Academic culture

, 137

Academic curriculum

, 15–16

Act to Promote Education in the Province of Auckland, An

, 40–41

Administering for Excellence: Effective Administration in Education

, 143–144

Admission criteria

, 126

Aikman Report

, 91–92

Ako

, 3

Alexander, Jean

, 49–51

Alien Enemy Teachers Act of 1915

, 67

Anglican Church

, 6–7

Anxieties

, 1, 2, 21, 24, 28, 29–30, 63, 90–91, 130–131, 134

Apprenticeship

, 41, 42, 113–114

Ardmore Teachers’ College

, 20, 104–106, 128–129

Ashton-Warner, Sylvia

, 90, 91

Atmore, Harry

, 111–112

Atmore Report

, 72–73, 111–112

Attendance

, 32–33

Auckland College of Education

, 137, 154

Auckland Education Act of 1857

, 57–58

Auckland Education Board

, 43, 59

Auckland Girls’ Training and High School

, 43–44

Auckland Provincial Council

, 41–42

Auckland Teachers Association

, 9

Auckland Teachers’ College

, 13, 88–90, 127, 130–131

Auckland Teachers’ College Council

, 132–133

Auckland Training College

, 90–91

Auckland University College

, 72

Australia, government schools

, 18

Balance, John

, 60

Ball, Douglas

, 48

Bell, Andrew

, 31

Bethlehem Tertiary Institute

, 154–155

Better Teachers for Better Learning

, 155–156

Bird, William

, 65–66

Board of Education

, 40–41

Board Schools

, 52

Bowden, Thomas

, 62

Bowen, Charles

, 9, 60

British and Foreign School Society (BFSS)

, 31, 38–39

Brown, Charlotte Arnet

, 33

Bureaucracy

, 55–56

Burfoot, Maud Hannah

, 44–46

Cadet Training

, 90

Campbell Report

, 16–17, 73, 87–88, 91–92, 117, 131

Capable Teacher, The

, 139, 155–156

Cary, J. M.

, 37–38

Catholic Church

, 4

Catholic missionaries

, 4–5

Catholic school

, 4–5

CEO. See Chief Executive Officer

Certification

, 62

Challenges

, 30, 87–88, 127–128, 131, 132, 133, 162–163

Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

, 136, 149

Christchurch Normal School

, 118

Christchurch Teachers’ College

, 127, 130–131, 135

Christensen, Carl

, 59

Christian Union

, 90–91

Church Missionary Society (CMS)

, 4–5, 31–32, 33–34

Church of England

, 6–7

Church schools

, 57

Classroom demonstration

, 80–81, 83–85

CMS. See Church Missionary Society

Code of Ethics

, 140, 154–155

Codes of Conduct

, 91

Codification of knowledge

, 81–82

Cohen Commission

, 110–111, 129–130

Colleges of Education

, 134–135, 142, 152

Common Schools Act of 1869

, 41–42

Compliance

, 91–92

Compulsory schooling

, 108–109

Compulsory state education

, 9

Constitution Act of 1852

, 6, 40

Consultative Committee on the Recruitment, Education and Training of Teachers

, 16–17, 72–73, 87–88

Correspondence School

, 121

Crowley, Amelia

, 11–13

Cultural adaptation

, 85

Cultural knowledge

, 132

Curriculum

, 81–82, 88–90

core

, 15–16, 48, 72–73, 86

reform

, 69–70

Curriculum Review, The

, 19, 143–144

Currie Commission

, 17, 77, 131–133

Currie Report

, 52, 73, 85

Dalrymple, Learmouth

, 11–13

de La Salle, John Baptist

, 118

Diploma of Teaching

, 134–135

Divisions (for training)

, 82–83, 117

Dunedin Teachers’ College

, 107, 115, 132–133

Education Act of 1856

, 59

Education Act of 1877

, 8–10, 60, 107

Education Act of 1914

, 110–111

Education Act of 1988

, 100–101

Education Act of 1989

, 19, 134–135, 154

Education Act of 1990

, 142, 154

Educational heritage

creation of

, 1, 3–8

methodological approaches

, 21–23

shifts and changes

, 8–21

Education Amendment Act of 1938

, 111–112

Education (Te Aho Matua) Amendment Act of 1999

, 19–20

Education and Science Committee

, 139–140

Education Bill

, 9

Education Board

, 91, 107, 109, 110–111, 119–120, 128–129

Education Committee of the House

, 111–112

Education Conversation

, 98

Education Ordinance (1847)

, 10

Education Ordinance (1862)

