Index

The Stalled Revolution: Is Equality for Women an Impossible Dream?

ISBN: 978-1-78714-602-0, eISBN: 978-1-78714-601-3

Publication date: 7 December 2017

This content is currently only available as a PDF

Citation

Tutchell, E. and Edmonds, J. (2017), "Index", The Stalled Revolution: Is Equality for Women an Impossible Dream?, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 323-338. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78714-601-320171016

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2018 Emerald Publishing Limited


INDEX

Note: Page numbers with “n” denotes notes numbers.

Abortion
, 22, 23, 24, 76, 93, 122, 164

Actresses Franchise League, The
, 271

Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi
, 87, 221

African, Caribbean, South Asian women
, 99

Ahluwalia, Kiranjit
, 100

Albert Hall
, 54, 79

Alexander, Sally
, 79, 80, 97

All women shortlists
, 269, 270

Allan, John: Chairman of Tesco
, 207

Amundsen, Une
, 258

Anderson, G.D
, 14, 295n16

Angelou, Maya
, 100, 103

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
, 8

Anniversaries

Hundredth anniversary of passing of Act granting votes to women
, 1

Fiftieth anniversary of beginning of Women’s Liberation Movement
, 2

Anti-Apartheid Movement, The
, 177

Antis, The (see Women’s Anti-Suffrage Society)

Archbishop of Canterbury
, 13, 60

Arson and bombs
, 50, 60, 61

Arts, Role of the
, 11–12, 271–272

ability to change opinions
, 271

films that have influenced opinion
, 272

moving in concert with politics
, 271

novels as instrument of reform and revolution
, 12, 272

offers prospect of change
, 11

power of television
, 12

view of a different future
, 12

Asquith, Herbert
, 20, 49, 50, 140

Astor, Nancy
, 109

ATS
, 126

Attlee, Clement
, 130

Atwood, Margaret
, 233

Awareness, raising
, 140–145

Ayr Racecourse
, 59

Bailey, Marie
, 223, 288

Bakewell, Joan
, 252, 267

Baldwin, Stanley
, 109, 295n2

Balmoral golf course
, 60

Balshaw, Maria
, 279

Banyard, Kat
, 96, 144, 218, 252

Barenboim, Daniel
, 279

Barr, Roseanne
, 230

Barrie, Pauline
, 290

Bartoletti, Ivana
, 291

Bartoli, Marion
, 180, 182

Bates, Laura
, 96, 144, 191, 193

Battersby, Audrey
, 71

BBC

Light Programme
, 73

reaction to sexism of employees
, 133–135

gender pay gap
, 134, 307n20

Beard, Mary
, 231

Beauty contests

Miss America Competition
, 75

Miss World contest
, 79

Becker, Lydia
, 41, 42

Begg MP, Ferdinand Faithfull
, 31

Behn, Aphra
, 85, 223

Belief in human progress
, 287

Beveridge, William
, 131

Bevin, Ernest
, 126, 127

Billington-Greig, Tessa
, 298n39, 305n7

Birkbeck College, London
, 80

Black and Asian women
, 97, 99, 151

Black Friday
, 55–56

Blair, Tony
, 170

Blair’s “Babes”
, 170

Bletchley Park
, 127

Board Level positions

absence of formal interviews
, 210

‘Board ready’ women
, 197

Business Case for women on the Board
, 199–200

Davies initiative
, 200–201

Non-Executive Directors
, 200–201, 210

Quotas
, 258

vacancies unadvertised
, 209

Bondfield, Margaret
, 40, 102, 110, 231

Boothroyd, Betty
, 110

Boots Lending Library
, 73

Boycott, Rosie
, 159

Boycotts
, 177

Bra burning
, 104

Braddock, Bessie
, 131

Brah, Avtar
, 99, 101–102

Brailsford, Henry
, 54, 55, 63, 298n51

Brand, Jo
, 276, 277

British Cycling
, 181, 182

British Library Archive
, 150, 305n19

Brittain, Vera
, 112, 116, 123

Britten, Benjamin
, 272

Brompton Cemetery
, 119

Brown, Catherine
, 122, 304n20

Brown, Gordon
, 198, 269

Brownmiller, Susan
, 86, 152

Brundtland, Gro
, 110

Brussels
, 190

Budget of 1981
, 132

Bull, Deborah
, 231

“Business Case”, The
, 200

Cabinet
, 40, 42, 45, 51, 57, 65, 110, 127, 130, 135, 137, 163, 172, 175, 259, 268

Cable, Vince
, 198

Callil, Carmen
, 78

Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND)
, 76

campaigns and campaigning

alternative structures
, 111

celebrating successes
, 165

collective action
, 140

democratic
, 162, 230, 282

excitement
, 21, 62

involving women from all backgrounds
, 145–151, 284

leaders
, 28

likely to be lengthy
, 156–157

representatives
, 47

resilience
, 13

Campbell Bannerman, Henry
, 46, 109

Campbell, Bea
, 85, 255

Candidate selection
, 210, 269

Candide
, 237, 308n1

Carby, Hazel
, 98, 101, 102, 302n61, 302n64

Career Breaks
, 265, 266

Career patterns
, 201, 260

Carlisle
, 47, 243

Carruthers, Susan
, 129, 304n26

Carson, Sir Edward
, 52, 60

Castle, Barbara
, 75, 110, 137, 163, 175, 231

Cat and Mouse Act (see Prisoners’ Temporary Discharge for Ill-Health Act)

