Index

Fabian M. Teichmann (Teichmann International AG, Switzerland)
Bruno S. Sergi (Harvard University, USA, and University of Messina, Italy)

Compliance in Multinational Corporations

ISBN: 978-1-78756-870-9, eISBN: 978-1-78756-867-9

Publication date: 15 October 2018

This content is currently only available as a PDF

Citation

Teichmann, F.M. and Sergi, B.S. (2018), "Index", Compliance in Multinational Corporations, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 133-140. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78756-867-920181007

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2018 Emerald Publishing Limited


INDEX

Afghanistan

military campaigns in
, 72

terrorism financing
, 72

Africa, bribery and corruption in
, 2, 6, 12

Agents–principals relationship
, 5–6

Al-Qaida
, 80

Antiquities sector, money laundering in
, 40

compliance officers’ perceptions
, 63–64

concrete steps
, 61–62

general suitability
, 60–61

risks
, 62–63

Anti-Terrorist Financing standards
, 95

Asia, bribery and corruption in
, 6

Assets

splitting and pooling
, 108

transfer of
, 78–80

Austria

banking system money laundering
, 39

consulting firms money laundering
, 49

terrorism financing
, 71, 73, 75, 97, 98

Bank accounts, terrorism financing
, 79–80

Banking system

money laundering in
, 37–39

for terrorism financing, general suitability of
, 85–86

Bitcoin
, 74, 75, 79, 90, 92

Bribery

causes of
, 5–7

defined
, 11–12

legal environment against
, 9–15

methods
, 22–23

potential solutions to
, 24–26

practical implications of
, 127–131

practices and challenges to
, 1–26

threats
, 10

see also individual entries

British Virgin Islands

banking system money laundering
, 38

real estate money laundering
, 58

Cash couriers
, 74, 80

Cash deposit boxes
, 112–113

Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
, 18

China

legislation against corruption
, 18

whistle-blowing systems
, 118

Commission payments
, 51

Compliance

departments, effective political tools or unnecessary challenges for
, 105–113

funding to terrorism activities
, 81–83

mechanisms
, 16–22

Compliance officers

perceptions

of antiquities money laundering
, 63–64

of real estate money laundering
, 59–60

suggestions to analyzing money laundering
, 65

Confucianism
, 118

Consulting firms

circumventing sanctions
, 111–112

money laundering in
, 39–40

concrete steps
, 49–52

detection risks
, 53–54

general suitability
, 47–49

resources
, 52–53

Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (OECD Anti-Bribery Convention)
, 9–15

