Index
The Emerald Handbook of Public–Private Partnerships in Developing and Emerging Economies
ISBN: 978-1-78714-494-1, eISBN: 978-1-78714-493-4
Publication date: 6 December 2017
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2017), "Index", Leitão, J., de Morais Sarmento, E. and Aleluia, J. (Ed.) The Emerald Handbook of Public–Private Partnerships in Developing and Emerging Economies, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 605-624. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78714-493-420171023
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2018 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Academic research on PPPs
, 146–147
Accounting issues
, 3, 6, 20, 34–35
Action model
, 588–589
Adaptability and resilience
, 397
Addis Ababa Action Agenda (AAAA)
, 271, 306
Additionality
, 156, 215
‘Adem Jashari’ Pristina International Airport (PIA)
, 339, 350–353
contractual PPP design of
, 352
Administrative contractual clauses
, 33
Administrative law provisions
, 33
Adopt a School programme
, 319–320
Advisory Council on International Affairs (AIV)
, 172
Affordability
, 73, 75, 363, 399–400
case studies
, 366–367
Dakar Water project, Senegal
, 372–377
East Coast Toll Road, India
, 377–380
Pamir Power project, Tajikistan
, 367–372
Africa, PPPs in
, 18–19, 50, 251, 271
infrastructure development. See Infrastructure development through PPPs in Africa
specificities of African PPP landscape
, 275–277
sustainable development goals (SDGs)
, 272–275
See also Pro-poor PPPs, for development in Africa
Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic (AICD)
, 469
African Development Bank (AfDB), PPPs at
, 247
infrastructure
, 248, 249–250, 253, 259
lessons and recommendations
, 256–262
main findings
, 252
enabling environment operations
, 255–256
PPP portfolio perspective
, 254–255
strategic perspective
, 252–254
methodology
, 251–252
Private Sector Development Strategy 2013–2017
, 253
technical assistance for PPP projects
, 257–258
African PPP landscape, specificities of
, 275–277
Aga Khan Development Foundation
, 366–367
Aga Khan Development Fund (AKFED)
, 370
Agricultural development and food security in Mozambique
, 178–180
Agricultural market infrastructure, PPPs for
, 204–205
Agri-PPP projects
, 191
benefits and challenges of
, 211–214
entry-points for
, 197
agricultural market infrastructure, PPPs for
, 204–205
business development services (BDS)
, 205–207
innovation and technology transfer (ITT) PPPs
, 201–204
value chain development (VCD) partnerships
, 197–201
and infrastructure PPPs
, 207
feasibility assessment and partner selection
, 208–209
formality of PPP arrangement
, 207–208
investment contributions
, 209
range of partners
, 208
risk sharing
, 209–211
methodology
, 195–197
vs. traditional infrastructure PPPs
, 210–211
Airport investment
, 350
Akhuwat
, 316–319
Anti-Unfair Competition Law
, 119
Application, of PPP
, 67, 417
commercial risk
, 70
legal, policy and institutional frameworks
, 71–72
local capacity
, 73–74
macroeconomic considerations
, 68–69
political risk
, 69–70
project design considerations
, 74
choice of PPP model
, 74
economic viability
, 76
financial viability
, 75–76
integrating social objectives
, 76
technical feasibility
, 75
Approval procedure
, 122–124, 128
Argentina, PPP implementation in
, 19
Arguments for and against PPPs
, 6, 17, 21, 37
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
, 250, 275, 299, 514, 516
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
, 250
Asia Pacific Project Preparation Facility (AP3F)
, 250
Availability payments
, 365
Balanced risk profile between the government and private sector
, 398
Bankable service/facility, long-term strategic planning for
, 401
Basic Health Units (BHUs)
, 315, 321–324
‘Bouyges Batiment-Egis’
, 352
Brazil
PPP implementation in
, 19
unsolicited proposals (USPs) in
, 561, 563
case study
, 562–563
comparative analysis with Chile
, 572–576
government, role of
, 564–565
performance of USPs regulatory model
, 565–567
regulatory model
, 564
Brazilian Development Bank
, 562
Budget and fiscal constraints
, 93
Build, operate and transfer (BOT) concessions
, 48, 65, 70, 207, 222, 235, 242, 417
Build, own, operate and transfer (BOOT)
, 48
Build, own and operate (BOO)
, 60, 66
Build, rehabilitate, operate and transfer (BROT) concession
, 60
Build-lease-transfer (BLT)
, 48, 56, 417
Build-operate-transfer (BOT) law
, 86, 222, 417
Bureau of Public Enterprises (BPE), Nigeria
, 471
Business development services (BDS)
, 192, 197, 205–207
Business involvement, partnerships with
, 141, 142
Capacity building
, 74, 224, 256, 271, 299, 300, 399
third generation of
, 300
within emerging markets
, 282
Capital-intensive healthcare investments
, 409
Central Africa IT backbone
, 257
Central Asia water supply, PPP implementations in
, 515
essence of PPP
, 515–517
in Kazakhstan
, 517–519