Caxton Hall
, 48, 55

Cazalet-Keir, Thelma
, 127

Census (1911), boycotting the
, 60

Chairman
, 44, 56, 170, 185, 200, 207, 210

Chamberlain, Neville
, 125

Chancellor
, 247

Chew, Ada Nield
, 146, 147

Chief Executive
, 180, 196, 200, 241, 249, 250, 269

Childcare
, 254–255

inadequacy
, 254

roles of mother and father
, 254–255

sharing responsibility
, 254

systems of public provision
, 254–255

children

Chiswick women’s refuge
, 96, 165

Churchill, Caryl
, 273

Churchill, Winston
, 44, 61, 127, 264

Citizen’s Association
, 124

Civil Rights Movementm
, 74, 75, 100

Classical music
, 278–279

Cleaners’ Action Group
, 97

Clement’s Inn
, 46

Clinton, Bill
, 194

Cobden Sanderson, Mrs
, 61

Cohn Bendit, Daniel
, 74

Cole, Babette
, 280, 310n14, 310n15

Colman, Olivia
, 277

Communes
, 91, 92

Communist
, 94

Compliance
, 6, 173, 184

Conciliation Committees
, 54, 56

Consent
, 37, 210, 246

Conservative Party

proportion of male and women MPs
, 268

selection of candidates
, 269

Cooper, Selina
, 146

Cooper, Yvette
, 191

Council Houses
, 133

Countess of Carlisle
, 47

Courtesy (mistaken for oppression)
, 155

Coventry Cathedral
, 272

Coward, Ros
, 226

Creasy, Stella
, 176, 191

Cromer, Lord
, 38, 152, 207n24

Crook, Frances
, 231

Cultural norms
, 11, 12, 118, 139, 240, 267

Dadzie, Stella
, 99

Daily Express newspaper, The
, 20, 108, 296n8, 299n55s

Daly, Mary
, 290

Dalyell, Tam
, 175

David, Miriam
, 4, 78, 89, 164, 232, 233, 260

Davies Report: Women on Boards
, 201

Davies, Emily
, 27, 47, 65

Day, Doris
, 73

De Beauvoir, Simone
, 75, 171

Delaney, Jo
, 25, 77, 90

Delaney, Shelagh
, 273

Delmar, Rosalind
, 103

Democracy
, 41, 42, 90, 110, 159–162

Demos
, 191, 192, 306n10

Department for Education
, 247

Depression, The
, 121, 123, 253

Desai, Jayaben
, 98

Despard, Charlotte
, 108

Dick, Cressida
, 196, 231

Dickenson, Sarah
, 146, 147

Discomfort
, 102, 189–190, 232

Discrimination

Chapter 7 passim

appointment procedures
, 259

in Banks
, 57

at BBC
, 182

in business
, 173, 186

in Supreme Court appointments
, 195

indirect discrimination
, 187, 264

men will benefit from end of d.
, 265

outlawed but persists
, 135, 205

Disraeli, Benjamin
, 30

Diversity and Inclusion
, 99, 104, 275, 284, 285

Divorce Act (1857)
, 30

Domestic Violence and Matrimonial Proceedings Act (1976)
, 96

Domestic Service
, 116, 122, 153

Domestic Violence
, 96, 100, 216, 218, 244–245, 284

Downing Street
, 21, 24, 50, 51, 56, 61

Drabble, Margaret
, 233

Drake, Francis
, 109

Drummond, Flora (the WSPU “General”)
, 18

Duffy, Carol Ann
, 281

Dumas, Marlene
, 279

Dunbar, Roxanne
, 92

Dunkirk
, 126

Dunn, Nell
, 273

Dyhouse, Carol
, 72

Eagle, Angela
, 195

Earl, Mary
, 55

East London Federation of Suffragettes

foundation
, 39–42

expulsion from WSPU
, 41–42

deputation to Asquith
, 49–51, 67

campaigning for Universal suffrage
, 34–37, 39–42

Easter Rising 1916
, 108

East-Western Divan Orchestra, The
, 278

Easton, Carole
, 241

Education
, 24, 29, 37, 76, 93, 101, 122, 132, 133, 134, 149, 164, 201, 216, 232, 239, 241, 247, 248, 252, 260, 266, 280, 282, 287, 288, 289

Education Act (1870)
, 37

Edward Said
, 279

Election, ‘Flapper’
, 120

Eliot, George
, 280

Ellen, Kate

Emancipation Bill
, 118

Emin, Tracey
, 279

Employment Protection Act, The
, 165

Employment Tribunals

career damaging
, 265, 266

Humiliation of applicants

inadequate enforcement process
, 173

reluctance to take cases

Enforcement of legal rights

inadequate enforcement of 1970s Acts
, 251

no enforcement of 1919 Act
, 135

no enforcement of 1919 Commons Resolution
, 173, 118

Equal Educational opportunities
, 24, 76, 248

Equal Franchise Act 1918
, 118

Equal Pay

Commons Resolution 1919
, 118, 173

Equal Pay Act
, 2, 92, 134, 135, 163, 165, 173, 204, 227, 249, 250

Royal Commission on Equal Pay 1944
, 128

Ruskin Conference demand
, 76

secrecy of salaries
, 204–205

undertakings in First World War
, 126

War Cabinet
, 127, 173

Equality and inequality

at work
, 141, 143, 227–229

e. does not happen by accident
, 176–178

e. is‘good for business’
, 199

e. with men
, 4, 7, 70, 121, 123, 124, 248, 252, 253, 254, 286

in the home
, 224–227

policy Statements
, 208

something better than equality
, 252–254

Equality Act, The (2010)
, 229

Equality and Human Rights Commission
, 195, 284

European Union (EU)

