFeed News. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeed.com/alexkantrowitz/as-social-shifts-to-video-content-creators-win-power-and-dol?utm_term=.oomrD2vPkR#.ykmokrMg8E.

Kelly, 2018 Kelly, M. (2018, November 12). Facebook will allow French regulators to monitor content moderation processes. The Verge. Retrieved from https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/12/18089012/facebook-france-emmanuel-macron-hate-speech?nr_email_referer=1&pt=385758&ct=Sailthru_BI_Newsletters&mt=8.

Kelly, 2018 Kelly, M. L. (2018, April 11). Media or tech company? Facebook’s profile is blurry. National Public Radio. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2018/04/11/601560213/media-or-tech-company-facebooks-profile-is-blurry.

Kent State University Libraries, 2018 Kent State University Libraries. (2018). Online satirical news: List of satirical news sites. Kent, OH: Kent State University Libraries. Retrieved from https://libguides.library.kent.edu/c.php?g5278400&p51854632.

Kessler, 2013 Kessler, G. (2013, September 11). About the fact checker. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/about-the-fact-checker/?utm_term=.c2a16ab22489.

Knight, 2018a Knight, W. (2018a, July 18). How to tell if you’re talking to a bot. MIT Technology Review. Retrieved from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611655/how-to-tell-if-youre-talking-to-a-bot/.

Knight, 2018b Knight, W. (2018b, August 17). Fake America great again. MIT Technology Review. Retrieved from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611810/fake-america-great-again.

Kokalitcheva, 2016 Kokalitcheva, K. (2016, November 11). Mark Zuckerberg says fake news on Facebook affecting the election is a ‘crazy idea’. Fortune. Retrieved from http://fortune.com/2016/11/11/facebook-election-fake-news-mark-zuckerberg/.

Kosslyn and Yu, 2017 Kosslyn, J. , & Yu, C. (2017, April 7). Fact check now available in Google search and news around the world. Google Blog. Retrieved from https://www.blog.google/products/search/fact-check-now-available-google-search-and-news-around-world/.

Kot and Jones, 2015 Kot, F. C. , & Jones, J. L. (2015). The impact of library resource utilization on undergraduate students’ academic performance: A propensity score matching design. College and Research Libraries, 76(5), 566586.

Kurtz, 2033 Kurtz, H. (2003, March 20). A permanent exclusive. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/technology/2003/03/20/a-permanent-exclusive/e1027609-669e-42b4-9fe2-7cc09f931ea5/?utm_term=.f76ef9407f2b. Accessed on March 8, 2018.

Lapowsky, 2018 Lapowsky, I. (2018, August 20). This browser extension is like an antivirus for fake photos. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/story/surfsafe-browser-extension-save-you-from-fake-photos/.

Lasda, 2018 Lasda, E. (2018, October 18). Email interview.

Lazer et al., 2018 Lazer, D. M. , Baum, M. A. , Benkler, Y. , Berinsky, A. J. , Greenhill, K. M. , Menczer, F. (2018). The science of fake news. Science, 359(6380), 10941096.

Levin, 2018 Levin, S. (2018, July 3). Is Facebook a publisher? In public it says no, but in court it says yes. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/02/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-platform-publisher-lawsuit?CMP=share_btn_tw.

Library Journal, 2017 Library Journal . (2017, June 6–20). Fighting fake news. Library Journal. Retrieved from https://learn.libraryjournal.com/courses/fighting-fake-news/.

Lin, 2018 Lin, H. (2018, February 27). The danger of deep fakes: Responding to Bobby Chesney and Danielle Citron. Lawfare Blog. Retrieved from https://www.lawfareblog.com/danger-deep-fakes-responding-bobby-chesney-and-danielle-citron.

Lohr and Singer, 2016 Lohr, S. , & Singer, N. (2016, November 10). How data failed us in calling an election. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/10/technology/the-data-said-clinton-would-win-why-you-shouldnt-have-believed-it.html.

Lueck, 2004 Lueck, T. (2004, October 17). Pierre Salinger, Kennedy Aide, Dies at 79. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/17/politics/pierre-salinger-kennedy-aide-dies-at-79.html.