in Kyrgyzstan
, 519–523
practical considerations
, 527
fair remuneration and competition
, 533
performance management
, 529–531
proposed paradigm
, 531–533
quid pro quo of considerations
, 527–529
in Tajikistan
, 523–525
in Uzbekistan
, 525–527
Central Government, in India
, 229
Change model
, 588–589
Chen’s theory-driven evaluation concept
, 588
Chief Minister’s Initiative for Primary Healthcare (CMIPHC)
, 315, 321–325
Chief Minister’s Self-Employment Scheme (CMSES)
, 316–319
Chile, PPP programme in
, 289–290, 297, 445
Chile, unsolicited proposals (USPs) in
, 561, 567, 568
case study
, 567–568
comparative analysis with Brazil
, 572–576
government, role of
, 570–571
performance of USPs regulatory model
, 571–572
regulatory model
, 568–569
China, PPP in
, 113, 115, 120, 121
discussion and conclusion
, 134–136
implementation
, 18, 19
institutionalization
, 121
approval procedure
, 122–124
competition between private enterprises and SOEs
, 128
lack of legislation
, 124–128
public resistance
, 128–129
marketization, manifestation of
, 116
emergence: mid-1980s–late 1990s
, 116–118
growth: early 2000s–2008
, 118–119
recession: 2008–2013
, 119–120
revival: post-2013
, 120–121
risks
, 129
categories
, 130–133
division
, 133–134
transferal
, 134
Classical content analysis (CCA)
, 393
Cloth Bank
, 318
Cohesive and collaborative project management
, 302
Colombia, PPP development in
, 441, 446
infrastructure investment and PPP
, 446–448
Institute for Infrastructure and Concessions of Cundinamarca (ICCU)
, 455
National Council for Economic and Social Planning (CONPES)
, 452
National Institute of Roads (INVIAS)
, 452
National Planning Department (DNP)
, 446
new legal and institutional framework
, 448–453
quantification and distribution of PPP
, 453–459
Registry of Public–Private Partnerships (RUAPP)
, 453
Vías 4G programme
, 456, 457
Commercial risk
, 70, 86, 206
Commercial viable service/facility
long-term strategic planning for
, 401
Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)
, 355
Common Provisions Regulation
, 342
Community Assistance for Reconstruction, Development and Stabilization (CARDS)
, 349
Community-based organizations (CBOs)
, 181–182
Community participation in pro-poor PPPs
, 176
agricultural development and food security in Mozambique
, 178–180
natural gas extraction and growth corridors in Mozambique and Tanzania
, 176–178
sanitation in informal settlements in Kenya
, 181–182
‘Community-PPP’ model
, 181, 182
Compagnie Ivoirienne d’Electricite (CIE)
, 63
Compendium of PPP on infrastructure
, 224
Competent control
, 32
Concept of PPP
, 4
Concession agreements
, 48, 62, 370, 379, 397, 479, 501, 507
Concessions
, 8, 48, 64, 72, 86, 575
concept of
, 8
in Russia
, 18
Contractual arrangements
, 50, 180, 204, 214, 222, 273, 341, 476, 481, 489, 517
Cooperation for Advancement, Rehabilitation and Education (CARE) Foundation
, 319–321
Copenhagen Criteria
, 335, 339, 345, 349
Corruption in public investment
, 289–290
Cost recovery
, 72, 261
‘Cream-skimming’
, 275
Critical success factors (CSFs)
, 423
Cumulative growth
, 52
Currency Exchange Fund
, 70
‘Custom’ designs
, 297
Dakar Water project, Senegal
, 372–373, 372
affordability, achieving
, 374–375
project background
, 372–373
project outcomes
, 376–377
project structure
, 375–376
Database PPPs in India
, 228, 239
Data collection
, 389, 390–392, 467, 588
Decent life, key perquisites for
, 398–399
Decision-making by government
, 403–404
Definitions, of PPPs
, 47–49, 84, 515–516
Delhi–Gurgaon Super Connectivity Ltd (DGSCL), India
, 491
discussion and conclusion
, 508–510
major DGSCL Project events
, 498–499
managing opportunism in PPPs
, 492–493
methodology
, 494
case particulars
, 495
construction
, 496–497
denouement
, 501–502
operations
, 497, 499–500
project award
, 496
project selection
, 495–496
opportunism over project life cycle
, 502
project award
, 504–505
project construction
, 505–507
project life cycle
, 508
project operation
, 507–508
project selection
, 503–504
Democratic governance
, 147, 402–404
Design, finance, build, operate and transfer (DFBOT) PPP model
, 467
‘Design’ function
, 49
Developing/emerging countries, investing in
, 87
Development, PPP for
, 18, 141
implications for governing partnerships
, 157
adapting development agencies
, 158–159
exploring new governance approaches and practices
, 158
international level, coordination at
, 159
integrated governance framework, need for
, 146–147
partnering approaches
, 147
efficiency-oriented partnerships
, 148–151
hybrid partnering approach
, 153–157
participation-oriented partnerships
, 151–153
partnership and governance challenge
, 145–146
Development finance institutions (DFIs)
, 69, 71, 253, 298
Development Related Infrastructure Investment Vehicle (DRIVE) programme
, 150, 173
Direct benefits, of PPPs
, 364
Divestitures
, 56, 86–87
Dutch Diamond approach