Article
, 1, 11

Corruption

causes of
, 5–7

costs of
, 7–9

defined
, 15

grand
, 1, 12

legal environment against
, 9–15

petty
, 1, 12, 23

political
, 12

potential solutions to
, 24–26

practical implications of
, 127–131

practices and challenges to
, 1–26

see also individual entries

Corruption Perceptions Index
, 2, 6, 19

Costs of corruption
, 7–9

Cross-border transactions, terrorism financing
, 79

Cryptocurrencies
, 74, 75, 80, 90–93

concrete steps
, 91–92

general suitability
, 90–91

risks of
, 92–93

Daimler AG
, 19

Dodd-Frank Act
, 130

Dubai

banking system money laundering
, 38

real estate money laundering
, 56

Due diligence
, 131

Eastern Europe

bribery and corruption in
, 6

consulting firms money laundering
, 39, 40

political reforms in
, 17

sanctions and embargos
, 111

Embargo Act
, 106

Embargos
, 105–113

cash deposit boxes
, 112–113

consulting firms
, 111–112

history of
, 106

methods of circumventing
, 107

multiple jurisdictions
, 108–109

offshore bank accounts
, 110

plausibility
, 109

splitting and pooling assets
, 108

strawmen
, 107–108

Ernst & Young
, 2

Ethical standards
, 18–19

EU Commissioner for Home Affairs
, 3

Europe, bribery and corruption in
, 2

e-wallet
, 91–92

Ex post transaction analysis
, 44

Facilitation payments
, 1

False Claims Act
, 122–123

Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
, 32, 33, 74, 106

Financial institutions, suggestions to analyzing money laundering
, 64–65

Financial regulators, suggestions to analyzing money laundering
, 64

Financial war against terrorism
, 72

Financing, terrorism see Terrorism financing

Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (United States)
, 17

Funding to terrorism activities
, 77–86

compliance
, 81–83

intelligent weaknesses
, 81–83

low enforcement
, 81–83

potential solutions
, 83–86

traits of terrorism financers
, 80–81

transfer of assets
, 78–80

G7
, 32

Germany

banking system money laundering
, 39

consulting firms money laundering
, 49

facilitation payments
, 1

terrorism financing
, 71, 73, 75, 84, 87, 97, 98

Grand corruption
, 1, 12

Guidelines for Managing Conflicts of Interest in the Public Sector
, 9

Hawala bankers
, 74, 80

Hawala networks
, 71–72

concrete methods
, 94–95

general suitability of
, 93–96

limiting risks
, 95–96

potential solutions
, 96–98

for terrorism financing, general suitability of
, 93–98

Hawala service providers
, 69

Hong Kong

banking system money laundering
, 39

consulting firms money laundering
, 49

Incentive system, anti-bribery
, 24–26, 122–123

India

bribery and corruption in
, 2, 4

women’s leadership in
, 4

International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism
, 71

Investigative Committee of Russia
, 18

Iraq, military campaigns in
, 72

Islamic State
, 80, 85, 92

Jewellery sector, money laundering in
, 45–47

Kazakhstan

consulting firms money laundering
, 51

Know Your Customers
, 43, 131

Latvia

consulting firms money laundering
, 51

Legal enforcement of money laundering
, 33

Legal environment, against bribery and corruption
, 9–15

Legal lobbying, distinction between
, 13–14

Legislative corruption
, 12

Liechtenstein

banking system money laundering
, 38, 39

consulting firms money laundering
, 49

real estate money laundering
, 56

terrorism financing
, 71, 73, 75, 97, 98

Low enforcement, funding to terrorism activities
, 81–83

Managers, risks and implications for

terrorism financing
, 74–75

whistle-blowing
, 123–125

Mexico

bribery and corruption in
, 18

consulting firms money laundering
, 51

Middle East

bribery and corruption in
, 2

Millennium Development Goals

water and sanitation
, 3

Mobile payment services, terrorism financing
, 79

Moldova, bribery and corruption in
, 18

Money launderers
, 31–65

Money laundering
, 31–65, 105

antiquities
, 40, 60–63

banking system
, 37–39

compliance officers, suggestions for
, 65

consulting firms
, 39–40, 47–54

financial institutions, suggestions for
, 64–65

financial regulators, suggestions for
, 64

general statements
, 36–41

history of
, 33

legal enforcement of
, 33

methods of
, 34

quantitative results
, 41–47

real estate
, 40–41, 54–60

research approach
, 34–36

Money transfer services, terrorism financing
, 74, 79

Money transfer to offshore accounts
, 23, 43

Multiple jurisdictions
, 108–109

National Supervision Commission
, 18

Non-regulated sectors, terrorism financing
, 79

Occupational fraud
, 5, 19

Official websites, money laundering in
, 50

Offshore bank accounts
, 110

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (Anti-Bribery Convention)
, 9–15

Panama

banking system money laundering
, 38

consulting firms money laundering
, 49

real estate money laundering
, 56

Pay brines
, 23

Petty corruption
, 1, 12, 23

Plausibility
, 23, 36, 38–40, 44–46, 50–52, 54, 57, 58, 63, 70, 80, 87, 88, 94, 96, 98, 109

Political corruption
, 12, 13

Political reforms, corruption eradication through
, 17, 18

Principals–agents relationship
, 5–6

Principles for Managing Ethics in the Public Service
, 9

Professional secrecy
, 84–85

Property renovation costs
, 56–57

Public officials’ salaries, and corruption
, 7

Public sector institutions corruption in
, 3

Real estate, money laundering in
, 40–41

compliance officers’ perceptions
, 59–60

concrete steps
, 55–57

detection risks
, 58–59

general suitability
, 54–55

Reputational damage
, 16

Resolution 54/109
, 71

Retaliation
, 119

Risks

of antiquities sector money laundering
, 62–63

of consulting firms money laundering
, 53–54

of cryptocurrencies
, 92–93

of hawala networks, limiting
, 95–96

of real estate money laundering
, 58–59

of terrorism financing, limiting
, 89

Russia

consulting firms money laundering
, 51

legislation against corruption
, 18

women’s leadership in
, 4

Sanctions
, 105–113

cash deposit boxes
, 112–113

consulting firms
, 111–112

history of
, 106

methods of circumventing
, 107

multiple jurisdictions
, 108–109

offshore bank accounts
, 110

plausibility
, 109

splitting and pooling assets
, 108

strawmen
, 107–108

Secret online remote searches
, 83

Self-regulating market approach
, 17

Siemens AG
, 19

Singapore

banking system money laundering
, 38

Somalia, terrorism financing in
, 72

Strawmen
, 31, 36, 38, 39, 42–44, 50, 53, 55, 107–108

Switzerland

anti-bribery laws
, 16

antiquities money laundering
, 60, 61

banking system money laundering
, 38–39

consulting firms money laundering
, 49

Embargo Act
, 106

hawala networks
, 94

real estate money laundering
, 55

sanctions and embargos
, 111

Swiss Code of Criminal Procedure

Chapter 285a
, 96

Swiss Criminal Code

Article 260quinquies
, 71

Article 305bis
, 33

terrorism financing
, 72, 73, 75, 88, 97, 98

Syria

antiquities money laundering
, 61

hawala networks
, 94

terrorism financing
, 70, 84–86

Tax authorities
, 54

Taxes and corruption, distinction between
, 13–14

Terrorism financers
, 34, 44, 45–46, 53, 61–65

traits of
, 80–81

Terrorism financing
, 32, 44–46, 48, 51–53, 60, 63–64, 69–99

concrete methods
, 86–89

corporations and managers, risks and implications for
, 74–75

cryptocurrencies
, 90–93

funding
, 77–83

hawala networks, general suitability of
, 93–96

history of
, 72–74

methods of
, 75–77

potential solutions of
, 83–86, 96–98

Traits of terrorism financers
, 80–81

Transfer of assets
, 78–80

Transparency International
, 1, 10, 12, 13, 15, 19

Corruption Perceptions Index
, 2, 19

Turkey, terrorism financing in
, 84–88

UBS AG
, 19

Ukraine

bribery and corruption in
, 18

consulting firms money laundering
, 51

women’s leadership in
, 4

United Arab Emirates

banking system money laundering
, 38, 39

consulting firms money laundering
, 49

United Kingdom

consulting firms money laundering
, 49

United Nations (UN)

Millennium Development Goal
, 3

United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances

Article
, 3, 33

United States

Dodd-Frank Act
, 130

False Claims Act
, 122–123

Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of
, 1977, 17

Whistle-blowing
, 12–13, 115–125

corporations and managers, risks and implications for
, 123–125

obstacles to
, 118–121

potential solutions
, 121–123

WiFi-networks
, 92, 93

Women’s leadership, and corruption
, 4