Index

Citation

Ross, P.K., Ressia, S. and Sander, E.J. (2017), "Index", Work in the 21st Century (The Changing Context of Managing People), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78714-577-120171015

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2017 Emerald Publishing Limited

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INDEX

Academic attention

, 6

“Acceptance” rates

, 125

Activity-based working

, 8

Affiliated worker

, 43

Aggregator governance model

, 99, 100

Agility

, 60, 63, 66

AI. See Artificial intelligence (AI)

Algorithmic management

, 122, 125, 150

Alphabet Inc.

, 4

Amazon

, 53, 64–65, 128

Amazon Go

, 127

Amazon Mechanical Turk platform

, 96, 100

Apple

, 4, 11, 118

Apps

, 54

App-based games

, 57–58

development and sales

, 55

iTunes App store

, 54

Arbitrator governance model

, 99–100

Artificial intelligence (AI)

, 49, 96, 113, 126, 140, 146

algorithms

, 151

invited customers

, 126

social and labor market impacts

, 129–133

Teamsters union

, 127

UBI

, 133–137

See also Cloud computing

Australian employees

, 22

Australian Federal government unemployment agency

, 134

Automation

, 113, 126–135, 151

Autonomy

, 25–26

BAG. See Born-again global (BAG)

“Balanced” workplace environment

, 7

“Basic economic security”

, 134, 152

Basic Income Earth Network

, 133

Big data

, 114–118

algorithms

, 140

analytics

, 126

See also Cloud computing

Bladerunner (movie)

, 113–114

Born global

, 51, 58–59

Born-again global (BAG)

, 51, 58–59

“Born-global” firms

, 50, 58

BPO. See Business process outsourcing (BPO)

Breakout! project

, 9–10

British Labour Party

, 118

Business environment

, 75–77

Business environment and institutions

, 75–77

Business Intelligence

, 114

Business process outsourcing (BPO)

, 88, 92

center

, 102–103

firms

, 102

services

, 130

Captive governance modes

, 89–90, 102

Captive offshoring models

, 101

Captive offshoring practices

, 102

Chief Information Officers (CIOs)

, 51

Claimed coworking center

, 145

Cloud

Apps

, 58

cloud-supported business strategies

, 52

cloud-supported ICT workplace collaborative tools

, 19

cloud-supported OEL models

, 88

collaborative technologies

, 62

collaborative tools

, 87

communication tools

, 19–20

connectivity technologies

, 70

drivers

, 53–55

as facilitator of change

, 139–140

ICTs

, 53, 140

platforms

, 140

products and services

, 52–53

project management firm

, 19

services

, 19, 117, 140, 147

software applications

, 54

technologies

, 49, 147

See also Human Cloud

Cloud computing

, 52, 89, 93, 147

born global vs. born again global

, 58–59

challenges

, 63–65

characteristics

, 50

cloud drivers

, 53–55

innovation and collaboration

, 61–63

reduced entry and opportunity costs

, 59–61

services

, 117

technologies

, 50, 69, 139

See also Big data

Cloudcube

, 62–63

Collaboration

, 11–12, 61–63

Collaborative

coworking centers

, 40

focused work

, 145–146

ICT-supported programs

, 19–20

pressures

, 11–12

Collective intelligence

, 61

“Core business”

, 55

Cost reductions

, 53–54

Coworker

, 36

“champion”

, 41

sharing knowledge

, 42–43

Coworking

, 33

as alternative to teleworking from home

, 41–43

centers

, 38, 145, 146

“community”

, 37

differing coworking center characteristics

, 39

good neighbors vs. good partners

, 40

between home and office

, 35

ICT

, 36

influential coworking centers

, 36

“Manifesto”

, 34

“precarious work”

, 38

rise of

, 34

Creative destruction process

, 56

“Cross pollination”

, 37

Crowdfunding

, 93, 95

Crowdsourcing

, 62, 93

Culture

, 30–31, 73–75

“Cyberslacking”

, 22, 32

Data analytic techniques

, 136

Data analytics

, 118–126

algorithmic management

, 122

data, information flows, and evidence-based decision-making

, 120

human welfare recipients

, 123

PAPT

, 122

“self-employed” work

, 125

top-down controlling tool

, 121

See also Big data

“Data bureaucrats”

, 123

Data driven management (DDM)

, 113, 119, 150

“Data janitors”

, 107–108

“Data matching system”

, 123

DDM. See Data driven management (DDM)

