Index
Shola Abidemi Olabode
(University of Hull, UK)
Digital Activism and Cyberconflicts in Nigeria
ISBN: 978-1-78756-015-4, eISBN: 978-1-78756-014-7
Publication date: 24 October 2018
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
Olabode, S.A. (2018), "Index", Digital Activism and Cyberconflicts in Nigeria (Digital Activism and Society: Politics, Economy And Culture In Network Communication), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 251-256. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78756-014-720181009
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2018 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU)
, 37
African Independent Television (AIT)
, 48
Al-Qaeda
, 72–73, 210
Arab Spring
, 7, 58–64, 88
in Egypt
, 58–59, 63
in Tunisia
, 58–59, 63
use of FB and Twitter
, 62–64
9/11 attacks
, 73
Avgeropoulos, Yorgos
, 192, 195
Belarusian conflict
, 88
Biafra conflict
, 35
Boko Haram
, 2, 20, 23–24, 26, 29, 36, 40–41, 79, 205, 207, 211
alliance between ISIS and
, 180
ethnic, religious and political undertones
, 154–157
evolution of
, 143
framing issues and strategy
, 157–161
core framing tasks
, 161–165
modus operandi and targets
, 167–168
situating Islamism
, 165–167
hierarchical leadership structure
, 146–148
ideological propaganda of religion
, 179
influence of global jihad movements on
, 174
influence of ICTs on
, 168–173
psychological effects
, 177
leadership of
, 178
modus operandi, tactical repertoire and organisational set-up
, 167–168, 174–175
networking style
, 171–172
mobilisation and propaganda using digital media
, 172–180
propaganda and psychological manipulations
, 178–179
pledge of allegiance
, 179
religious ideology
, 196
socio-political, economic and cultural motivations
, 149–154
in terms of CC framework
, 183
videos
, 175–178, 182–183
Bouazizi, Mohamed
, 58
Bo Xilai
, 77
Burkinabe Protests
, 68
CAQDAS software
, 24
Communication tools, role in democracy
, 54
Computer-mediated communication (CMC), principle of
, 5
Computer-mediated environments, conflict in
, 1
Concord Group
, 46–47
Conflict movements
, 54, 206
Conflict movements in Nigeria
, 1
Conflict resolution, role of digital media
Boko Haram movement
, 180–183
Movement for Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND)
, 202–204
Occupy Nigeria movement
, 138–142
Congo protests
, 66–67
‘Coup de Text’
, 62
Crna Ruka (Black 42 Hand)
, 71
Cyberactivism
, 53, 70
in Serbian terrorist movement
, 71–72
Cyberconflict (CC)
, 2, 53–54, 205
theoretical framework
, 5–8, 83, 206
in context of conflict
, 7–8
ethnoreligious
, 6–8
media components
, 8
resource mobilisation perspective
, 7
socio-political
, 5, 8
Cyber protests
, 53
Cyber-utopians
, 85
‘Delta-Oil’s Dirty Business’ documentary
, 192
Denial of service (DOS) attacks
, 7
Digital activism
, 2, 53, 87, 111, 133, 205, 213
youth engagement and activism in Sub-Saharan Africa
, 55–84
Digital ICTs
, 1
Dokubo, Asari
, 188
Douglas, Susan
, 54
Egyptian revolution (2011)
, 58
Egyptians Abroad in Support of Egypt
, 59
Electronic vandals
, 71
Estrada of Philippines, ousting of President
, 62
Ethnoreligious conflict
, 1, 36, 57, 82–83, 143, 183, 212
ethnoreligious cyberconflict
, 6–8
Facebook
, 1, 6, 59, 66–67, 76, 87, 211
#FeesMustFall protest
, 64–66
Framing process of movements
, 73–80
Boko Haram
, 157–168
construction and preservation of meaning
, 75–76
core framing tasks
, 76
discursive processes
, 76
essential constituents of
, 74
motivational
, 75
Movement for Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND)
, 191–195
Occupy Nigeria movement
, 98–106, 120–133
Gbomo, Jomo
, 189, 201, 203
Global Justice Movement (GJM)
, 77
‘GoOnline’
, 87
‘Great Red Firewall’ tag
, 86