, 41, 58–59

Education Review Office (ERO)

, 19, 139, 144, 149, 154

Emergency training scheme

, 86–87

England

pupil-teacher system

, 58–59

regulation of teachers

, 57

Enrollments

, 106

Entry requirements

, 120–121, 131, 159

ERO. See Education Review Office

Evolution and transition

, 125

location

, 133–141

pressures and demands

, 125–133

Female Middle Class Emigration Society (FMCES)

, 37–38

Feminization

, 79–80, 116

FMCES. See Female Middle Class Emigration Society

Fox, William

, 59–60

Francis, Catherine

, 11–13

Fraser, Peter

, 15–16

Free Church Normal Training College

, 61–62

Froebel, Friedrich Wilhelm August

, 12

Froebel Society

, 11–13

Funding

, 6–7, 8–9, 10, 43, 96–97, 107, 134–135, 136, 151–152, 153–154, 159, 162

Gibson, Margaret

, 13

Girls’ Provincial School

, 6–7

Girls Grammar School

, 44–46

Grace, Charles

, 36–37

Grading system

, 110–111

Graduating Standards for Teachers

, 140, 154–155

Grey, George

, 5

Hamilton Teachers’ College

, 104–106, 137, 154

Hawke’s Bay Education Board

, 9

Hawke Committee

, 151–152

Hawke Report

, 136, 146

Higher Leaving Certificate

, 76–77

Hill, Henry

, 58, 61–62, 74, 91–92, 133

Hill Report

, 74, 91–92, 133

Hilton, Miss

, 37

Hislop, John

, 43–44, 61–62

Hogben, George

, 14, 15, 68–71, 110–111

Homecraft Teacher’s Certificate

, 86

Home Science

, 15

Hukarere School

, 49–51

Hunn Report

, 17, 52, 85

Infant Block, The

, 44

Initial teacher education (ITE)

, 137–138, 154–155, 161

Inkpen, A.

, 13

Inquiry into the Quality of Teaching (Scott Report)

, 18

Inspector of Native Schools

, 11, 46–47, 48, 65

Inspector of schools

, 40

Inspectors’ Reports

, 56, 57–58, 62–63, 67

ITE. See Initial teacher education

Junior assistants

, 48, 120–121

Kay-Shuttleworth, James

, 39

Kemp, Charlotte Butcher

, 33

Kemp, James

, 33

Kindergarten

, 12

movement

, 13

teachers

, 13, 14, 118, 126

Kindergarten Association

, 14

Lancaster, Joseph

, 31

Lange, David

, 19

Language skills

, 132

Learning for Life

, 136–137, 151–152

Lewin, Jane

, 37–38

Local schools

, 4

Location

, 133–141

Loreto Hall

, 20, 104–106, 129, 133–134

Managerialism

, 152

Māori

, 3–5, 9–10, 11, 14, 15–16, 17, 19–20, 31–35, 39, 83–86

Kura Kaupapa Māori

, 19–20, 100–101, 135, 157

language

, 10, 33–34, 47, 52, 84, 85, 99–101, 135, 157–158

Matauranga Māori

, 99–101

Nga Kura Māori

, 46–52

quota system

, 121–122

Māori Education Foundation

, 17

Māori Language Act of 1987

, 157–158

Māori Women’s Welfare League

, 14

Marriage bar

, 116–117

Marsh, Lydia

, 33

Mason, H.G.R.

, 72–73

MASTERS Institute

, 154–155

Milnes, Herbert A.

, 113–114

Ministry of Education

, 19, 98, 134, 153–154

Missionary schools

, 29, 31–32

Monitorial system

, 31

Mt Cook Infant School

, 11–13

Mulgrau, E.K.

, 113–114

Murray, William

, 61–62

National Advisory Council on the Training of Teachers

, 17, 73–74, 77, 132–133

Native District High Schools

, 15–16, 85

Native Schools

, 9–10, 46–47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 64–67, 75–76, 83–86, 120–121

Native Schools service

, 120

Native School teachers

, 51, 75–76, 120–121

Native Schools Act of 1858

, 10

Native Schools Act of 1867

, 10, 46

Native Schools Code

, 10, 46, 63, 64–65, 83–85

Native Schools Sites Act of 1880

, 10

Native School Teachers’ Association (NSTA)

, 51, 75–76

Neoliberal policy framework

, 161

New Education Fellowship (NEF) Conference

, 76–77

New Public Management (NPM)

, 145–146, 149

New Right ideology

, 145

New Zealand Company

, 36–37

New Zealand Curriculum Framework (NZCF)