Lupkin, 2014 Lupkin, S. (2014, October 9). How a now-retracted autism study went viral – again. ABC News. Retrieved from https://abcnews.go.com/Health/now-retracted-autism-study-viral/story?id=25248179.

Lyons, 2017 Lyons, T. (2017, December 20). News feed FYI: Replacing disputed flags with related articles. Facebook Blog. Retrieved from https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2017/12/news-feed-fyi-updates-in-our-fight-against-misinformation/.

Maack, 2017 Maack, M. M. (2017, July 7). EU funded InVID launches a fake video news debunker. The Next Web. Retrieved from https://thenextweb.com/eu/2017/07/07/eu-funded-invid-launches-fake-video-news-debunker/.

Mack, 2018 Mack, D. (2018, April 17). This PSA about fake news from Barack Obama is not what it appears. BuzzFeed. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/davidmack/obama-fake-news-jordan-peele-psa-video-buzzfeed.

Manjoo and Roose, 2017 Manjoo, F. , & Roose, K. (2017, October 31). How to fix Facebook? We asked 9 experts. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/31/technology/how-to-fix-facebook-we-asked-9-experts.html.

Manjoo, 2018a Manjoo, F. (2018a, August 1). Stumbles? What stumbles? Big tech is as strong as ever. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/01/technology/big-tech-earnings-stumbles.html?rref=collection%2Fissuecollection%2Ftodays-new-york-times&action=click&contentCollection=todayspaper&region=rank&module=package&version=highlights&contentPlacement=3&pgtype=collection.

Manjoo, 2018b Manjoo, F. (2018b, November 1). How Mark Zuckerberg became too big to fail. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/01/technology/mark-zuckerberg-facebook.html.

Martinez, 2018 Martinez, A. G. (2018, March 26). The blockchain solution to our deepfake problems. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/story/the-blockchain-solution-to-our-deepfake-problems/.

Matsakis, 2018 Matsakis, L. (2018, February 14). Artificial intelligence is now fighting fake porn. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/story/gfycat-artificial-intelligence-deepfakes/.

Merriam-Webster Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Definition of metadata. Retrieved from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/metadata.

Metaliteracy Badging System Metaliteracy. (n.d.) Metaliteracy Badging System. Retrieved from https://metaliteracy.org/ml-in-practice/metaliteracy-badging/.

Meyer, 2018 Meyer, R. (2018, March 8). The grim conclusions of the largest-ever study of fake news. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/03/largest-study-ever-fake-news-mit-twitter/555104/.

Michigan Library Research Guides Michigan Library Research Guides. (2018). Fake news, lies and propaganda: How to sort fact from fiction. Retrieved from http://guides.lib.umich.edu/fakenews.

Michigan News, 2017 Michigan News . (2017, February 16). U-M Library Battles Fake News with New Class. Michigan News. Retrieved from http://ns.umich.edu/new/releases/24593-u-m-library-battles-fakenews-with-new-class.

Miller, 2017 Miller, M. (2017, July 18). Watch this video of Obama – It’s the future of fake news. Fast Company. Retrieved from https://www.fastcompany.com/90133566/watch-this-video-an-ai-created-of-obama-its-the-future-of-fake-news.

Mis-Quotations, Mis-Quotations. (n.d.) The Walden Woods Project. Retrieved from https://www.walden.org/thoreau/mis-quotations/.

MIT Sloan School of Management, 2018, March 8 MIT Sloan School of Management. (2018, March 8). Study: False news spreads faster than the truth. Retrieved from http://mitsloan.mit.edu/newsroom/articles/study-false-news-spreads-faster-than-the-truth/.

Mitchell et al., 2015 Mitchell, A. , Gottfried, J. , & Matsa, K. E. (2015, June 1). Millennials and political news. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.journalism.org/2015/06/01/millennials-political-news/.

Mitchell et al., 2016 Mitchell, A. , Barthel, M. , Holcomb, J. , & Weisel, R. (2016, December 15). Many Americans believe fake news is sowing confusion. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.journalism.org/2016/12/15/many-americans-believe-fake-news-is-sowing-confusion/.

