Index

Citation

Kremere, E., Morgan, E. and Obani, P. (2019), "Index", SDG6 – Clean Water and Sanitation: Balancing the Water Cycle for Sustainable Life on Earth (Concise Guides to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 153-161. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-103-320191012

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2020 Eva Kremere, Edward Morgan and Pedi Obani

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INDEX

Active raised bogs/mires

, 72

Adequate access of water

, 14–17

Advanced WASH facilities

, 20

Affordability

, 17–18

AG of the Federation v AG of Abia State and 35 Ors

, 114

Agriculture

, 25

water consumption

, 25–26

Aizkraukle Mire and Forests

, 76

Aklais Mire

, 76

Algal blooms

, 28

Australia

, 83

addressing urban water scarcity and efficiency in

, 92–96

challenges for water management and security in

, 84

post-colonial approach to water management

, 84

sustainable extraction, water scarcity and Murray–Darling Basin

, 89–92

water management in

, 84–88

Behaviour change

, 95

Benue

, 99

‘Big pipe in, big pipe out’

, 86

Billion cubic metres (BCM)

, 99

Biophysical catchments

, 41

Bog(s)

, 72

hydrology restoration

, 78

importance of

, 73–74

vegetation and peat formation process

, 75

Capacity-building

, 63

Catchment management

, 42, 54, 88

Cena Bog Nature Reserve

, 77

Chad Hydrological Area

, 99

Clean water

, 45

Climate action

, 4

Climate change

, 31, 33, 84, 93, 103

CLTS process

, 103

Coal seam gas

, 96

Community

participation

, 60

pushback

, 93

in water management

, 95

Constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999)

, 114

Cooperation and participation

, 69

Cost-benefit analysis

, 50

Costa Rica

, 53

‘Cultural water’ allocations

, 85, 96

Damaged peatlands

, 74, 76

Dams

, 79, 122

Decision-making

, 40

Deep aquifers

, 30–31

Demand-side efficiency programmes

, 94–95

Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT)

, 83

Desalination

, 30, 93, 122

Digging ditches

, 75–76

Direct potable recycled water

, 94

Direct potable water reuse

, 94

Drainage ditch

, 80–81

Droughts

, 30

responses

, 95

Dublin Principles

, 34, 36

Eastern Littoral

, 99

Economic technocratic approaches

, 50

Ecosystem services

, 48, 71–72

SDG 6.6 and

, 48–51

Ecosystems

, 122

conservation

, 42

protection

, 54–55

restoration

, 55

Effective water governance

, 42

Engineering approaches

, 124

Environment, IWRM and

, 43–45

Eriophorum vaginatum

, 81

Europe, experience of raised bog restoration in

, 74–75

Eutrophication

, 27

Extractive industries

, 96

Federal Government

, 87

Federal Ministry of Water Resources (FMWR)

, 101, 104

Federal Republic of Nigeria

, 99

Flooding

, 101

Flushed sewage systems

, 86

Fracking

, 96

Fragmented institutions

, 65

Freshwater resources, pressure on

, 66

Gender equality

, 4

women and girls

, 2, 11, 14, 21–22

Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS)

, 15, 67

Global Assessment of Water Supply and Sanitation (see Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS))

Global Sanitation Fund in partnership

, 103

Global Water Partnership

, 32

Good water governance

, 64–65

architecture and challenges

, 104–108

structures

, 65

Green Climate Fund

, 53

Gross National Happiness

, 55

Groundwater

, 30, 101

table observations

, 79

Grund norm

, 114

Human rights

, 16, 18–19, 23, 112, 116, 119

Human-made wetlands

, 71

Hydrological evaluations

, 99

Hydrological regime

of bogs

, 76–78

restoration measures and results

, 78–80

Hygiene

, 9

Inclusion of Indigenous Peoples

, 96

Indigenous communities

, 85, 96

Indigenous land rights

, 54

Inland wetlands

, 71

Institutional inertia

, 37

Integrated water resources management (IWRM)