Green Movement protests
, 85
Guardian African Network
, 68
Hacking
, 71–72
Iceland protests (2009)
, 58
Ijaw ethnic group
, 196
India vs Pakistan conflicts
, 7
India vs Pakistan conflicts
ethnoreligious CC
, 77–78, 83
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)
, 1
access to
, 57, 206, 208, 210–211
in conflict scenarios
, 54–55
in Chinese context
, 86
in Congo protests
, 66–67
findings
, 207–212
organising and advocacy of SMS
, 62
ousting of President Estrada of Philippines
, 62
ousting of President Mugabe of Zimbabwe
, 67–73
participation levels, correlation between
, 57
#RMF and #FMF
, 64–66
tactical repertoire of conflict movements
, 61
costs of communication and coordination of
, 57–58
disruptive use of
, 60
framing process and
, 73–80
future directions and developments for research
, 213–214
issues of accessibility to
, 129–130
limitations of
, 84–89
mobile structures and
, 56–58
mobilise for public relations
, 180–181
multimodal nature of
, 211
opportunity structure and
, 80–84
potential impact of
, 1–2
on political protests
, 3–8
role in safeguarding movement actors
, 72–73
socio-political demobilising effect of
, 141
transnational nature of
, 81–82
youth engagement and activism
, 53
in Sub-Saharan Africa
, 55–84
Israel vs Palestine conflicts
, 7, 83
Jihadi John
, 79
Jonathan, Goodluck
, 42–43
Karatzogianni CC framework
, 207–208
Kuwait’s women’s suffrage movement
, 61
LinkedIn
, 66
London European Forum (ESF)
, 77
Maitatsine conflict
, 36
Mano, Winston
, 67
Motivational framing
, 75
Movement for Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND)
, 2, 14–15, 20, 23, 29, 32, 40, 79, 205, 207, 211
amnesty programme for insurgents
, 203
as an ethnic movement with regional interest
, 204
anti-globalisation and the anti-capitalist movements
, 197
core framing task
, 191–195
evolution of
, 185–190
grievances and demands
, 197, 213
influence of ICTs on
, 190–191
resource for mobilisation and recruitment
, 198–202
use of email and mobile communication
, 198–199, 201–202
leadership of
, 189–190
membership and ethnic affiliation
, 188–190
identity of
, 189
ranks of
, 189–190
motivational framing
, 194–195
religious undertones
, 195–197
spokespersons of
, 188
themes
, 192
videos
, 199–200
Mugabe of Zimbabwe, ousting of President
, 67–73
National Association of Nigerian Students (NANS)
, 37
National Executive Council (NEC)
, 98
National Union of Petroleum and Natural Gas (NUPENG)
, 47
Natural Gas Senior Staff Association (PENGASSAN)
, 47
The Net Delusion: How Not to Liberate the World (Morovoz)
, 85
Networks of Outrage and Hope
, 131
New social movement theory
, 5
Nigeria
agricultural-related activities
, 41
corruption in
, 40
democracy in
, 38–39, 42
different military regimes
, 37
economy
, 41–42
electoral dissent in
, 40
ethnic and political rivalry
, 35–36, 42–43
ethnic groups in
, 35
ICTs and digital media
, 49–52
living standard
, 41
media industry
, 44–49
Concord Group
, 46
control of information and communications
, 45
in dictatorial regimes
, 45
government opposition to press
, 45–46
ICTs and digital media
, 49–52
liberalisation of broadcast media
, 47–48
ownership and monopoly in
, 44
printing press
, 45
private media
, 44, 48
regulatory atmosphere
, 48–49
role in safeguarding public interest
, 38
as watchdog of society
, 54
militant and insurgency-related conflict in
, 40
mobile penetration in
, 129
multilingual diversity
, 33–34
oil and gas sector
, 41–42
pitfalls in governance in
, 39–40
population
, 33–34
post-independence period
, 35–36
leadership struggles
, 36
post-military era
, 38–44
protests on economic issues
, 40
republic transitions
, 35
rotation of power in
, 43
socio-economic and political historical context