, 12, 172–174, 175
Dutch international development policy
, 171–172
Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs
, 143, 150, 152, 155, 173
East Coast Toll Road, India
, 363, 367, 377
affordability, achieving
, 378–379
project background
, 377–378
project outcomes
, 371–372
project structure
, 379–380
Economic growth
, 121, 171, 193, 223, 225, 262, 263, 303, 364, 370, 407, 442, 469, 538
Economic infrastructure services
, 271
Economic viability
, 76
Effective control
, 23, 32, 38
Efficiency gains
, 50, 510
Efficiency-oriented partnerships
, 148, 149
governance challenges
, 150–151
governance rationale
, 148–149
partnership characteristics
, 149
Efficient project delivery
, 402
EIU Infrascope
, 277
Emerging market developing economies (EMDEs)
, 282, 283, 298, 303
Emerging markets, PPP units around
, 309
Empirical literature on PPPs
, 90, 468
Employment opportunities
, 364–365
Enabling environment
, 211, 213, 215, 269
challenges and risks to PPP in Africa
, 277
governance of PPP and improvement of public services
, 289–290
key components of enabling institutional framework
, 278–282
legislative and institutional framework
, 282–289
policy recommendations
, 304–307
PPP mapping in Africa
, 272
specificities of the African PPP landscape
, 275–277
sustainable development goals (SDGs)
, 272–275
recent trends in the approach to improving
, 290
best practices, examples of
, 294–297
evolving role of IFIS in emerging and African countries
, 298–301
institutional arrangements and role of PPP unit
, 290–294
integrated approach, need for
, 301–303
PPP units effectiveness and governments’ failures
, 297–298
Energia de Mocambique Lda (ENMo)
, 60
Energy
, 52, 538
Energy sector PPPs
, 60–63
Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) contractor
, 547
Environmental protection
, 396
Environment impact assessment (EIA)
, 396
Equitable distribution of resources between the present and future generation
, 400–401
Estruturadora Brasileira de Projetos (EBP)
, 562
Etatistism
, 9
EULEX KOSOVO
, 336, 345
EU neighbouring policy
, 339
Euroized capital expenditures
, 343
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
, 250, 345, 514
European Commission Liaison Office (ECLO)
, 337
European Fund for Strategic Investments (EFSI)
, 11
European Investment Bank (EIB) projects
, 258
European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP)
, 342
European PPP Expertise Centre
, 341–342
European Structural and Investment Funds (ESI)
, 341, 342
European Union (EU)
, 336–337, 338, 355
EU Special Representative
, 337
Explanatory variables
, 95, 97, 109
Facility for Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Food Security (FDOV)
, 155
Faisalabad Institute of Research, Science and Technology (FIRST)
, 318
Farmer organizations (FOs)
, 201
Feasibility
, 20–21
assessment and partner selection
, 208–209
technical
, 75
Feed-in tariffs (FITs)
, 540, 545, 553, 554
Financial challenges
, 213
Financial crisis of 2008
, 11
Financial development
, 93–94
Financial engineering
, 583, 593
Financial facilities
, 285
Financial viability
, 75–76, 401–402
Financing
, 27–28, 70, 198, 460
Financing infrastructure projects
, 356
Fiscal Responsibility Act 2007 Nigeria
, 471
Flexibility for change and sharing of knowledge
, 399
Fondo Multilateral de Inversiones (FMI)
, 258
Food security in Mozambique
, 155, 173, 178–180
Formal agreement
, 196
Free market mechanism
, 4
Full-cost recovery
, 365
Fund for African Private Sector Assistance (FAPA) fund
, 256
‘Funding gap’ approach
, 277, 342
G7 economies
, 5
Gambia River Basin Development
, 257–258
Geographic reach
, 52
Global financial crisis
, 91, 274
Global Infrastructure Facility (GIF)
, 250, 298–299
Global Infrastructure Forums
, 253
Global project finance
, 411
Good-quality infrastructure assets and services
, 82
Good strategic planning
, 261
Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO)
, 367
GovDummy variable
, 95
Governance of PPP and improvement of public services
, 289–290
Government failures
, 50, 295, 297
Government of Tajikistan (GoT)
, 367
Government subsidies
, 365, 567
Grameen Bank
, 317
Greenfield Projects
, 86
Green Incentive
, 538, 550, 553, 554, 555
Greening PPP projects
, 404
Gujarat rooftop pilot project
, 553
Healthcare public–private partnership
advantages, limitations and recommendations for
, 420–422
best practices in developed countries
, 409–413
in developing economies
, 417–420, 424–431
discussion
, 432–433
in emerging economies
, 422–432
integrated PPP supply and value chains
, 413–417
practices for success
, 422–432
Historical evolution of the PPP
, 6–13
Hungary, PPPs implementation in
, 19
Hybrid partnering approach
, 153
governance challenges
, 156–157
governance rationale
, 153–154
partnership characteristics
, 154–155
Impact investing
, 306
Implementation of PPPs
, 5, 6, 261–262
‘people-oriented’ motives for
, 15