, 151

New Zealand Educational Institute (NZEI)

, 51, 72, 75–76, 77

New Zealand Education Gazette

, 51, 59–60

New Zealand Free Kindergarten Union

, 14

New Zealand Gazette and Wellington Spectator

, 36–37

New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA)

, 19, 134, 136, 144, 154

New Zealand Schoolmaster

, 116–117

New Zealand School of Graduate Education

, 154–155

New Zealand Teachers’ Council (NZTC)

, 139, 141, 153, 154–155

New Zealand Wars (1845–1872)

, 10

Normal schools

, 13, 43–44, 57, 68, 81–83, 118–119, 129, 158–160

North Shore Teachers College

, 20

NPM. See New Public Management

NZCF. See New Zealand Curriculum Framework

NZEI. See New Zealand Educational Institute

NZQA. See New Zealand Qualifications Authority

NZTC. See New Zealand Teachers’ Council

Official knowledge

, 79–80

approved

, 82–86

certified

, 82–86

era and

, 92–99

Matauranga Māori

, 99–101

standardized

, 82–86

teachers’ knowledge and skills, disciplining

, 86–92

Ohaewai Maori School

, 49

Ordinance for Promoting the Education of Youth in the Colony of New Zealand, An (George Grey)

, 5, 39

O’Sullivan, Richard

, 62–63

Organization for Economic Co-operation and development (OECD)

, 143–144

Otago Education Board

, 58–59, 79–80, 132–133

Otago Girls’ High School

, 12

Otago Provincial Government

, 37–38

Overcrowding

, 46

Pākehā

, 3–4, 5, 10, 11, 15–16, 17, 29, 39, 46, 47, 52, 83–85, 99

Palmerston North Teachers’ College

, 104–106, 135, 137, 154

Parliamentary Education and Science Select Committee

, 146

Parliamentary Select Committee on Education and Science

, 122

Parnell School

, 44–45

Parry Report

, 117

Paternalism

, 39

Petitjean, Jean Baptiste

, 34–35

Picot Report

, 99–100, 134–135, 143–144, 147

Pinder, Edward

, 112–113

Policy reform

, 91–92

Pompallier, Jean Baptiste

, 34–35

Ponsonby School

, 44–46

Pope, James

, 46, 63–64, 65–67

Annual Report (1881)

, 11

Porteous, John

, 65–66

Post Primary Teachers Association (PPTA)

, 75

Pre-Employment Training for School Teachers

, 139

Presbyterian Church

, 6–7

Primary school curriculum

, 70–71

Private Training Establishments (PTEs)

, 137–138, 154–155

Professional Standards

, 152

Proficiency Examination

, 15–16, 85

Provinces

Auckland

, 6, 35, 40, 43, 60–61

Canterbury

, 6, 40, 41, 62–63

Nelson

, 6, 40, 59

New Plymouth

, 6, 40

Otago

, 6–7, 40, 58–59, 61, 65–66

Taranaki

, 61

Wellington

, 6, 40, 62

Provisionally registered teacher (PRT)

, 153

PTEs. See Private Training Establishments

Public Service Entrance Examination

, 49

Public Service Regulations

, 63

Pupils

, 5, 8–9, 10, 11, 14–15, 18, 34–35, 39, 44–45, 47–48, 55, 56, 61–62, 63–64, 82–83, 95

Pupil-teachers

, 7–8, 12, 33–34, 41, 42–43, 44, 45, 47, 58, 59–60, 62, 66–67, 68–69, 70–71, 75, 82–85, 113, 114

Pupil-teacher system

, 30, 39, 40–41, 42–46, 57, 58–59, 68, 103

Quality

, 18, 28–29, 91–92, 98–99, 146, 160–161

Quality of students training

, 18, 91–92, 129–130, 131, 146

Quality of Teacher Training for Teaching Māori Students, The

, 155–156

Quality Teachers for Quality Learning

, 155–156

Quality Teachers for Quality Learning: A Review of Teacher Education

, 138–139

Quinney, Amelia

, 13

Regulation

of teachers

, 57–68, 74–77

of teaching

, 74–77

of training

, 68–74

of work

, 56

Regulations Relating to the Duties of Teachers

, 58

Reichel, Sir Harry

, 71

Reichel–Tate Commission

, 111

Reichel–Tate Report

, 71–72

Report into the Quality of Teaching. See Scott Report

Report of the Commission on Education. See Currie Report

Report of the Committee on New Zealand Universities

, 77

Report of the Consultative Committee on the Recruitment, Education and Training of Teachers