Exeter Hall meeting
, 47–49

Fabian Women’s Group Survey
, 303n14

Fabian Women’s Network
, 291

Falklands War, The
, 132

Fallows, Heather
, 280

Family Allowances
, 89, 123, 130

Fascism
, 123

Fawcett Society, The
, 192, 227, 250, 269, 285, 290, 299n58, 307n20

Fawcett, Henry

Fawcett, Millicent

admires courage of hunger strikers
, 53

and equality
, 28

believes War work will change status of women permanently
, 114

compared to Emmeline Pankhurst
, 2

early life
, 43

exposes contradictions in position of Antis
, 35

funeral
, 118–119

generosity to suffragettes
, 43–44

holds high moral ground
, 62

inspired by J S Mill
, 306n12

leader of National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies
, 42, 48, 61, 65, 157, 162, 174

lives to see all women having vote
, 1, 28, 41, 42, 167

makes alliance with Labour Party
, 65

marriage
, 42

part of Establishment
, 42

personality
, 2, 43

presses case for suffrage during war
, 68

respected and loved by colleagues
, 40–41, 43

shields cause from consequences of campaign of arson and bombs
, 61

statue
, 1

Tributes
, 43

wide range of interests
, 44

women “thrown overboard” by Gladstone
, 32–34

Female leadership
, 256

Femininity
, 222–224

Feminism

and suffrage campaign
, 5–8, 28, 152, 153, 172, 174

and Women’s Liberation Movement

slurs
, 40

and young women
, 3, 6, 9, 141, 154

New Feminists
, 121, 123, 253, 286

radical feminists
, 95, 147, 235

Fifties, the (1950s)

Figes, Eva
, 87

Films

All Quiet on the Western Front
, 272

Brief Encounter
, 73

I, Daniel Blake
, 277

Poor Cow
, 273

Mon Oncle
, 276

Monsieur Hulot’s Holiday
, 276

Seven Brides for Seven Brothers
, 73

Suffragette
, 2

Finance Directors
, 200

Firestone, Shulamith
, 85

First World War

changes only temporary
, 114

expectations of change

Government Agents
, 113

home Front
, 129

legacy
, 115–117

motherhood first
, 225

return to domesticity
, 116

women’s work
, 116

Flexible working (see also Zero hours contracts)

control by managers
, 263

job sharing
, 262

potential advantages
, 260

rethinking work patterns
, 260

unpredictable hours
, 261–262

Football Association (FA), the
, 180

Ford strike at Dagenham 1968
, 74, 163

Foster, Chris
, 278

Fragility of gains by women
, 205–207

France, demonstrations in 1968
, 237

Franklin, Hugh
, 61

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke
, 68

Free Trade Hall
, 45

French Open Tennis
, 182

French, Marilyn
, 233

Friedan, Betty
, 74, 143

FTSE Cross Company Mentoring Programme
, 186

FTSE100
, 210

FTSE350
, 196

Fugard, Athol
, 12, 177

Further and Higher Education
, 247

Fury, Tyson
, 180

Garrett Anderson, Elizabeth
, 47, 81

Gavron, Hannah
, 82, 83, 300n19

Gay’s the Word bookshop
, 78

Gender Pay Gap (see also Equal Pay)

penalty of being a mother
, 264

secrecy of salaries
, 204–205

size of gap
, 134, 204–205

Gender roles (see also stereotypes)

General Election 1918
, 69

General Election 1929
, 109

General Strike
, 122

General Synod 1975
, 165

Gilpin, Sophie
, 275

‘Girls’ and ‘boys’
, 154

Girton College, Cambridge
, 102

Gladstone, Herbert
, 50

Gladstone, William

agricultural labourers
, 32–33

anxiety about women’s delicacy
, 38

helpful speeches
, 32

refusal to include women in 1884 Reform Bill
, 28

splits Liberal Party
, 34

Gladstone, Catherine: married to William Gladstone
, 36

Goldsmith’s University
, 80

Gore Booth, Eva
, 146, 147

Graessle, Lois
, 77, 287

Greenfield, Susan
, 231

Greenham Common Cruise missile site
, 133

Greer, Germaine
, 75, 87, 143, 159, 216, 301, 307

Greig, Tamsin
, 275

Grunwick strike
, 98

Guardian newspaper, The
, 25, 213, 216, 296n11, 296n12, 300n9, 300n21, 300n23, 307n1

Guilt felt by women
, 36, 51, 226

Hain, Peter
, 177

Hale, Dame Brenda
, 10, 195, 231, 295n12

Hall, Catherine
, 71, 92, 153, 287

Hamilton, Cicely
, 272

Hardie, Keir
, 18, 39–40, 46, 47, 59

Hardy, Mrs Emma: married to Thomas Hardy
, 18

Harman, Harriet
, 11, 14, 105, 110, 156, 157, 163, 176, 229, 231

Hart, Judith
, 304n31

Haverfield, Evelina
, 56

Hedley, Philip
, 281, 310n20

Higgs Review (2003), The
, 209

Hills Committee (1919), The
, 114

History Workshop
, 76, 90

Hobbs, May
, 97

Hobsbawm, Marlene
, 71

Holloway Prison
, 51

Holtby, Winifred
, 281

Home Rule for Ireland
, 34, 52

Honeyball, Mary
, 102

Hope, Bob
, 79, 172

Horner, Marina
, 223

Hoschild, Airlie
, 153, 224

House of Commons, lay out of
, 174

House of Lords
, 33, 34, 52, 118, 123, 135, 176

Housewives and housework
, 81–85

Howe, Elspeth
, 198

Hunger strikes
, 5, 52, 53, 58, 62, 63, 64, 67, 161

Hyde Park Demonstration of 1908

Chapter 2: passim

Hytner, Nicholas
, 287

Identity
, 8, 9, 92, 132, 140, 152, 232

Inclusion (see Diversity)