Morris, 2018 Morris, C. (2018, April 25). Twitter and the Trump effect: Tracking the mobile user numbers. Fortune. Retrieved from http://fortune.com/2018/04/25/twitter-trump-effect-user-numbers/.

National Health Service National Health Service. Behind the headlines: Your guide to science that makes sense. Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk/news/.

National Public Radio, 2016 National Public Radio. (2016, December 14). Fake news expert on how false stories spread and why people believe them. Fresh Air. https://www.npr.org/2016/12/14/505547295/fake-news-expert-onhow-false-stories-spread-and-why-people-believe-them.

National Public Radio, 2018 National Public Radio. (2018, July 17). Transcript: Obama’s speech at the 2018 Nelson Mandela Annual Lecture. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2018/07/17/629862434/transcript-obamas-speech-at-the-2018-nelson-mandela-annual-lecture.

Nicas, 2018 Nicas, J. (2018, July 7). Oprah, is that you? On social media, the answer is often no. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/07/technology/facebook-instagram-twitter-celebrity-impostors.html.

Nott, 2018 Nott, G. (2018, June 14). Obama tech advisor: Fun’s over for AI-driven ‘deep fake’ video. Computerworld Australia. Retrieved from https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/642424/obama-tech-advisor-fun-over-ai-driven-deep-fake-video.

O’Brien, 2018 O’Brien, K. (2018, October 18). Email interview.

Ojala, 2017 Ojala, M. (2017). Fake business news. Online Searcher, 41(3), 6062.

Pariser, 2012 Pariser, E. (2012). The filter bubble: What the Internet is hiding from you. New York, NY: Penguin Press.

Perlberg and Seetharaman, 2016 Perlberg, S. , & Seetharaman, D. (2016, June 22). Facebook signs deal with media companies, celebrities for Facebook live. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-signs-deals-with-media-companies-celebrities-for-facebook-live-1466533472.

Perrin, 2018 Perrin, A. (2018, September 5). Americans are changing their relationship with Facebook. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/09/05/americans-are-changing-their-relationship-with-facebook/

Pierson, 2018 Pierson, D. (2018, February 19). Fake videos are on the rise. As they become more realistic, seeing shouldn’t always be believing. The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from http://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-fake-videos-20180219-story.html

Price, 2016 Price, R. (2016, November 17). A report that fake news ‘outperformed’ real news on Facebook suggests the problem is wildly out of control. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/fake-news-outperformed-real-news-on-facebook-before-us-election-report-2016-11

ProQuest, 2016 ProQuest. (2016). Toward an Information Literate Society. Retrieved from https://media2.proquest.com/documents/surveyresults-informationliteracy-2016.pdf.

Reid, 2006 Reid, J. (2006, July 17). ‘Pierre Salinger Syndrome’ and the TWA 800 conspiracies. CNN. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2006/US/07/12/twa.conspiracy/.

Resnick, 2018 Resnick, B. (2018, July 24). We’re underestimating the mind-warping potential of fake video. Vox. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/4/20/17109764/deepfake-ai-false-memory-psychology-mandela-effect.

Reuters, 2017 Reuters.com. (2017, January 31). Covering Trump the Reuters way. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/rpb-adlertrump-idUSKBN15F276.

Robbins, 2012 Robbins, N. (2012, August 4). Another misleading graph of Romney’s tax plan. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/naomirobbins/2012/08/04/another-misleading-graph-of-romneys-tax-plan/#59bcbc7033b8

Roose, 2017 Roose, K. (2017, October 2). After Las Vegas shooting, fake news regains its megaphone. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/02/business/las-vegas-shooting-fake-news.html.

Roose, 2018 Roose, K. (2018, November 7). Facebook Thwarted Chaos on election day. It’s hardly clear that will last. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/07/business/facebook-midterms-misinformation.html.

Roose, 2018 Roose, K. (2018, November 5). 6 types of misinformation to beware of on election day. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/05/us/politics/misinformation-election-day.html.