, 16–17

Report of the Taskforce to Review Education Administration. See Picot Report

Report of the Commission of Education in New Zealand, A

, 73

Retention

, 131–132

Review of Teacher Training

, 134

Rocklands Hall

, 90–91, 128–129

Royal Commission on the Staffs of Schools and Salaries of Public School

, 68–70

Rye, Maria

, 37–38

Scholarships

, 14

School Certificate

, 15–17, 58–59, 86

School leaving age

, 15–16, 72–73, 75, 86, 115, 117, 125–126

Scotland

regulation of teachers

, 57

Scott, Noel

, 18

Scott Report

Secondary department

, 127, 130–131

Secondary schools

, 14

academic curriculum

, 15–16

expansion of

, 16–17

progression of

, 15–16

Secondary Schools Act of 1903

, 14, 106–107

Secondary Schools’ Association

, 75

Select Committee

, 18

Sharples, Pita

, 99–100

Shortage of teachers

, 74

Smith, Lockwood

, 133–134

Society of Mary (Marists)

, 34, 35

Society of the Sacred Heart

, 104–106

Standard Five examination

, 60–61

Standards for the Teaching Profession

, 98

State Services Commission

, 134

St Mark’s Training College

, 61

St Patrick’s School

, 34–35

Stothard, Sophia

, 43–44

Students, teachers’ colleges

, 68, 81–82, 103

Sunday Schools

, 35–36

Tancred, Henry

, 7

Taranaki House

, 128–129

Taskforce to Review Educational Administration

, 143–144

Tate, Frank

, 71

Tate Report

, 42–43

Teacher Education Refresh Training (TER)

, 98

Teacher preparation

, 1–2

Teacher shortages

, 28–29, 74, 91–92, 98, 131, 133, 154–155

Teachers

, 1–2, 7–8, 9, 13, 46–48, 56, 75–77, 102, 141, 152–158

Teachers’ Registration Board (TRB)

, 19, 134, 136–137, 139, 141, 152, 153, 154

Teachers’ Training College Entrance Examination

, 49

Teachers’ training colleges, changing environment of

, 103

between national and local

, 106–112

practices of

, 118–122

pressures and tensions

, 112–117

Teachers’ University Studentship

, 128

Teacher training and preparation

, 1–2

Teach First New Zealand

, 20, 98, 157

Teaching, regulation of

, 74–77

Teaching Council

, 98

Te Atakura

, 135

TEC. See Tertiary Education Commission

Technical high school

, 14–15

Technical skills

, 80–81

Te Hapua School

, 51

Te Kohanga Reo

, 100–101

TER. See Teacher Education Refresh Training

Te Reo

, 19–20

Tertiary Education Commission (TEC)

, 20, 141

Te Tiriti o Waitangi (The Treaty of Waitangi)

, 51, 75–76, 98–99, 101, 157–158

Article 2

, 99–100

Te Waka Maori

, 51, 75–76

Third Year Studentships

, 128

Thomas Report

, 15–16, 117

Thorndon School

, 118

Tikitiki School

, 49–51

Tokomaru Bay School

, 65–66

Tomorrow’s Schools

, 19, 24–25, 134–135, 143–144

Training College and Pupil Teacher Regulations of 1905

, 70–71

Training College Bursary

, 112–113

Training Colleges

Auckland

, 60, 69, 105, 107

Ardmore

, 105

Christchurch

, 9, 60, 105, 107, 118

Dunedin

, 9, 60, 105, 107

Hamilton

, 105

Loreto Hall

, 105

North Shore

, 105

Palmerston North

, 105

Wellington

, 60, 69, 105, 107

Training regulation

, 68–74

TRB. See Teachers’ Registration Board

Uncertified teachers

, 113–114, 119–120

University Matriculation Examination

, 14–15

University of Auckland

, 137, 154

Victoria University of Wellington

, 137

Wai–o–Weka School

, 65–66

Wānanga (tertiary institutions)

, 19–20

Wanganui Education Board

, 59

WCTU. See Women’s Christian Temperance Union

Wellington Academical Institution

, 37

Wellington Teachers’ College

, 115, 118, 137

Wesleyan Missionary Society (WMS)

, 4–5, 31–32

Whanau (families)

, 3, 11

Williams, Henry

, 31–33

Williams, Jane Nelson

, 33

Williams, Lydia Catherine

, 33

Williams, Marianne Coldham

, 31–32

Williams, William

, 34

WMS. See Wesleyan Missionary Society

Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)

, 13

Worthington, Henry

, 43, 75

Wrigley, Alice

, 59