Independent Labour Party (ILP)
, 39

Infant Custody Act, The
, 30

Infant Welfare centres
, 81

Institute of Management Survey
, 257

International Marxist Group
, 76, 94

International Socialists
, 76

Internet
, 134, 191, 193, 206, 217, 219, 284, 292

Inverdale, John
, 180

Isle of Man
, 34

Jackie magazine
, 223

James, Ashleigh
, 104, 219

James, Selma
, 84, 85

Jarrow Crusade, The
, 125

Jewson, Dorothy
, 120

Jockey Club, The
, 135

Jones, Annabel
, 219

Jones, Dave
, 277

Jones, Susanna
, 86, 95

Joy
, 14–15, 17, 21, 239, 240, 252, 280

Kahlo, Freda
, 279

Kani, John
, 12

Kanter, Rosabeth Moss
, 224

Kelly, Jude
, 9, 231

Kennedy, Helena
, 136, 137, 230

Kennedy, Mary
, 98

Kenney, Annie
, 45, 46, 60, 62

King Alfred
, 8

Korosi, Melinda
, 243, 244

Labouchère, Henry
, 31, 297n12

Labour Party

annual Conference
, 175

Labour MPs
, 123, 127, 128, 129, 131, 176, 268

Leader
, 269

National Executive Committee
, 175

selection of candidates
, 270

Lads’ Mags’
, 133, 134

Lady Balfour
, 47

Lady Members’ Room
, 128

Lady Rhondda
, 123, 135

Lambeth Palace
, 13, 60

Lancet, The
, 54

Language, importance of
, 193

Lansbury, George
, 59, 160

Laws and public opinion
, 117–118

Lawson, Nigella
, 9

Layard, Richard
, 238

Learmonth, Katie
, 291

Lees, Beatriz
, 225

Legal Rights
, 29, 118, 137, 173–174, 242

Leigh, Mary
, 21, 51

Leninists
, 76, 92, 151

Lessing, Doris
, 233

Lessons from our history

Chapter 6: passim

awareness
, 140–145, 169, 177

democratic
, 142, 160–162

effective structure
, 157–159

equality does not happen by accident
, 176

landmarks
, 165

legal rights
, 173–174

lengthy campaign
, 157, 165

male resistance
, 170–173

objectives
, 145, 147–148, 159, 162, 163

political support
, 167, 174–176

power structures
, 169

publicity
, 142–143, 148, 166–169, 175, 177

resistance to change
, 152–155

victorious
, 139–140

women from all backgrounds
, 145, 147, 149

women in charge
, 155–156

women MPs
, 157, 170, 175, 176

Lewisham
, 292

Liberal Democrats
, 32, 45, 46, 51

Liberal Governments
, 32, 45, 46, 51

Liberating the spirit
, 12–13

Liddington, Jill and Nelson, Jill
, 146

Literature
, 272, 280–282

Littlewood, Joan
, 272, 273, 282

Lloyd George, David
, 46, 51, 52, 54, 58, 64, 167

Lloyd, Phillida

Loach, Ken
, 273, 277

Local activity
, 89, 140, 143

London School of Economics (LSE)
, 35

Lord Davies
, 198, 199, 200, 207, 257

Lorde, Audrey
, 99

Lords, House of
, 33, 34, 52, 118, 123, 135, 176

Louth
, 46

Lytton, Lady Constance
, 66

Lytton, Lord
, 54, 56, 58, 66

Macarthur, Mary
, 40, 108, 112, 116

MacDonald, Ramsay
, 123

Male attitudes

Chapter 7 passim

apprehensive in company of women
, 255–256

disengaged
, 184–187

entitlement
, 246

extent of commitment to gender equality
, 173–174, 207

private world of men
, 182–184

resistance
, 142, 152, 170, 171–173

use of power
, 256

Malvolia
, 275

Manifestos of political Parties
, 89

Man-Made: Why so few women are in positions of power
, 295n12, 304n30, 308n23

Maoists
, 22, 76, 151

March of the Women
, 270

Markievicz, Constance
, 108, 303n2

Mass-Observation Company
, 129

Maternity and motherhood

contact with work while on leave
, 264

disorientation
, 105

financial and career penalties
, 265

leave
, 155

loss of position
, 202

right to time off
, 201, 260

transition back to work
, 202

Welfare benefits
, 125

Mattinson, Deborah
, 241, 291

May, Theresa
, 110, 196, 205, 229, 231

McKenna, Reginald (Home Secretary)
, 63

McRobbie, Angela
, 223, 288, 307n15

Means Test
, 121, 122

Media
, 12, 134, 136, 158, 159, 168, 183, 190, 195, 196, 206, 217, 245, 268, 280, 285, 291