pros and cons for
, 15–36
Implementation practices of PPPs, in Nigeria
, 466
background literature
, 468, 469–47
PPP regulatory framework in Nigeria
, 470–472
PPP status and practice
, 468–469
findings and discussions
, 475
bureaucratic processes in government institutions
, 475–476
concerns over unfavourable PPP regulatory environment
, 476–477
road partnership
, 477–479
transport partnership
, 479–481
managerial implication
, 481–482
methodology
, 472
research context
, 472–473
Road Partnership
, 473
Transport Partnership
, 473–475
Independent Evaluation (IDEV) of the AfDB
, 252
Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) of the WBG
, 258
Independent power producers (IPPs)
, 52, 275
Independent regulatory agencies for infrastructure services
, 295
Index of structures’ contribution to sustainability (ICES)
, 388
India
, 223, 491, 543
PPP implementation in
, 18
Rooftop Solar Power Project in Gandhinagar, Gujarat
, 548
case overview
, 548–552
lessons learned
, 552–554
project structure of
, 551
social and commercial infrastructure in
, 226–228
See also Delhi–Gurgaon Super Connectivity Ltd (DGSCL), India
India Infrastructure Finance Company (IIFC)
, 224
India Infrastructure Project Development Fund (IIPDF)
, 224
Indonesia, PPP implementation in
, 18
Information and communication technologies (ICTs)
, 47
ICT PPPs
, 52, 66
Infrascope index
, 285, 447
Infrastructure, provision of
, 249
Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission (ICRC), Nigeria
, 470, 476, 482
Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (IDFC)
, 500, 501, 502
Infrastructure development through PPPs
, 385
bottom-up/triple-bottom-line (TBL) approach
, 388
discussion on the framework
, 396
intergenerational equity
, 400–401
intragenerational equity
, 399–400
livelihood sufficiency and opportunity
, 398–399
precaution and adoption
, 397–398
resource maintenance and efficiency
, 401–402
socio-ecological civility and democratic governance
, 402–404
socio-ecological system integrity
, 396–397
grounded theory approach
, 389–390
research methods
, 389
data collection
, 390–392
qualitative data analysis
, 392–395
top-down approach
, 388
Infrastructure development through PPPs in Africa
, 45
application, of PPP
, 67
commercial risk
, 70
legal, policy and institutional frameworks
, 71–72
local capacity
, 73–74
macroeconomic considerations
, 68–69
political risk
, 69–70
project design considerations
, 74–76
definitions, of PPPs
, 47–49
guidelines for future research
, 77–78
performance
, 60
energy sector PPPs
, 60–63
ICT sector PPPs
, 66
transport sector PPPs
, 64–66
water sector PPPs
, 67
rationale
, 49–51
salient trends
, 51
cumulative growth
, 52
geographic reach
, 52
PPP types
, 56–60
sectoral trends
, 52
sub-sector trends
, 52–56
Infrastructure investment and PPP in Latin America
, 442–445
Infrastructure PPPs
, 68, 108, 364
agri-PPPs and
, 207
feasibility assessment and partner selection
, 208–209
formality of the PPP arrangement
, 207–208
investment contributions
, 209
range of partners
, 208
risk sharing
, 209–211
Infrastructure Prioritization Framework (IPF)
, 279
Infrastructure project, type of
, 94
Infrastructure Project Preparation Facility (IPPF)
, 249–250
Infrastructure services
, 271, 279, 400
Innovation
creativity and promotion of
, 399
Innovation and technology transfer (ITT) PPPs
, 201–204
Innovative solutions
, 27
Institute for Infrastructure and Concessions of Cundinamarca (ICCU)
, 455
Institutional capacity
, 403
Institutional framework, establishing
, 304
Institutional investment in infrastructure, unlocking
, 288
Institutionalization
, 121
approval procedure
, 122–124
legislation, lack of
, 124–128
private enterprises and SOEs, competition between
, 128
public resistance
, 128–129
Integrated supply chains of PPP stakeholders
, 416
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
, 442
Intergenerational equity
, 400–401
Internal rate of return (IRR)
, 493
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
, 367
International Financial Institutions (IFIs)
, 83, 250, 276, 514
International PPP Centre of Excellence (ICoE)
, 12, 14
International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB)
, 35
Intragenerational equity
, 399–400
Investment contributions
, 209
IPSAS
, 32, 35
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)
, 552–553
Joint Assistance to Support Projects in European Regions (JASPERS) guidance
, 338, 341
Joint ventures
, 49
Jorf Lasfar Energy Company (JLEC)
, 275
Kazakhstan, PPP in
, 517–519
Kenya, sanitation in informal settlements in
, 181–182
Kibera water distribution project, Nairobi
, 366
Knowledge, upgradation of
, 399
Kosovo, PPP evolution in
, 335, 347
‘Adem Jashari’ Pristina International Airport (case study)
, 350–353
current and future PPP projects
, 348
PPP as a possible growth factor
, 343–350
PPP in the EU neighbouring governance
, 339–342