, 3, 10, 25, 31–34, 48, 68, 87, 111–112

and implementation

, 39–43

and including environment

, 43–45

and SDG6

, 34–39

International Development Community

, 20

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

, 73–74

Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP)

, 11, 13

Ķemeri National Park

, 77

Lake Chad

, 103

Lakes

, 77

Land use

, 31

change

, 31

planning

, 31, 40

Land Use Act

, 114

Large water infrastructure projects

, 29–30

Latvia, experience of raised bog restoration in

, 74–75

Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre (LVGMC)

, 79

Local governments

, 106

councils

, 106

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

, 103

Lower Benue

, 99

Lowlands raised bogs

, 74

Market-based approach

, 38

Means of Implementation (MoI)

, 62, 68–69

Melnais lake bog in Latvia

, 75

impact of groundwater level rise on vegetation in

, 80–81

peat extraction and drainage

, 77–78

specifics of project

, 75–76

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

, 2–3, 10, 20

MDG 7

, 10

WASH target

, 10

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA)

, 32–33

Ministry of Water Resources

, 104–105

Mire/bog protection

, 72

Modern wastewater treatment

, 28

Modern Western diets

, 38

Multi-stakeholder engagement

, 65

Murray–Darling

Basin

, 83–84, 88–92

Basin Authority

, 41

catchment

, 41

National Assembly

, 114

National Conference (2014)

, 116

National Council of Water

, 111

National Hydrological Services Act

, 112

National Water Initiative (NWI)

, 87–88

National Water Quality Management Strategy

, 87

National Water Resources Bill 2016

, 109–113

National Water Resources Institute

, 111

National Water Resources Institute Act

, 112

National Water Resources Policy

, 108

National water trading scheme

, 88

Native Title legislation

, 85

Natural resource management bodies

, 88

Neoliberal economics

, 87

Nigeria contiguous catchments

, 99

Chad Hydrological Area

, 99

Eastern Littoral

, 99

Lower Benue

, 99

Niger Central

, 99

Niger North Hydrological Area

, 99

Niger South

, 99

Upper Benue

, 99

Western Littoral

, 99

Nigeria and SDG 6

, 99

governance architecture and challenges

, 104–108

harnessing law for universal access to WASH

, 116–118

National Water Resources Bill 2016

, 109–113

push factors

, 113–116

status of access to WASH

, 100–104

water, sanitation and hygiene components

, 100

Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency (NIHSA)

, 104–105, 111

Nigeria Water Resources Regulatory Commission

, 111

npj Clean Water

, 68

Official development assistance (ODA)

, 63, 67–68

Open defecation

, 102

Optimal access of water

, 16–17

Organic pollutants

, 28

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

, 62–63

Paris Agreement on climate change

, 48, 74

Partnership for Expanded Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene programme (PEWASH programme)

, 100

Pathogen contamination of water

, 27

Peat extraction

and drainage

, 77–78

methods

, 75

Peat-forming bogs

, 73–74

Peatlands

, 73–74

restoration

, 74

Perth desalination

, 93

Pipe-in–pipe-out urban areas

, 124

Plastic pollution

, 28

Pollutants

, 28–29

Pollution

, 121

Pools

, 77

Pour-flush toilets

, 20

Poverty Alleviation Programme

, 106–107

Practical high bog habitat restoration measures

, 80

Pre-colonial water management

, 85

Quality of ecosystem

, 52

Quic quid plantatur solo, solo cedit

, 115

Rainfall

, 29

Rainwaterfed ecosystems

, 72

Raised bogs

, 71–72

experience of restoration in Europe and Latvia

, 74–75

restoration project

, 75–78

Recycling and reuse of water

, 94

Regional-scale catchment management

, 88

Reservoir capacity

, 92

Restoration of water-related ecosystems

, 53–56

Rio Declaration

, 35

Riparian

, 85

River

catchment

, 35–36

river-wide basin planning

, 59

systems

, 99

River Basin Development Authorities (RBDAs)