Megson, Christine
, 291

Merit principle
, 209–211

Metcalfe, Jean
, 73

Michelmore, Cliff
, 73

Militancy

arson
, 59–61, 160

bombs
, 59–61, 160

chaining to railings and grilles
, 13

challenging police
, 18

chasing politicians
, 45

cutting telegraph lines
, 60

damage to property
, 51, 59

disrupting meetings
, 166

elections, involvement in
, 39

slashing paintings
, 123

window smashing
, 5, 58, 166

Mill, John Stuart
, 27, 37, 47, 104, 156, 161, 171, 174, 194, 287

Miller, Maria
, 105

Miller, Paul
, 274

Millett, Kate
, 75

Mills and Boon
, 73

Misogyny
, 190–193

extent of
, 192

internalised in women
, 191–192

source of, in men
, 192

Mitchell, Hannah
, 45, 155, 156

Mosley, Oswald
, 123

Mostyn, Joy
, 81

Monstrous Regiment
, 233, 273

Morgan, Robin
, 75, 87, 301n30, 301n35, 310n31

Morisot, Berthe
, 279

Morley, John
, 32

Morrison, Herbert
, 127

Morrison, Toni
, 100

Moss, Zoe
, 86

Mosse, Martha
, 10, 295n13

Mostyn, Joy
, 81

Motherhood
, 76, 225

Moyes, David
, 179, 180, 181, 182, 184

Mud March
, 47, 48

Munitions factories, work in
, 72, 113, 115

Nash, Kate
, 10, 295n14

National Council for Civil Liberties (NCCL)
, 175

National Federation of Women Workers
, 40

National Gallery
, 59, 123

National Health Service, The
, 81

National Joint Action Campaign Committee for Women’s Equal Rights
, 175

National Organisation of Women
, 74

National Unemployed Workers’ Movement
, 122

National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (see Suffrage Societies)

National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship, The
, 111, 120, 162, 253

Nazis
, 124

Necati, Yas
, 103

Nevinson, Henry
, 67

New Liberation Campaign

Confederation
, 291

Democratic
, 288

increasing cooperation between campaign groups
, 296

organising for the future
, 288

role of Fawcett Society
, 291

successes, celebrating
, 87

women from all backgrounds
, 145–151

women in charge
, 161–162

New Yorker magazine
, 3

New, Edith
, 21, 51

Newham
, 282

Newson, John

Nicaragua
, 95

Night Cleaners’ Campaign
, 97

Nightingale, Florence
, 30, 70

North West England
, 146

Norway
, 110, 258, 259

Nottingham Castle
, 62

Novels

Middlemarch
, 281

1984
, 281

Prince Cinders
, 280

Princess Smartypants
, 280

South Riding
, 281

Ntshona, Winston
, 12

Nurseries 24 Hour
, 24, 76, 93, 132, 164

O’Grady, Frances
, 231

O’Keeffe, Georgia
, 279

O’Neill, Louise
, 232

O’Sullivan, Sue
, 77

Oakley, Ann
, 83, 84, 88, 104, 143, 234, 300n20, 301n24, 301n37, 302n67, 303n75, 307n19, 308n28