Decision-making

, 28, 119

algorithmic management

, 122, 125

data, information flows, and evidence-based decision-making

, 120

human welfare recipients

, 123

PAPT

, 122

“self-employed” work

, 125

top-down controlling tool

, 121

Designing workplaces

, 8

Dichotomy

, 70, 73–74, 142–143, 145

Digital divide

, 80–82, 83

Digital economy

, 113–114

“Digital natives”

, 50

Disaster recovery as a service (DRaaS)

, 53

Disruptive innovation

, 52

Dreaded open plan office

, 142

“Dual-earner” arrangement

, 17

Dynamic social interactions

, 29

Economic behavior

, 129

Economists

, 134

Email

, 22, 53, 55, 102, 143

Employees

, 8–9, 11, 27

autonomy

, 26–27

well-being and productivity enhancement

, 12–14

Employment

practices

, 33

UK employment tribunal

, 125

US manufacturing employment

, 131

Entrepreneurs

, 49

Entrepreneurship

, 49, 51, 52, 70–73, 146–147

born global vs. born again global

, 58–59

as empowering

, 78

female migrants

, 80

ICT accessment and digital divide

, 80–82

labor market challenges

, 78

NEIS

, 79

and innovation

, 55–58

innovation and collaboration

, 61–63

limitations to

, 73

business environment and institutions

, 75–77

gender, ethnicity, and culture

, 73–75

human and social capital

, 77–78

reduced entry and opportunity costs

, 59–61

Entrepreneurship Program for Innovation in the Caribbean (EPIC)

, 82

Escalating citizenship

, 11–12, 146

“Establishment chain” theory of internationalization

, 58

Ethnicity

, 73–75

European Agency for Safety and Health at Work

, 4

“Evidence-based decisions”

, 150

“Evidence-based” decision-making

, 119

Facilitator governance model

, 99

“Federated work space”

, 40

Firms

, 18–19, 142, 147

“Flexibility”

, 18, 30, 63

Free addressing/hot desking

, 8

French government’s

, 143

French union

, 22

GEM. See Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)

Gender

, 73–75

Geographical proximity

, 17

“mobile” workforce

, 19–20

NWW, work/life balance, and well-being

, 25–31

NWW framework

, 18

telework and flexible work practices

, 20–25

GFC. See Global financial crisis (GFC)

Gig economy

, 93, 106, 125, 148

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)

, 55–56

Global financial crisis (GFC)

, 105

Global growth of coworking center membership

, 34

Global markets

, 57

“Global technical competence”

, 50

Global virtual labor markets (GVLMs)

, 18, 87, 143

cloud-based collaborative tools

, 87–88

human Cloud and OEL

, 93–105

outsourcing and offshoring context

, 89–93

and rise of machines

, 147–153

social impacts of

, 106–111

social impacts of changes

, 88–89

See also Labor market(s)

“Good neighbors” model

, 40

“Good partners” model

, 40–41

Google

, 53, 64–65, 114, 118

Google Drive’s Cloud storage service (2012)

, 117

Governments

, 110, 146–147

actions

, 141

regional governments

, 44

Governor platform

, 99, 100

Greenpeace

, 94

Ground-breaking project

, 9–10

GVLMs. See Global virtual labor markets (GVLMs)

Henry Ford West Bloomfield Hospital in Detroit

, 14

HITs. See Human intelligence tasks (HITs)

Home-based teleworkers

, 41

“Hot desk” space

, 34

“Hot-desking” arrangements

, 42

Human capital

, 77–78

Human Cloud

, 87, 93, 140, 148

Amazon Mechanical Turk platform

, 96–97, 100

crowdsourcing

, 93–94

environment

, 149

governance arrangements

, 98–99

governance structures

, 148

Human Cloud-based platforms

, 148

LEGO

, 94–95

theme of reports

, 95–96

transaction costs

, 97–98

Human intelligence tasks (HITs)

, 96

“Hybrid third way” model

, 101, 148–149

“Hybrid” Clouds

, 53

IaaS. See Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Information and communication technologies (ICTs)

, 18, 20, 27–29, 36, 52, 70, 87, 92, 130, 142–143

accessment

, 80–82

cloud-based

, 140

collaborative ICT-supported programs

, 19–20

developments

, 143

ICT-mediated working relationships

, 61–62

ICT-supported workplace collaborative technologies

, 21–22

ICT-supported workplace collaborative tools

, 21, 27–29

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

, 52–53

Innovation

, 33, 55–58, 61–63

Intellectual property (IP)

, 62, 97, 116

Intensification

, 24

iTunes App store

, 54

Job cuts

, 28–29

Kickstarter (internet-based crowdfunding sites)