Kyrgyzstan, PPP in
, 519–523
Lagos-Epe Expressway
, 366
Lagos State Government
, 478, 479
Latin America
infrastructure investment and PPP in
, 440, 442–445
Law on the Procedure for the Award of Concessions
, 338
Leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED)
, 387–388
Lease contract
, 86
Leases
, 48
Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
, 272
Legal, policy and institutional frameworks
, 71–72
Legal monopolies
, 8
Legislation, lack of
, 124–128
Legislative Guide on Privately Financed Infrastructure Projects
, 12
‘Less state, less public sector’
, 13
Life cycling cost (LCC) analysis
, 23
Livelihood sufficiency and opportunity
, 398–399
Local capacity
, 73–74
Local communities, participation of
, 174–175
Long-term infrastructure concessions (LTIC)
, 490–491
Long-term partnerships
, 22
Louis VI
, 8
Lower Middle-Income Countries (LMIC)
, 5, 250
Low-income countries (LICs)
, 250
Macroeconomic considerations
, 68–69
Management contracts
, 48, 86
Manufacturing value added (MVA)
, 193
Market conditions and macroeconomic stability
, 92
‘Marketing Service’ LLC
, 521
Marketization, manifestation of
, 116
emergence: mid-1980s–late 1990s
, 116–118
growth: early 2000s–2008
, 118–119
recession: 2008–2013
, 119–120
revival: post-2013
, 120–121
Market risk
, 209
MDBdummy
, 96
Memorandum of understanding (MOU)
, 196, 207, 253, 501
Mexican PPP programme
, 289
Micro-interlocutor analysis (MIA)
, 393
Middle-income countries (MICs)
, 276
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
, 152
Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs)
, 256
Missions
, 480
Mitigating measures, proactive adoption of
, 397–398
Model Legislative Provisions on Privately Financed Infrastructure Projects
, 12
Modernization, development and
, 26
Monitoring
, 261, 302, 304, 480
Motive for implementation of PPPs
, 12–13, 13–14, 15
Mozambique
agricultural development and food security in
, 178–180
natural gas extraction and growth corridors in
, 176–178
Multi-Annual Programming Documents (MIPDs)
, 349
Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs)
, 83, 91, 249, 255, 261, 263, 298, 303
Multilateral Investment Fund
, 447
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
, 70
Multi-stakeholder partnerships
, 152
Murtala Muhammed Domestic Airport Terminal II
, 480
National Council for Economic and Social Planning (CONPES), Columbia
, 452
National Council of Privatization (NCP), Nigeria
, 471
National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC)
, 120
National development plans (NDPs)
, 276
National Highways Authority of India (NHAI)
, 495, 499–500, 501
National Institute of Roads (INVIAS), Columbia
, 452
National Planning Commission Act 2007 Nigeria
, 471
Natural gas extraction and growth corridors in Mozambique and Tanzania
, 176–178
Natural resources, maintenance of
, 401
New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD)
, 249
New Public Management (NPM)
, 7, 9
Nigeria, implementation practices of PPPs. See Implementation practices of PPPs, in Nigeria
Non-governmental organization (NGOs)
, 315, 316, 318
Non-lending assistance
, 262
Nordic EU Countries
, 11
Normative intervention logical framework
, 594
activities
, 596–598
DAC criteria and benchmark definitions
, 600–601
impacts
, 600
inputs
, 595–596
outcomes
, 599–600
outputs
, 598–599
NVivo10
, 392–393
Off-balance sheet financing
, 386
‘Off-balance sheet’ finance
, 85
Official development aid (ODA)
, 149
Off-take agreements
, 365
‘Omnipotent’ power of the free market and free competition
, 11, 13
Operational maturity
, 285
Operation and Management (O&M) contractor
, 547
Opportunistic behaviour
, 490, 491, 492
Optimization
, 25
Outsourcing
, 72
Pakistan, social entrepreneurship in
, 311, 313–316
CARE Foundation
, 319–321
Chief Minister’s Initiative for Primary Healthcare
, 321–325
Chief Minister’s Self-Employment Scheme (CMSES)
, 316–319
implications
, 326
Pamir Power project, Tajikistan
, 367
affordability, achieving
, 368–370
project background
, 367–368
project outcomes
, 371–372
project structure
, 370–371
Partial risk guarantee (PRG)
, 70
Participation-oriented partnerships
, 151
governance challenges
, 153
governance rationale
, 151
partnership characteristics
, 151–152
Partnering approaches in development cooperation
, 147
efficiency-oriented partnerships
, 148
governance challenges
, 150–151
governance rationale
, 148–149
partnership characteristics
, 149
hybrid partnering approach
, 153
governance challenges
, 156–157
governance rationale
, 153–154
partnership characteristics
, 154–155
participation-oriented partnerships
, 151
governance challenges
, 153
governance rationale
, 151
partnership characteristics
, 151–152
Partnerships
, 142
defined
, 155
efficiency-oriented
, 148–151
hybrid partnering approach
, 153–157
implications for governing
, 157
adapting development agencies
, 158–159