Rothman, 2018 Rothman, J. (2018, November 12). In the age of A.I., is seeing still believing? The New Yorker. Retrieved from https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/11/12/in-the-age-of-ai-is-seeing-still-believing.

Sanders, 2017 Sanders, S. (2017, June 20). Upworthy was one of the hottest sites ever. You won’t believe what happened next. National Public Radio. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2017/06/20/533529538/upworthy-was-one-of-the-hottest-sites-ever-you-wont-believe-what-happened-next.

Sandler, 2018a Sandler, R. (2018a, July 6). Facebook has apologized after flagging parts of the declaration of independence as hate speech. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/facebook-declaration-of-independence-hate-speech-2018-7.

Sandler, 2018b Sandler, R. (2018b, July 18). People are really upset over Mark Zuckerberg’s refusal to Ban Holocaust Deniers from Facebook. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-holocaust-deniers-reaction-2018.

Schmidt and Phillips, 2018 Schmidt, S. , & Phillips, K. (2018, June 22). The crying Honduran girl on the cover of time was not separated from her mother. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/06/22/the-crying-honduran-girl-on-the-cover-of-time-was-not-separated-from-her-mother-father-says/?utm_term=.15d6be62e437.

Seetharaman, 2018 Seetharaman, D. (2018, January 19). Facebook to rank news sources by quality to battle misinformation. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-to-rank-news-sources-by-quality-to-battle-misinformation-1516394184.

Segreti, 2016 Segreti, G. (2016, August 29). Facebook CEO says group will not become a media company. Reuters. Retrieved from https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-facebook-zuckerberg-idUKKCN1141WN.

Shahani, 2016 Shahani, A. (2016, November 17). From hate speech to fake news: The content crisis facing Mark Zuckerberg. National Public Radio. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/17/495827410/from-hate-speech-to-fake-news-the-content-crisis-facing-mark-zuckerberg.

Shearer and Gottfried, 2017 Shearer, E. , & Gottfried, J. (2017, September 7). News use across social media platforms 2017. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.journalism.org/2017/09/07/news-use-across-social-media-platforms-2017/.

Shere, 2012 Shere, D. (2012, July 31). Dishonest fox chart: Bush tax cut edition. Media Matters for America. Retrieved from https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2012/07/31/dishonest-fox-chart-bush-tax-cut-edition/189046.

Shuessler, 2018 Shuessler, J. (2018, October 4). Hoaxers slip breastaurants and dog-park sex into journals. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/04/arts/academic-journals-hoax.html.

Silverman, 2016 Silverman, C. (2016, November 16). This analysis shows how viral fake election news stories outperformed real news on Facebook. BuzzFeed. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeed.com/craigsilverman/viral-fake-election-news-outperformed-real-news-on-facebook?utm_term=.rtEzOb0BN#.gs1vPX1QD.

Silverman, 2018 Silverman, C. (2018, April 17). How to spot a deepfake like the Barack Obama-Jordan Peele video. BuzzFeed. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeed.com/craigsilverman/obama-jordan-peele-deepfake-video-debunk-buzzfeed?utm_term=.uyYKWN8mk#.bhzKX7rlp.

Snopes.com, 2018 Snopes.com. About us. Retrieved from https://www.snopes.com/about-snopes/.

Solon, 2016 Solon, O. (2016, November 10). Facebook’s failure: Did fake news and polarized politics get Trump elected? The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/nov/10/facebook-fake-news-election-conspiracy-theories.

Sonderman, 2011 Sonderman, J. (2011, July 19). 5 reasons people share news and how you can get them to share yours. Poynter Institute. Retrieved from https://www.poynter.org/news/5-reasons-people-share-news-how-you-can-get-them-share-yours.

The Special Libraries Association, 2016 Special Libraries Association. (2016, April 13). Competencies for Information Professionals. Retrieved from https://www.sla.org/about-sla/competencies/.

Statista, 2018 Statista. (2018). Share of search queries handled by leading U.S. search engine providers as of April 2018. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/267161/market-share-of-search-engines-in-the-united-states/.