Office of National Statistics
, 204, 224

Open Door Council
, 121, 124, 253

Operation Yewtree
, 192

Opportunity 2000 and Opportunity Now
, 198

Oppression, Triple
, 99

Orange Tree Theatre
, 274

Orbach, Susie
, 286, 309n13, 309n1, 310n22, 310n24, 310n29

Orwell, George
, 281, 310n19

Owen, Ursula
, 78

Owen, Wilfred
, 272

Oxted Station
, 59

Pangloss
, 237

Pankhurst, Adele
, 299n68

Pankhurst, Christabel

anti-men

at 1908 demonstration
, 166

attitude to the War
, 74

death
, 48

dispute with Ada Neild Chew
, 152

disrupts Liberal meetings
, 44–45

emigration to US
, 112

expulsion of Sylvia Pankhurst
, 66

flight to France
, 62

greater control of WSPU
, 44

imprisonment
, 52

increase in power
, 130

organiser for WSPU in London
, 46

Paris meeting with Emmeline Pankhurst
, 62–63

repositions WSPU politically
, 62–63

Second Adventist movement
, 112

Snobbery
, 149

The Scourge
, 63

“votes for women and chastity for men,”63

white feather campaign
, 68

Pankhurst, Emmeline

autocratic leadership
, 42

conspiracy trial
, 58

contempt for other suffrage societies
, 161

early years
, 43

elegance
, 38

exhaustion
, 161

expulsion of Sylvia from WSPU
, 66

forms WSPU
, 157

funeral
, 119

hunger strikes
, 5

Hyde Park demonstration
, 19, 50

ILP, and
, 39

Imprisonment
, 58

Keir Hardie, and
, 46

law-makers, speech
, 51

lesson of 1884 Reform Act
, 33

marriage
, 39

move to London
, 46

no credit allowed to Millicent Fawcett
, 42–43

orders greater militancy
, 68

outsider
, 42

Paris meeting with Christabel
, 59

Pragmatism
, 62

repudiates Sylvia for her pacifism
, 21

single-mindedness
, 42

statue
, 1

support for War

Truces, the (suspensions of Militancy)
, 56

universal suffrage, attitude to
, 40

Vote is “desperate necessity,”
, 29

Pankhurst, E Sylvia

criticism of Christabel
, 63

disagreement with Margaret Bondfield
, 40

East London Federation, and
, 63

expulsion from WSPU
, 66

forcibly fed
, 5

Hyde Park Demonstration

Imprisoned
, 67

Keir Hardie, and
, 18

opposes policy of greater violence

organises deputation to Asquith
, 67

Socialist
, 66

universal suffrage, and

Parliament

Parliament Square
, 1, 21, 48, 55

Penny, Laurie
, 141, 304n1

Pethick-Lawrence, Emmeline
, 46, 108, 166

Pethick-Lawrence, Frederick
, 59, 160

Petitions
, 31, 34, 142, 177

Phillips, Marion
, 303n7

Physical abuse
, 6, 9, 96, 144

Pickles, Wilfred
, 73

Pioneers
, 2, 9, 15, 105, 287

Pizzey, Erin
, 96

Plater, Alan
, 282

Plymouth Sound
, 109

Police

Behaviour on Black Friday
, 55–56

Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police
, 231

and Crown Prosecution Service
, 193

police brutality
, 66

mounted police
, 48, 51, 55, 56, 172

Political support
, 174–175, 268

Politics through television drama
, 277

Pornography
, 218–220

availability
, 218

effect on young men
, 219–220

effect on women
, 219–220

Potter (Webb), Beatrice
, 35

Power

abuse of
, 193–194

ambivalence about p.

exercising
, 256

sharing p.
, 255–257

structures of p.
, 169–171

Prague Spring
, 74

Prebble, Lucy
, 274

President of the Board of Trade
, 125

Pressures
, 101, 131, 141, 231–234

Primrose League
, 36, 37

Princip, Gavrilo
, 68

Prison
, 5, 21, 30, 43, 51–52, 53, 58, 61, 62, 64, 66, 67, 108, 119, 123, 149, 160, 161, 243, 275

Prisoners’ Temporary Discharge for Ill-Health Act
, 64

Private relationships
, 226

Protection
, 6, 7, 29, 62, 217, 242–244, 264

Proudman, Charlotte
, 141

Public Agency
, 249, 250, 251

Public sector appointments
, 259

Public/private

Publicity
, 166–169

importance of
, 166

ingenuity of Suffragettes
, 166

Women’s Liberation Movement creates its own media
, 168

Queen Victoria
, 35

Quotas
, 258

Radical suffragists
, 44, 147

Rape
, 6, 134, 191, 193, 217, 242, 243, 245, 246, 247, 284

Rape Crisis (England and Wales)
, 243

Rathbone, Eleanor
, 121, 123, 124, 161, 212, 304n21

Raving Beauties, The
, 233

Raymond, Janice
, 88, 90, 91, 292, 301n34, 301n42, 301n46, 311n34

Recruitment practices
, 209

Red Ladder
, 273

Reddish, Sarah
, 146

Redgrave, Vanessa
, 231

Reform Act (1832)
, 50

Reform Act (1869)
, 30

Reform Act (1884)

Reform Act (1918), see Representation of the People Act (1918)

Revolution and reform

Refuges
, 217, 245

Representation of the People Act (1918)

acceptance by suffrage societies
, 108

Asquith’s change of mind

criticism of discrimination in Act

need to extend franchise to soldiers

Royal Assent
, 1, 69

Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928

long delayed
, 118

no longer controversial
, 109

voting rights for all adult women

Resistance to change
, 152–155

Revolution or reform

Richardson, Mary
, 123

Ringrose, Jessica
, 288

Robbins Report, The
, 164

Roberts, Elizabeth
, 12, 278

Roberts, Roberts

Robinson, Elizabeth
, 272

Rokeby Venus
, 59, 123

Romain, Ricky
, 280

Roper, Esther
, 146

Rosen, Michael
, 280

Rosenfeld Deborah & Stacey, Judith
, 310n32

Rowbotham, Sheila
, 4, 11, 22, 71, 76, 80, 87, 89, 90, 95, 96, 97, 105, 124, 141, 143, 144, 150, 164, 188, 226, 235, 254, 287, 296n10, 300n15, 301n38, 301n41, 301n44, 302n50, 304n19, 304n22, 304n25, 304n27, 304n29, 306n8

Rowntree, Seebohm
, 121

Royal Commission Minority Report
, 35

Royal Court Theatre
, 12

Royal National Theatre, The
, 275, 287

Ruddock, Joan
, 105, 110

Rudman, Laurie & Glick, Peter
, 226

Ruskin Conference (1970)
, 76–79, 93, 132, 133, 163, 248, 302n56

Russell, Dora
, 78, 120, 123, 124

Salisbury, Lord
, 34

Sandberg, Sheryl
, 92, 307n16

Savage, Wendy
, 231

Saville, Jimmy
, 192

Savoy Hotel
, 149

Savoy, Mrs
, 67

Scotland
, 46, 121, 205

Scottish Independence
, 205

Scudamore, Richard
, 180

Sealy, Ruth
, 228, 229, 295n9, 308n21

Second Adventist movement
, 112

Second World War
, 125–127

conscription
, 126

Home Front
, 129

legacy
, 129–131

mobilisation
, 129

women workers
, 112–115

Segal, Lynne
, 4, 11, 15, 80, 87, 88, 89, 94, 143, 237, 239, 287, 292, 295n15, 308n3, 311n35

Sex Discrimination (Removal) Act (1919)
, 117, 118, 135, 241

Sex Discrimination Act (1975)
, 3, 93, 134, 135, 165, 173, 227, 249, 250

Sexism

Chapter 7 passim

in orchestras

sexist language
, 211

Sexual abuse

causes
, 193

Everyday Sexism
, 144, 193

examples in Sport
, 180–182

imbalance of power
, 194

Sexual assaults
, 245–248

briefing sessions
, 192, 214

Historical abuse
, 193

in universities
, 213

incidence of
, 246

issue of consent
, 246

use of power
, 248

Shadow Sports Minister
, 180

Shaw, George Bernard
, 18, 49

Showalter, Elaine
, 289

Shrew
, 77

Siddiqui, Hannana
, 217

Silver Moon Bookshop
, 78

Sinn Fein
, 108

Sittenfeld, Curtis
, 221, 307n12

Six Point Group
, 123, 124

Sixties, the (1960s)