exploring new governance approaches and practices
, 158
international level, coordination at
, 159
multi-stakeholder
, 152
participation-oriented
, 151–153
Payment mechanisms for PPP projects
, 24, 27, 31
Peja Urban Transport project
, 346
‘People-first’ PPPs
, 12, 14
People-oriented PPP strategy
as a prerequisite for success
, 13–15
Performance, of PPPs
, 60, 72
energy sector PPPs
, 60–63
ICT sector PPPs
, 66
transport sector PPPs
, 64–66
water sector PPPs
, 67
Photovoltaic (PV) technology
, 549
Plan for pollution cost and compensation vide
, 397
Planning
, 24
Planning and project selection problems, overcoming
, 279
Policy environment for PPPs
, 71
Political Economic Social Technological Legal Environmental (PESTLE)
, 412
Political factors
, 91–92
Political orientation of the government
, 106
Political risk
, 69–70
Polluters’ pay principles
, 397
Post-2015 development agenda
, 303
Poverty
, 248, 250, 262, 263
alleviation
, 400
Poverty and Social Impact Analysis
, 323
Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)
, 545
PPP in Infrastructure Resource Centre (PPPIRC)
, 283
Precautionary approach, adopting
, 397–398
PricewaterhouseCoopers prognosis
, 6
Principle of exclusion
, 8
Private enterprises and SOEs, competition between
, 128
Private Finance Initiative (PFI)
, 9
PFI type transactions
, 275
Private investment
, 87
Private Operator (PO)
, 524
Private participation in infrastructure (PPI) projects
, 82
database
, 47, 51
Private participation in PPPs
, 81
developing and emerging economies, PPPs in
, 87–89
literature review and hypotheses development
, 90
budget and fiscal constraints
, 93
financial development
, 93–94
government, role of
, 90–91
infrastructure project, type of
, 94
legal factors
, 92
market conditions and macroeconomic stability
, 92
multilateral development banks (MDBs), role of
, 91
political factors
, 91–92
sector
, 94
methodology, data and variables
, 94–97
private sector involvement, possibilities for
, 85–87
results and discussion
, 97–107
Private Participation in Renewable Energy (PPRE)
, 539, 543
Private sector
, 27, 63, 82, 85–87, 90
Private sector participation (PSP)
, 516
Privatization
, 9, 10, 13, 293
Privatization Agency of Kosovo
, 344
Production risk
, 209
Project delivery
, 28–29
Project design considerations
, 74
choice of PPP model
, 74
economic viability
, 76
financial viability
, 75–76
social objectives, integrating
, 76
technical feasibility
, 75
Project identification
, 279
Project operation dynamics
, 30–31
Project prioritization
stepping stone approach for
, 305
Projects design
, 397
Pro-local resident policies
, 367
Pro-partnership programme
, 178, 179
Property Rights Law
, 119
Pro-poor accommodation
, 375–376, 380–382
Pro-poor PPPs, for development in Africa
, 167
to community-led PPPs
, 182–185
Dutch Diamond approach
, 172–174
Dutch international development policy
, 171–172
local communities, participation of
, 174–175
three patterns of community participation in
, 176
agricultural development and food security in Mozambique
, 178–180
natural gas extraction and growth corridors in Mozambique and Tanzania
, 176–178
sanitation in informal settlements in Kenya
, 181–182
Public Accounts Committee (PAC)
, 500
Public Enterprises (Privatization and Commercialization) Act 1999 (Privatization Act)
, 471
‘Publicly funded, privately managed’ model
, 312
Publicly-guaranteed private profits
, 146
Publicly owned enterprises (POEs)
in Kosovo
, 344
Public participation
, 402–403
Public partner control
, 32
‘Public party pay’ (PPP) model
, 9
Public–Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF)
, 281, 298
Public Private Partnership Approval Committee (PPPAC)
, 224
Public Procurement Act 2007 Nigeria
, 471
Public relations (PR) strategy
, 15
Public resistance
, 128–129
Public sector
, 26
project management techniques
, 30
Public sector comparator (PSC) model
, 74
Public services
concession for
, 8
functional dimension of
, 4
improvement of
, 289–290
provided by the rulers
, 5
in the Roman Empire
, 7
terminology
, 5
‘Public’ part of PPPs
, 583
Punjab Health Sector Reforms Programme (PHSRP)
, 323
Punjab Rural Support Programme (PRSP)
, 316, 321–325
Qualitative data analysis
, 392–395
Qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) package
, 392
Qualitative indicators (QLI), assessing the nature of PPPs using
, 229
government participation, nature of
, 229–231
PPP duration status
, 232–235
PPP project construction status
, 231–232
profile of PPP modality
, 235
Quality of life
, 398–399
Quantitative indicators (QTI), assessing the nature of PPPs using
, 235
cost variance
, 238–239
project construction completion time
, 239–240
project count and average investment
, 235–237
Race Against Waste
, 15
Rail sector, PPPs in
, 64
Railways System of Zambia (RSZ)
, 283–284
Rationale for PPPs
, 49–51
Regal power
, 7–8
Regional PPP units
, 291