, 62–63, 95

Knowledge process outsourcing (KPO)

, 92

Labor market(s)

, 139

disenfranchisement

entrepreneurship as empowering

, 78–82

limitations to entrepreneurship

, 73–78

SMEs

, 69

women, migrants, and entrepreneurship

, 70–73

themes

, 141

changing work environment

, 142–146

entrepreneurship and self-employment

, 146–147

GVLMS and rise of machines

, 147–153

Labor process theory (LPT)

, 28–29, 121

Large-scale unemployment

, 152

LEGO

, 94–95

‘Luddites’

, 150–151

M&As. See Mergers and acquisitions (M&As)

Managed service platforms

, 148

Management leadership

, 28

Mass self-communication

, 94

Mergers and acquisitions (M&As)

, 59

Micro-globalism

, 101

Microclusters, coworking centers

, 37

Microsoft

, 64–65, 118

Migrant(s)

, 70–73

contribution of migrant entrepreneurial activity

, 72–73

“Minority Report”

, 124

“Mixed embeddedness theory”

, 76

MNEs. See Multi-national enterprises (MNEs)

Mobile

workers

, 19

workforce

, 19–20

Moor’s law

, 116–117

Multi-national enterprises (MNEs)

, 50

National labor laws

, 107

National Security Agency (NSA)

, 63

Natural environments, working in

, 10–11

NEIS. See New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS)

NESB. See Non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB)

Netflix

, 56–57

“Network Hub”

, 37

New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS)

, 79

New ways of working framework (NWW framework)

, 18, 25

culture

, 30–31

organization and management

, 29–30

physical workspace

, 26–27

technical vs. operational issues

, 27–29

Next generation sequencing techniques (NGS techniques)

, 117

“Next generation” entrepreneurs

, 50

NGS techniques. See Next generation sequencing techniques (NGS techniques)

Non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB)

, 71

Noncollaborative coworking centers

, 39

NSA. See National Security Agency (NSA)

NWW framework. See New ways of working framework (NWW framework)

Occupational health and safety (OH&S)

, 41

OECD

, 71, 73, 74, 75, 119, 129

Offshore employee leasing (OEL)

, 87, 93, 101–105, 148–149

Offshoring context

, 89–93

OH&S. See Occupational health and safety (OH&S)

“One-size-fits-all” approach

, 24

“Online Outsourcing”

, 95

Open innovation frameworks”

, 62

Open service platforms

, 148

“Open space” offices

, 35

Open-plan

office designs

, 7

offices

, 8

workplace

, 7–8, 11

Open-source software

, 62

Operational issues, ICTS

, 27–29

Organization(s)

, 5–6, 8, 21–22, 25, 26, 28, 143

and management

, 29–30

Outsourced governance modes

, 89–91

Outsourcing context

, 89–93

Oxford Economics

, 7–8

PaaS. See Platform as a service (PaaS)

Patient Admission Prediction Tool (PAPT)

, 122

“Pay-on-demand”

cloud-based ICT model

, 59

ICT model

, 54, 147

PEOs. See Professional Employer Organisations (PEOs)

Physical comfort

, 12

Physical environment

, 4

Physical infrastructure

, 142

Physical work environment

, 4

changing

, 142

and spatial design

, 5–11

Physical workspace

, 26–27

Platform as a service (PaaS)

, 52–53

“Platform worker” typology

, 88

Pop-up tree office in London

, 10

Private activities

, 144

“Private” clouds

, 53

Professional Employer Organisations (PEOs)

, 102, 148–149

“Public” clouds

, 53

Qualitative processes

, 120

Quantitative process

, 120

Reappraisal

, 12

Refuge spaces

, 13

Research and development activities (R&D activities)

, 60

“Reshoring”

, 130–131, 151–153

“Right to disconnect” law

, 22

SaaS. See Software as a service (SaaS)

“Satellite office spaces”

, 34

Scalability

, 53–54, 59, 66

Science, Information Technology, Innovation and Arts (SITIA)

, 50–51

Segmented office

, 8–9

Self-employed

basis

, 38, 145

freelancers

, 35

internet platform

, 148

work

, 125

workers

, 50

Self-employment

, 146–147

Self-managed outsourcing

, 60–61, 90, 98, 100, 104

governance model

, 98, 104

Selgas-Cano office

, 10–11

Service level agreements (SLAs)

, 64, 91, 98, 101–102

SIA. See Staffing Industry Analysts (SIA)

Silicon Valley

, 37

SITIA. See Science, Information Technology, Innovation and Arts (SITIA)