, 34–38
Hausa-Fulani ethnic group
, 34
Yoruba ethnic group
, 34
traditional labour groups and civil society actors
, 37–38
transformative initiatives
, 39
zoning policy, idea of
, 43–44
Nigerian Bar Association (NBA)
, 37
Nigerian Broadcasting Commission (NBC)
, 45, 47–48
Nigerian Labour Congress (NLC)
, 37, 98
Nigerian Television Authority (NTA)
, 47
Nkurunziza, President Pierre
, 69
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
, 6
Nvivo software
, 24–25, 27–30
Obasanjo, Olusegun
, 38, 40, 42
Occupy Nigeria movement
, 20, 24, 32, 79, 205–207
activists and members of
, 134
central aim of
, 130
civil society actors in
, 94–96
conflict of interests and disconnect between negotiators and protestors
, 136–137
core framing tasks
, 106–110
counter-mobilisation or demobilisation effect
, 130–131
evolution of
, 91–98
Labour Civil Society Coalition’s principal responsibility
, 95–96, 125–126, 136, 140
NLC striking committee and
, 96–97
framing issues and uses of ICTs
, 98–106, 120–133
CC framework and perspectives of participants
, 140
#ChildNotBride campaign
, 135
‘Enough is Enough’
, 123
impact
, 133–138
inter-civil society relations and information sharing
, 120–122
‘Niaraland’ forum
, 123
process
, 135–136
‘Save Nigeria Group’ (SNG)
, 123
sponsored handles
, 139, 141
tweets and FB posts
, 123–126, 138–139
horizontal and vertical organisational structures
, 131
political opportunity structure
, 111–120
structure of leadership in
, 93, 137
Occupy Wall Street (OWS) movement
, 5, 58, 60, 210
Odimba, Ali Bongo
, 66
Okah, Henry
, 202
Online activism
, 53
People’s Democratic Party (PDP)
, 40
Political protest, impact of ICT
analytical framework
, 3–4
audiovisual and textual material online
, 20–24
case studies
, 14–15
approach
, 13–14
cyberconflict theoretical framework
, 5–8
rational of
, 29–32
data collection
, 11–12
interviews
, 12–13
administering
, 19–20
interview questions
, 15–16
participant characteristics
, 16–19
research design
, 8–11
secondary data
, 20–24
thematic analysis
, 24–29
The Politics of Cyberconflict (Karatzogianni)
, 5–8
Protest mobilisation and collective action
analytic framework
, 3–4
factors and motivations for contentious activities
, 4
government influence and
, 4
psychological perspective
, 3
rational choice approach
, 4
relative deprivation theory
, 3
Radio Kudirat
, 38, 60
Radio Publique Africaine
, 69
Red Brigades
, 61
Resource mobilisation theory (RMT)
, 5, 7
#RhodesMustFall protest
, 64–66
Skype
, 66
Socio-political cyberconflict
, 1, 5, 8, 82
Technological activism
, 53
Trade Union Congress (TUC)
, 98
Traore, Alain Edouard
, 68
Tulip Revolution (2005)
, 61
Tunisia revolution (2010)
, 58
Twitter
, 1, 6, 59, 66–67, 86, 124–125, 211
United Action for Democracy (UAD)
, 98
‘Us vs them’
, 77
Voice of Egypt Abroad
, 59
Web 2.0
, 60
Weimann, Gabriel
, 72
WhatsApp
, 67
Women in Nigeria (WIN)
, 37
Yaha worm
, 78
Yar’Adua, Umaru Musa
, 43
Youth engagement and activism in Sub-Saharan Africa, role of ICT
, 55–84
Arab Spring
, 58–64
framing process of movements
, 73–80
opportunity structure
, 80–84
#RohodesMustFall and #FeesMustFall
, 64–66
YouTube
, 1, 59, 66, 86, 182, 211
Zapatista movement of Mexico
, 5–6
- Prelims
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- Chapter 2 Mapping the Political Economy of Media Industry and ICT Infrastructural Development in Nigeria
- Chapter 3 Empirical Accounts of Digital Activism and Cyberconflicts
- Chapter 4 The Occupy Nigeria Protest
- Chapter 5 The Boko Haram Conflict
- Chapter 6 The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND)
- Chapter 7 The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Conflicts: A Reappraisal
- Bibliography
- Index