Registry of Public–Private Partnerships (RUAPP)
, 453
Regnum Francorum
, 7
Regulatory Quality (RegQual)
, 96
Rehabilitate, operate and transfer (ROT) concession
, 63
Re-negotiation contract provision
, 399
Renewable energy, defined
, 540
Renewable energy development
benefits and drawbacks of
, 540–541
Renewable energy projects in developing countries
, 546
current trends and variations of
, 541–544
PPP arrangement in
, 544
structure and inherent risks
, 544–545
private sector participants
, 547
public sector
, 547–548
roles of private sector in
, 544
Rooftop Solar Power Project in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India (case study)
, 548
Renewable resources, maximum usage of
, 401
Rent-a-Roof Project
, 553
Resource maintenance and efficiency
, 401–402
Risk management
, 398
Risks
, 129
categories
, 130–133
division
, 133–134
sharing
, 7, 209–211
transferal
, 134
Road and railroad PPPs
, 56
Road partnership, in Nigeria
, 473, 477–479
Road Partnership and Transport Partnership
, 475
Road PPPs
, 64
Roman Empire, public services in
, 7
Rooftop Solar Power Project in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India (case study)
, 548
case overview
, 548–552
lessons learned
, 552–554
project structure of
, 551
Rule of Law (RLaw)
, 96
Russia, concessions in
, 18
Russia, PPP implementation in
, 18, 19
Salient trends
, 51
cumulative growth
, 52
geographic reach
, 52
PPP types
, 56–60
sectoral trends
, 52
sub-sector trends
, 52–56
Sanitation in informal settlements in Kenya
, 181–182
Satisfaction of users
, 33–34
Sectoral trends
, 52
Semi-structured interviews
, 390
Senegalaise des Eaux (SDE)
, 67
Service Contract (SC)
, 524
Short-term service contracts
, 86
Shymkent Water Utility
, 517
Single Registry of Public–Private Partnerships
, 453
Small and medium agricultural enterprises (SMAEs)
, 195
Social and commercial infrastructure sector, PPPs in
, 221
database and methodology
, 228–229
discussion
, 240–243
final remarks and policy implications
, 243–244
in India
, 226–228
qualitative indicators (QLI), assessing the nature of PPPs using
, 229
government participation, nature of
, 229–231
PPP duration status
, 232–235
PPP project construction status
, 231–232
profile of PPP modality
, 235
quantitative indicators (QTI), assessing the nature of PPPs using
, 235
cost variance
, 238–239
project construction completion time
, 239–240
project count and average investment
, 235–237
rationale and specific objectives of the study
, 225–226
Social entrepreneurship, in Pakistan. See Pakistan, social entrepreneurship in
Social impact assessment (SIA)
, 396
Social justice and poverty alleviation
, 400
Social objectives, integrating
, 76
Societe Distribution d’Eau de Côte d’Ivoire (SODECI)
, 67
Societe d’Energie et d’Eau du Gabon (SEEG)
, 62
Socio-ecological civility and democratic governance
, 402–404
Socio-ecological system integrity
, 396–397
Société nationale des eaux du Sénégal (SONES)
, 373
Société nationale d’exploitation des eaux du Sénégal (SONEES)
, 372–373
‘Soft infrastructure’
, 261
Solar Power Policy, Gujarat, India
, 549
Special purpose vehicle (SPV)
, 49, 410, 415, 473
Stabilization and Association Agreement
, 337
Stakeholders/users’ participation, consultation with
, 402–403
State-owned enterprises (SOEs)
, 115, 118–120, 128, 544
Staufen dynasty
, 8
‘Strategy 2020’
, 299
Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP)
, 469
Subnational government (SNG), in India
, 229
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)
, 273
Sub-sector trends
, 52–56
Subsidization of tariffs
, 381
Substitution effect
, 106, 108
Successful PPP project implementation, ensuring
, 301–303
Supervision
, 32
Supply chain, PPP
, 415
Sustainability appraisal in infrastructure projects (SUSAIP)
, 387
Sustainability assessment, framework of guiding principles for
, 385, 396
intergenerational equity
, 400–401
intragenerational equity
, 399–400
livelihood sufficiency and opportunity
, 398–399
precaution and adoption
, 397–398
resource maintenance and efficiency
, 401–402
socio-ecological civility and democratic governance
, 402–404
socio-ecological system integrity
, 396–397
Sustainable development, defined
, 387
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
, 82, 272–275
Sustainable energy
, 538
Swiss Government’s agency for Economic Cooperation and Development (SECO)
, 367
Systematic control
, 32
Sénégalaise des Eaux (SDE)
, 373
Tajikistan, PPP in
, 523–525
Tanzania
2011 PPP Act
, 288
natural gas extraction and growth corridors in
, 176–178
Technical assistance programmes
, 294
Technical feasibility
, 75
Technical sustainability index (TSI)
, 387
Thatcher, Margaret
, 7
The Debt Management Office Act 2003 Nigeria
, 471
Theory-based evaluation PPP projects and programmes
, 587
normative intervention logical framework
, 594
activities
, 596–598
DAC criteria and benchmark definitions