, 105, 111

River Basin Development Authority Act

, 112

Rožu Mire

, 76

Rural Development Policy

, 106–107

Rural Water Supply Agency Law 1991 of Cross River State

, 107

Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency

, 107

Safely

managed sanitation service

, 11

of WASH

, 18–20

Saltwater intrusion

, 101

Sanitation

, 9, 20, 27, 45

Scheme of Service of Local Government Staff

, 107

SDG 6 Synthesis Report 2018, The

, 67–68

Southeast Queensland

, 93–95

Sphagnum

, 72

Sphagnum cover

, 80–81

State Water and Sanitation Agencies

, 105

Surface water

bodies

, 101

purchases

, 90

Sustainable development

, 12, 35, 60, 61, 87, 112, 116, 119, 122

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

, 2–4, 31–32, 43–44

SDG 1

, 12

SDG 2

, 12

SDG 3

, 12

SDG 6

, 1, 4–7, 34–39, 63, 121–123

SDG 6.6

, 47–56

SDG 6A and 6B

, 60–64, 66–68

SDG 8

, 12

SDG 10

, 12

SDG 15

, 12, 52

Sustainable extraction

, 89–92

Technical/engineering approaches

, 92

Terra Nullis

, 85

Tīreļu Plain rich in bogs

, 76

Transboundary water management

, 59, 61

Transparency International

, 65

Traveston Dam in Queensland

, 93

UN Administrative Committee on Co-ordination Inter-Secretariat Group for Water Resources (ACC/ISGWR)

, 34–35

UN Joint Monitoring Programme for Drinking-water, Sanitation and Hygiene

, 68

Unharmed raised bogs in Latvia

, 74

United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)

, 25, 47

Universal access of WASH

, 18–20

Upper Benue

, 99

Urban water

management

, 83

scarcity and efficiency in Australia

, 92–96

Urbanisation

, 28

Vegetation typical of bogs

, 75

Virtual water

, 37

Vulnerable situations

, 2, 11, 14, 22–23

WASH components under SDG 6

, 12–13

adequate access

, 14–17

affordability

, 17–18

drinking water

, 13–14

equitable access of WASH

, 22–23

equitable access and in vulnerable situations

, 22–23

special attention to needs of women and girls

, 21–22

universal access and safety

, 18–20

Wastewater

recycling plant

, 94

reuse

, 30

treatment technology

, 27–28

Water

, 9, 42

availability

, 29

catchment management

, 50

consumers

, 25–26

ecosystem health

, 121

efficiency

, 25

governance

, 29, 34, 60

quality

, 25, 27–29, 32

quantity

, 29–31

recycling

, 122

resources

, 33, 60–61

security

, 14, 103, 121

sensitive urban design

, 28

suppliers

, 43

supply

, 101

Water, Sanitation and Health (WASH) (see Water supply and sanitation and hygiene (WASH))

Water and Environmental Sanitation (WES)

, 9, 106

Water and Environmental Sanitation Committees (WESCOMs)

, 106

Water and sanitation (WatSan)

, 9

planning and management

, 63

Water Integrity: From Concept to Practice (Tropp)

, 65

Water management

, 31, 35, 40, 48, 95

in Australia

, 84–88

guiding principles for institutions

, 111–112

Water Reform Framework

, 87

Water resource management (see also Integrated water resources management (IWRM))

, 4, 25

Water Resources Act (WRA)

, 110, 112–114

Water scarcity

, 29, 32, 89–92

flooding and quality

, 59

Water Sensitive Cities

, 92

Water supply and sanitation and hygiene (WASH)

, 9–11, 27, 100

federal agencies in charge of

, 105

harnessing law for universal access to

, 116–118

under SDG 6 components

, 12–23

status of access to

, 100–104

WASH-related services

, 106

Water-related ecosystem protection

, 53–56

Water-related ecosystems

, 1

Water-related PES

, 54

Watershed protection

, 54

Western Littoral

, 99

Wetlands

, 71

World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)

, 21