Skegness
, 95

Smethers, Sam
, 250, 269, 290

Smethwick
, 108, 111

Smith, Samuel
, 38

Smith, Joan
, 217

Snobbery
, 149

SNP
, 176, 205, 283

Social media
, 134, 190, 206, 217, 280, 291

Socialism
, 235

Socialist Workers Party
, 94

Sociology
, 83, 99, 232, 233

Solidarity
, 22, 78, 87, 88, 149, 164, 284, 285, 289, 290–293

Somme, The
, 272

Sontag Susan
, 289, 290

South Africa
, 12, 43

South Africa House
, 177

Southall Black Sisters
, 100, 217, 302n62

Spanish Armada
, 109

Spare Rib
, 77, 159, 165

Spare Tyre
, 233, 273

Sparks, Vicki
, 179, 181

Speaker, The
, 57, 58, 258, 269

Speaker’s Conference
, 69, 269

Spender, Dale
, 78, 85, 104, 227

Spoor, Ben
, 118

Spring Rice, Margery
, 81, 82, 84

Springbok rugby tour
, 177

St John’s Westminster
, 59

St Martin’s in the Fields
, 59

Standard Bank
, 200

Stereotypes
, 8, 226, 240, 280

Stock Exchange
, 196, 258

Stonebridge
, 108

Stott, Mary
, 25, 119, 286, 287, 296n12, 304n16, 310n23

Stalling of the revolution

Chapter 5: passim

stalling after 1928
, 149

stalling after 1980
, 78

Strangeways gaol
, 45

Sturgeon, Nicola
, 205, 206

Suffrage Societies

aims of Suffrage Societies

campaign in advance of 1884 Reform Act

The First Suffrage Society raised petition presented by J S Mill

held 4000 meetings to put pressure on Asquith

increase in Societies after 1869 Act

lobbying individual MPs

Manchester Society (latterly the North of England Society)
, 146

National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies
, 42, 48, 61, 65, 157, 162, 174

suffrage societies have many prominent women members
, 61, 97

weakness of Private Members’ Bills
, 31

Suffragettes (see also WSPU)

“Army in the field,”
, 41, 160

centralised control

colours (Purple, green and white)
, 23

differences from suffragists
, 44

membership conditions

origin of name
, 44

Sugar, Alan
, 202

Summerskill, Edith
, 110, 127, 128, 129

Sun newspaper, The
, 134

Sunderland Football Club
, 179

Supremacy of men
, 169

Supreme Court
, 10, 195, 231

Tate Modern
, 279

Tate, Mavis
, 127

Tati, Jacques
, 276

Taylor, Harriet
, 28

Taylor, Hazel
, 101

Television and Radio

Archers The
, 278

Benny Hill Show
, 3

Broadchurch
, 277

Cathy Come Home
, 277

GBH
, 277

Housewives’ Choice
, 73

Mrs Dale’s Diary
, 73

Up the Junction
, 273

Tesco
, 207

Test Matches
, 177

Textile and wool workers
, 44, 47, 116, 146, 147

Thames
, 18

Thatcher, Margaret
, 6, 110, 111, 132, 133, 231

Theatre

A Taste of Honey
, 273

Oh What a Lovely War
, 272

Siswe Banzi is Dead
, 12

The Island
, 12

Twelfth Night
, 275

All women Shakespeare trilogy

Beryl and the Perils
, 233

Cunning Stunts
, 233, 272

innovative Theatre

Malvolia
, 275

Sensible footwear
, 154

Theatre Royal Dublin
, 59

Theatre Royal Stratford East
, 281

Third leap forward
, 6

Thirties (1930s), the

Thomas, Heidi
, 275

Thomson, Peninah
, 186

Thom, Deborah
, 115, 303n9, 303n11

Tichenor, Veronica Jarvis
, 8, 295n10

Time and Tide
, 119, 123, 304n18

Time off
, 187, 201, 260, 261

Times newspaper, The
, 20

TNT
, 115

Towns women’s Guilds
, 124

Trade Unions
, 40, 44, 79, 97, 113, 114, 115, 133, 146, 149, 150, 151, 175, 284, 285, 286

Trades Union Congress (TUC)
, 34

Trafalgar Square
, 22, 23, 24, 25, 47

Transport and General Workers Union (TGWU)
, 97

Travelling Community
, 181

Trump, Donald
, 194, 281

Trust
, 31, 88, 92, 142, 144, 181, 224, 226, 241, 279, 285

Truth, Sojourner
, 99

Tuke, ‘Pansy’
, 58

Turner prize, The
, 279

Tutchell, Suzy
, 280

Tweets and trolling
, 191, 281

Tweedie, Jill
, 22, 85, 90, 220, 296n11

Twenties (1920s), the

Two Way Family Favourites
, 73

UN International Year for Women
, 165

United Suffragists, The
, 65, 68, 69

Universities and Colleges
, 246, 247

Universal Suffrage
, 40, 57, 69, 72, 120, 147, 156, 161, 163

Utopia
, 237–240, 252, 253, 256, 286, 293

Utopian
, 8, 242, 253, 266, 268, 282

Valadon, Suzanne
, 279

Varnish, Jess
, 182

Veale, Sarah
, 218, 284, 292

Verebes, Miklos
, 243

Victoria Park
, 67

Victories
, 3, 5, 15, 133, 140, 165, 267, 293

Vine, Sarah
, 206

Violence
, 6, 21, 55, 56, 60, 61, 62, 65, 66, 89, 96, 100, 101, 167, 216, 218, 242, 243, 244–245, 284