, 600–601
impacts
, 600
inputs
, 595–596
outcomes
, 599–600
outputs
, 598–599
theory of project finance
, 593–594
in transport sector
, 585–586
The Resource Facility (TRF)
, 324
Third International Conference on Financing for Development
, 271
Tolling systems
, 64
Traditional procurement (TP)
, 412
Transfer of rights (TOR)
, 417
Transformation process
, 588
Transition economies in Europe
, 19
Transparency and accountability
, 403–404
Transport partnership, in Nigeria
, 473, 479–481
Transport sector, intervention logic for PPP programme in
, 585–586
Transport sector PPPs
, 64–66
Transport sector reforms
, 64
Turkish ‘LIMAK’
, 351
Types, of PPP
, 56–60
Typical PPP unit, proposed organigram of a
, 310
Unbalanced partnerships
, 22
UNECE ICoE
, 14
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL)
, 12, 345
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)
, 387
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
, 272
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
, 12
United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)
, 272
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
, 345
Unsolicited proposals (USPs), PPPs procurement through
in Brazil
, 563
case study
, 562–563
government, role of
, 564–565
performance of USPs regulatory model
, 565–567
regulatory model
, 564
in Chile
, 568
case study
, 567–568
government, role of
, 570–571
performance of USPs regulatory model
, 571–572
regulatory model
, 568–569
comparative analysis – Brazil and Chile
, 572–576
Upper Middle-Income Countries (UMIC)
, 250
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
, 144
User fees
, 365, 366
Uzbekistan, PPP in
, 525–527
Value-added tax (VAT)
, 375
Value chain, PPP
, 413
Value chain analysis and business plans
, 208
Value chain development (VCD) partnership
, 197–201
Value for money (VfM)
, 401–402, 412
‘Value for money’ PPP
, 14
‘Value for people’ PPP
, 14
Viability Gap Funding (VGF) scheme
, 224
Victorian hospitals
, 313
Vigencias Futuras
, 451
Vías 4G programme
, 456, 457
Water sector PPPs
, 67
Welfare state, modern
, 10
Whole life-cycle costing (WLC) methodology
, 400
World Bank
, 364, 514
World Bank Group (WBG)
, 250, 258
Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) of
, 258
- Prelims
- Part I Understanding PPPs in Developing and Emerging Countries
- Chapter 1 Top 10 Reasons Why (Not) and How (Not) to Implement PPPs in the Developing and Emerging Economies
- Chapter 2 Infrastructure Development through Public–Private Partnerships in Africa
- Chapter 3 The Degree of Private Participation in PPPs: Evidence from Developing and Emerging Economies
- Chapter 4 Public–Private Partnership in Developing China: Evolution, Institutionalization and Risks
- Chapter 5 Public–Private Partnership for Development: Governance Promises and Tensions
- Part II Making PPPs Work for the Poor
- Chapter 6 Pro-Poor Public–Private Partnerships for Development in Africa: Where Are Local Communities?
- Chapter 7 Public–Private Partnerships for Agricultural Transformation – Trends and Lessons from Developing Countries
- Chapter 8 Understanding the Nature of PPPs in Social and Commercial Infrastructure Sector using Qualitative and Quantitative Indicators: Insights from Emerging India
- Chapter 9 Making PPPs Work for the Poor: PPPs at the African Development Bank
- Part III Public Policy, Public Management Practices and Entrepreneurship
- Chapter 10 How to Support African PPPs: The Role of the Enabling Environment
- Chapter 11 Social Entrepreneurship as a Success Factor in Public–Private Partnerships: Three Case Studies from Pakistan
- Chapter 12 Public–Private Partnership Evolution in Kosovo: An Approach to Achieve the Dream of Being an European Union’s Member
- Part IV Implementation and Evaluation of PPPs: Practical Considerations and Case Studies
- Chapter 13 Achieving Affordability in the Delivery of PPP-Based Services
- Chapter 14 Infrastructure Development through PPPs: Framework of Guiding Principles for Sustainability Assessment
- Chapter 15 Public–Private Partnerships for Sustainable Healthcare in Emerging Economies
- Chapter 16 Boosting Public–Private Partnership in Infrastructure: PPP Expansion in Colombia
- Chapter 17 Towards Rethinking Public–Private Partnership Implementation: Insights from the Nigerian Context
- Chapter 18 Opportunism Galore: The Case of Delhi–Gurgaon Super Connectivity Limited
- Chapter 19 Practical Considerations on the Implementation of Public–Private Partnership in Water Utilities in Emerging Markets of Central Asia
- Chapter 20 Public and Private Partnerships for Renewable Energy Enhancement in Developing Countries: A Case of the Solar Rooftop Project in Gujarat, India
- Chapter 21 Unsolicited Proposals in Infrastructure – Lessons from Brazil and Chile
- Chapter 22 Theory-Based Evaluation of Public–Private Partnership Projects and Programmes
- Index