Statista, 201 Statista. (2018). Number of monthly active Facebook users worldwide. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/264810/number-of-monthly-active-facebook-users-worldwide/.

Statista Statista. (2018). Percentage of U.S. adults who use Twitter as of January 2018, by age group. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/265647/share-of-us-internet-users-who-use-twitter-by-age-group/.

Statista Statista. (2018). Share of adults who believe fake news is a major problem in the United States in 2017, by political affiliation. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/657074/fake-news-confusion-level-by-political-affiliation/.

Stein, 2017 Stein, S. (2017, October 2). Google ends search-result punishment for news behind paywalls. CNET. Retrieved from https://www.cnet.com/news/google-ends-paywall-punishment-for-news-search/.

Steinmetz, 2018 Steinmetz, K. (2018, August 9). How your brain tricks you into believing fake news. Time. Retrieved from http://time.com/5362183/the-real-fake-news-crisis/.

Stewart, 2016 Stewart, E. (2016, June 8). Election 2016 will make or break Twitter: Here’s how the struggling social network plans to win. TheStreet. Retrieved from https://www.thestreet.com/story/13587479/1/election-2016-will-make-or-break-twitter-here-s-how-the-struggling-social-network-plans-to-win.html.

Sullivan and Porter, 2016 Sullivan, B. T. , & Porter, K. L. (2016). From one-shot sessions to embedded librarian: Lessons learned over seven years of successful faculty-librarian collaboration. College and Research Libraries News, 77(1), 3437.

Sullivan, 2018 Sullivan, M. (2018, July 17). Facebook can never stop fake news, and still be Facebook. Fast Company. Retrieved from https://www.fastcompany.com/90203347/facebook-can-never-stop-fake-news-and-still-be-facebook.

Terdiman, 2018 Terdiman, D. (2018, January 19). Can we trust Facebook’s users to determine what news we should trust? Fast Company. Retrieved from https://www.fastcompany.com/40519310/facebook-to-survey-users-about-trustworthy-news-sources.

The American Library Association The American Library Association. (n.d). Information literacy competency standards for higher education. Retrieved from http://www.ala.org/Template.cfm?Section=Home&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=33553.

The Economist, 2017a The Economist . (2017a, November 4). Once considered a boon to democracy, social media have started to look like its nemesis. The Economist. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/briefing/2017/11/04/once-considered-a-boon-to-democracy-social-media-have-started-to-look-like-its-nemesis.

The Economist, 2017b The Economist . (2017b, July 1). Fake news: You ain’t seen nothing yet. The Economist. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2017/07/01/fake-news-you-aint-seen-nothing-yet.

The Economist, 2018 The Economist . (2018, July 26). WhatsApp suggests a cure for virality. The Economist. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/leaders/2018/07/26/whatsapp-suggests-a-cure-for-virality.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2017 The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.) Walter Cronkite. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Walter-Cronkite.

The State Library of Iowa The State Library of Iowa. (n.d.). Steps of the Reference Interview. Iowa Library Services Information Literacy Toolkit. Retrieved from https://www.statelibraryofiowa.org/ld/i-j/infolit/toolkit/geninfo/refinterview.

The Trust Project The Trust Project. (2017a). Frequently asked questions. Retrieved from https://thetrustproject.org/faq/#indicator.

Thetrustproject The Trust Project. (2017b). Who we are. Retrieved from https://thetrustproject.org/.

Thompson, 2013 Thompson, M. S. (2013, April 10). Melding the nitty gritty of critical thinking and information literacy into English developmental and composition classes. Paper presented at ACRL conference, April 10–13, 2013, Indianapolis, Indiana. Retrieved from http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/conferences/confsandpreconfs/2013/papers/Thompson_Melding.pdf.

Thornburg, 2011 Thornburg, R. M. (2011). Producing online news: Digital skills, stronger stories (p. 85). Washington, DC: CQ Press.

Tiffany, 2017 Tiffany, K. (2017, March 17). In 2010, the social network was searing—Now it looks quaint. The Verge. Retrieved from https://www.theverge.com/2017/3/17/14946570/the-social-network-facebook-mark-zuckerberg-president-of-the-world.