SLAs. See Service level agreements (SLAs)

Small and medium size enterprises (SMEs)

, 69, 147

cloud computing and entrepreneurship

, 52–63

cloud computing challenges

, 63–65

entrepreneurship

, 49, 50

ICT-focused organizations

, 51

Smart phones

, 18, 54

SMEs. See Small and medium size enterprises (SMEs)

Social and labor market impacts

, 129–133

Social capital

, 77–78

Social function

, 33

Social interaction

, 21, 29, 37, 39

Social ramifications

, 110

Software as a service (SaaS)

, 52–53

Solitude

, 13

Spatial design

, 4–5

physical work environment and

, 5

academic attention

, 6

activity-based working

, 8

open-plan workplace

, 7–8

segmented office

, 8–9

third places/public realm

, 9–11

Spinuzzi analyses

, 40

“Staff leasing” arrangements

, 88

Staffing Industry Analysts (SIA)

, 96

Stand-up desks

, 13

Tablets

, 34, 52, 54, 57–58, 66, 81, 102, 143

Teamsters union

, 127

Technical issues, ICTS

, 27–29

Technological proximity

, 17, 61–62

“mobile” workforce

, 19–20

NWW, work/life balance, and well-being

, 25–31

NWW framework

, 18

telework and flexible work practices

, 20–25

Telco

, 41

Telework

, 142–143

arrangements

, 143

and flexible work practices

, 20

employee and employer benefits of

, 23

ICT-supported workplace collaborative tools

, 21

organizations

, 21–22

women workers

, 22, 24–25

Teleworker(s)

, 21, 34–35, 36, 145

affiliated

, 44

British Telecom

, 24

cohorts of

, 42

Filipino-based

, 149

GVLMs

, 147–148

home-based

, 41

Teleworking from home

, 41–43

Telstra

, 41

Third places/public realm

, 9–11

Three “Vs”. See Volume, variety, and velocity (Three “Vs”)

Trust

, 18, 27–29, 144

“Turk Workers”

, 96–97

Unaffiliated worker

, 42–43

Universal basic income (UBI)

, 110, 133–135, 152

Urban environments

, 5, 13, 14

US knowledge workers

, 7, 11

US manufacturing sector

, 131–132

US Patriots Act

, 63

“Virtual adjacency”

, 19

“Virtual collaboration”

, 19

“Virtual distributed teams”

, 19, 142–143

Virtual workforce

, 92–93, 111, 144

Volume, variety, and velocity (Three “Vs”)

, 115

“Water cooler” effect

, 29, 36

WEF. See World Economic Forum (WEF)

Well-being

, 4, 25

culture

, 30–31

enhancing employee well-being and productivity

, 12–14

organization and management

, 29–30

physical workspace

, 26–27

technical vs. operational issues

, 27–29

WFC. See Work/family conflict (WFC)

White collar jobs

, 128, 151

WINC. See Women Innovators Network in Caribbean (WINC)

Women

, 70–73

entrepreneurs

, 75

family responsibilities

, 83

ICT access–considerations for women entrepreneurs

, 82

workers

, 22, 24–25, 31

Women Innovators Network in Caribbean (WINC)

, 82

Work

, 3–4

changing work environment

, 142–146

environments

, 142–143

interfering

, 20

work/life balance

, 25–31

culture

, 30–31

organization and management

, 29–30

physical workspace

, 26–27

technical vs. operational issues

, 27–29

See also Coworking

Work/family conflict (WFC)

, 21

Worker(s)

, 7, 144

consecutive careers

, 153

enhancing employee well-being and productivity

, 12–14

home-based teleworkers

, 41

human Cloud worker

, 88

internet platform workers

, 107

microworkers

, 107

mobile

, 19, 145

productivity

, 3

professional

, 105

skilled professional and technical

, 92

teleworkers

, 32

“Turk Workers”

, 96–97

US knowledge

, 7

virtual

, 109

women

, 22, 24–25

Working environment

, 36

“Working from home” typology

, 18

Workplace

, 3–4, 12, 141

“balanced” workplace environment

, 7

changing work environment

, 142–146

designs

, 7, 9

entrepreneurship and self-employment

, 146–147

features

, 142

GVLMS and rise of machines

, 147–153

ICT-focused workplace strategies

, 28

open-plan workplace

, 7–8, 11

structures

, 18

technologically mediated workplaces

, 29

World Bank

, 77, 78, 80, 82, 95, 96, 108, 110, 130

World Economic Forum (WEF)

, 129, 132, 152

World War II

, 72–73

World-wide-web

, 61