Violence in the home (see domestic violence)

Virago Books
, 78

Visual arts
, 279

Voltaire
, 237, 271, 308n1

Votes for Women campaign

Chapter 3: passim

all women finally get the vote
, 102

Amendment rejected

Asquith changes his mind

Asquith’s opposition

Black Friday
, 55–56

campaign of destruction
, 59

Cat and Mouse Act
, 64

Conciliation Bills
, 54, 67, 69

death of Emily Wilding Davison
, 65

deputation to PM
, 147

Disraeli’s neglect

East London deputation
, 66–68

forcible feeding
, 53–54

Gladstone’s change of mind

hunger strikes
, 62, 161

Hyde Park Demonstration
, 24

imprisonment

new militancy

partial victory

Petition
, 27

role of suffrage societies

Suffrage societies grow

War

WSPU formed

WAAF
, 126

Wade, Laura
, 274

Wages Councils
, 264

Wainwright, Sally
, 275

Walker, Alice
, 100

Walker, Sophie
, 283

Walter, Natasha
, 284

Walters, Julie
, 245

Walton Heath
, 64, 167

Wandor, Michelene
, 71, 287

War Cabinet
, 127, 135, 173

War Requiem
, 272

War Industries Board, The
, 152

Ward Mrs Humphrey
, 35, 152

Ward, Irene
, 110

Waterloo Bridge
, 127

Welfare State, The
, 130, 131

Wells, H.G
, 18

West, Nicholas
, 180

Westminster Abbey
, 59

Westminster Hall
, 27

What women need
, 7, 14, 121, 254

Whitechapel
, 56

Whitworth, David
, 272, 274

Wigmore Hall
, 271

Wilding Davison, Emily
, 64–66

death
, 65

funeral
, 65

militancy

Wilkinson, Ellen
, 102, 110, 120, 123, 124, 125, 130, 231, 304n23

Williams, Shirley
, 105, 110, 231

Wilson, Amrit
, 99

Wise, Audrey
, 71

Wollstonecraft, Mary
, 85, 222, 223, 301n27, 307n13

Woman’s Parliament

Women and Equalities Committee
, 105, 269

Women from all backgrounds
, 145–151, 282, 284

Women in Charge
, 155–156

Women in Parliament
, 107–111, 205, 268, 284

“Women Libbers,”
, 168

Women MPs
, 7, 109, 110, 128, 137, 157, 170, 175–176, 196, 268, 269, 270, 282, 285

Women’s Active service Corps
, 68

Women’s Anti-Suffrage Society
, 35, 152

Women’s Centres
, 276

Women’s clothes
, 3, 120, 136, 152, 206

Women’s Cooperative Guild
, 124, 146

Women’s Equality Party
, 268

Women’s Freedom League
, 41, 160

Women’s Institute
, 124

Women’s Liberal Federation
, 36, 37

Women’s Liberation Movement

Chapter 4 passim

“silence to expression”
, 78

achievements
, 78

aims of the Movement
, 83

burden of housework
, 81–85

campaigning
, 60

domestic violence
, 96

feminism
, 9–11

Greer, Morgan, Millet and de Beauvoir
, 75

identity

legacy
, 92–96

life in the fifties

local action
, 133

loneliness
, 82, 84

opposition to wives working
, 83

political divisions

putting “women back into history”
, 71

raising awareness
, 140–145

Ruskin Conference
, 76–81

sisterhood
, 85–90

small groups
, 79

the 4 Demands
, 93

unstructured meetings
, 91

white middle class
, 97

women’s centres
, 88, 89, 96, 97, 143

Women’s Parliaments
, 128

Women’s Party, The
, 111

Women’s Power Committee
, 128, 129

Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU)
, 39–42

a family party
, 44, 46

accused of being only for ladies
, 97

admired by Millicent Fawcett
, 41

autocratic structure
, 42

campaign of violence
, 65–66

Christabel assumes leadership
, 42

conspiracy charge
, 58

Demands political status for prisoners
, 52

disbands in 1917
, 108, 305n16

end of Militancy

excluded working class women
, 148

formed
, 39

Funded by the Pethick- Lawrences
, 60

Improves efficiency

members called suffragettes
, 44

move to London
, 46

offices raided
, 65

organises Hyde Park demonstration
, 50

Pethick-Lawrences leave
, 65

repositioned politically

Rush of Parliament
, 51

splits
, 160

Sylvia Pankhurst expelled
, 42

Truces
, 56, 57

Wood, Victoria
, 276, 277

Woodall MP, William
, 23

Woolf, Virginia
, 124, 270, 289, 309n6, 310n28

Woolmore, Annie
, 30

Working together
, 110, 197, 235, 285, 290

Working Woman’s Charter
, 89

Workplace inequality

WRNS
, 126

Wurtenbaker, Timberlake
, 274

Yale University
, 102

Yorkshire Post, The
, 281

Young Women’s Trust, The
, 241

Ypres
, 272

Zangwill, Israel
, 18, 48

Zeitgeist
, 232, 280

Zero hours contracts
, 252, 263