Tiku, 2018 Tiku, N. (2018, March 19). Europe’s new privacy law will change the web and more. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/story/europes-new-privacy-law-will-change-the-web-and-more/.

Timberg and Dwoskin, 2018 Timberg, C. , & Dwoskin, E. (2018, July 6). Twitter is sweeping out fake accounts like never before, putting user growth at risk. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2018/07/06/twitter-is-sweeping-out-fake-accounts-like-never-before-putting-user-growth-risk/?utm_term=.6583564b1f65.

Tufekci, 2016 Tufekci, Z. (2016, November 15). Mark Zuckerberg is in Denial. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/15/opinion/mark-zuckerberg-is-in-denial.html?_r=1.

Valenza, 2016 Valenza, J. (2016, November 26). Truth, truthiness, triangulation: A news literacy toolkit for a ‘Post-Truth’ world. School Library Journal. Retrieved from http://blogs.slj.com/neverendingsearch/2016/11/26/truth-truthiness-triangulation-and-the-librarian-way-a-news-literacy-toolkit-for-a-post-truth-world/.

Valenza, 2018 Valenza, J. (2018, March 14). Telephone interview.

Vivalt, 2018 Vivalt, E. (2018, July 27). How to be a smart consumer of social science research. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2018/07/how-to-be-a-smart-consumer-of-social-science-research?utm_medium=email&utm_source=newsletter_daily&utm_campaign=mtod_not_activesubs&referral=00203&deliveryName=DM15984.

Vosoughi et al., 2018 Vosoughi, S. , Roy, D. , & Aral, S. (2018). The spread of true and false news online. Science, 359, 11461151.

Wang, 2017 Wang, V. (2017, December 2). ABC suspends Brian Ross over erroneous report about Trump. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/02/us/brian-ross-suspended-abc.html.

Wang, 2018 Wang, S. (2018, June 26). Twitter ramps up fight against abuse and malicious bots. Bloomberg. Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-06-26/twitter-ramps-up-fight-against-abuse-and-malicious-bots.

Wardle, 2017 Wardle, C. (2017, February 16). Fake news. Its complicated. First Draft. Retrieved from https://firstdraftnews.org/fake-news-complicated/.

Wardle, 2018 Wardle, C. (July 2018). Information disorder: The essential glossary. First Draft. Retrieved from https://firstdraftnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/infoDisorder_glossary.pdf?x30563.

Weinberger, 2018 Weinberger, M. (2018, May 14). Mark Zuckerberg just turned 34 years old. Here are 33 photos of Facebook’s rise from a Harvard Dorm Room to world domination. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/facebook-history-photos-2016-9.

Wells, 2008 Wells, T. (2008, November 16). Onion nation: A look inside the offices of the onion. The Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/11/07/AR2008110701942_pf.html.

Woollaston, 2017 Woollaston, V. (2017, January 11). Facebook’s journalism project wants to finally crack the problem of fake news. Retrieved from http://www.wired.co.uk/article/facebook-journalism-tools.

Zelizer, 2017 Zelizer, J. (2017, July 19). Did the Rodney King video change anything? CNN. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/2017/07/19/opinions/zelizer-nineties-rodney-king-video/index.html.

Zillman, 2016 Zillman, C. (2016, June 14). Why Facebook could be ‘all video’ in five years. Fortune. Retrieved from http://fortune.com/2016/06/14/facebook-video-live/.

Zimdars, Zimdars, M. (2016a). False, Misleading, Clickbait-y, and Satirical ‘News’ Sources. Retrieved from https://docs.google.com/document/d/10eA5-mCZLSS4MQY5QGb5ewC3VAL6pLkT53V_81ZyitM/preview.

Zimdars, 2016 Zimdars, M. (2016b, November 18). My ‘fake-news’ list went viral. But made-up stories are only part of the problem. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2016/11/18/my-fake-news-list-went-viral-but-made-up-stories-are-only-part-of-the-problem/?utm_term=.a9def4fed318.