Index

Citation

(2016), "Index", Antoniou, A.-S., Burke, R.J. and Cooper, S.C.L. (Ed.) The Aging Workforce Handbook, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 557-576. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78635-448-820161024

Publisher

:

Emerald Group Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2017 Emerald Group Publishing Limited

---

INDEX

Absenteeism

, 163

Acculturation theory

, 244

Active ageing

, 539

Active labor market programs

, 87

Adams, G. A.

, 216

Additional resources and protective factors

, 342–343

Adult developmental stage theories

, 62

Adulthood

, 193–194

Adult Hope Scale (AHS)

, 93

Affective Events Theory

, 474

Affective job insecurity

, 101

Affectual solidarity

, 308

Aforementioned demographic change

, 2

Aforementioned hypothesis

, 5

Aforementioned policies

, 119

Age

, 79, 102

on elders’ statesmanship

, 423–424

of immigrants

, 78

and psychological contract

, 478–482

Ryff Scales of psychological well-being by

, 68–74

Age-based employment security

, 120

Age-based retirement

, 126

Age-biased behavioral tendencies

, 164

Age discrimination

, 166–167, 225, 226

ageism

, 537

within healthcare workforce

, 541–546

direct

, 538

within healthcare setting

ageism and

, 539

disease types

, 540

morbidity and mortality

, 540

obstacles

, 540

indirect

, 538

in workplace

, 164–166

See also Ageism

Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)

, 4, 412, 504

Age discriminatory behavior

, 233

Age diversity

, 251, 312–313

climate

, 172, 173

Ageism

, 537

and age discrimination

, 537

within healthcare workforce

, 541–546

disease types

, 541

employment experience

, 545

health and social care employers

, 543

healthcare discrimination

, 541

nurses challenges

, 542–543

research on

, 544

stereotypes and

, 542

“Age-neutral”

, 119

Age-related human resource management practices

, 168

Age-related norms

, 315

Age-related situations/disabilities

, 4

Age-related variables

, 8

Age stereotypes

, 251, 252

countering and reducing

, 42–43

and discrimination toward older workers

, 3–4

Aging nurse workforce

, 2

“Aging paradox of well-being”

, 61, 65

Aging population

, 1–2, 16, 136

body systems and musicians. See Professional orchestral musicians

in China

country background

, 514–515

demographic profile

, 515

economic challenges

, 516–518

labor market, implications for

, 516

political challenges

, 516–518

social challenges

, 516–518

definition

, 513

demographic dividend

, 513

in India

country background

, 518

demographic profile

, 518–519

economic challenges

, 520–521

labor market, implications for

, 519–520

political challenges

, 520–521

social challenges

, 520–521

intergenerational reciprocity, notion of

, 530

in Japan

country background

, 521

demographic profile

, 522

economic challenges

, 523–524

labor market, implications for

, 522–523

political challenges

, 523–524

social challenges

, 523–524

Myrdalian hypothesis

, 530–531

populations impacts in West

, 514, 529

premature

, 472–474

promoters

, 472

in South Korea

country background

, 524–525

demographic profile

, 525–526

economic challenges

, 527–528

labor market, implications for

, 516

political challenges

, 527–528

social challenges

, 527–528

Aging workers

, 8

Aging workforce management

, 2

Ahire, S.

, 276

AHS. See Adult Hope Scale

Albanian immigrants

, 63–65, 66, 75, 76–78

Alcohol misuse

, 5

Allcover, C. M.

, 33

Allen, J.

, 275

Allgemeines Gleichbehandlungsgesetz

, 2006, 120

Allport, G. W.

, 160, 171

Altersteilzeitgesetz

, 119

American College Of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM)

, 16

Analyses of Variance (ANOVA)

, 94, 97

Ancient Hellenic communities

, 64

ANOVA. See Analyses of Variance

Antecedents

of generational conflict

, 313–314

intergenerational ambivalence

, 315–316

Anticipated benefits/threats

, 252–253

Antoniou and Dalla

, 63

Antonovsky, A.

, 192

Arad, S.

, 46

Armstrong-Stassen, M.

, 28, 34–36, 39, 51, 217–220, 235

Arnold, J. A.

, 46

Ars moriendi

, 203

Arthur, W.

, 275

Asian population

, 140

Associational solidarity

, 308

Augustus, Octavian

, 423

Autonomy and work ability

, 335–336

Avey, J. B.

, 47

Avolio, B. J.

, 47

Baby Boomers

, 445–446

aging of

, 27–28

generation

, 243

retirements

, 299

Backes-Gellner, U.

, 32

Bagg, R.

, 43

Bakker, A. B.

, 48

Bakker, A. M.

, 50

Baldwin, T. T.

, 257

Bal, P. M.

, 50

Ball, P. M.

, 50

Baltes, M. M.

, 61

Baltes, P. B.

, 61

Bandura

, 253

Barabaschi, B.

, 309

Barnes-Farrell, J. L.

, 41

Basu, S.

, 87

Behavioral economics

, 143

Bengtson, V.

, 308, 310, 311

Bennett, W. Jr.

, 275

Berg, J. M.

, 48

Bidirectional intergenerational learning

, 250

Biggs, S.

, 303, 309

Biron, C.

, 42

“Block model option”

, 119

Boehm, S. A.

, 38, 172

Bohlander, G. W.

, 275

Bohnert, A. S. B.

, 6

Bordoloi, S. K.

, 275

Borg, I.

, 87

Bridge employment

, 31, 37

Bruch, H.

, 172

Buber, M.

, 307

Burke, R.

, 42, 140

Business interrupt fraction

, 282

Bustos, S.

, 154

Cadaver discipline

, 190

Campion, M. A.

, 41, 42

Canada

, 1

Cantoni, D.

, 143

Canton, J.

, 136

Cattaneo, J.

, 34

CBM. See Condition-based maintenance

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

, 16

Chaiken, S.

, 161

Chan, A.

, 143

Chang, H. J.

, 153

Chapman, E. F.

, 45

Cheung, H. Y.

, 143

Chronic health conditions

, 340

Chronic stress

, 5

Chung, S.

, 154

Claes, R.

, 30

Cognitive dissonance-based interventions

, 174

Cognitive dissonance theory

, 174

Cognitive job insecurity

, 101, 102

Cognitive theories

, 305

Cole, S. G.

, 46

Colonialism

, 140

Common mitigation approach

, 282

Compassionate leadership, healthcare workforce

challenges in

, 550

compassion, definition

, 546

fundamental elements

, 549

GMC Leadership and management

, 548

overcome issues

, 547

and WHO

, 547

“Competitive motive”

, 143

Competitive organizational environments

, 252

Concealments

, 410

Condition-based maintenance (CBM)

, 276

Conscientiousness

, 342

Consensual solidarity

, 308, 310

Construal level theory

, 173

Continuous degradation processes

, 284n8

Contractual mandatory retirement

, 125, 126

Convenient work schedules

, 14

Cooper, C. L.

, 42, 140

“Coordinated market” economy

, 118

Corporate alumni networks

, 49

Corrective maintenance costs

, 281

Coscia, M.

, 154

Costa, D. L.

, 142

Counteractions

, 410

Counterproductive work behaviors (CWB)

, 169

Coutts, A.

, 87

Critical skills loss

, 270–273

See also Non-replaceable workforce

Cross-sectional correlations

, 145

Crouse, P.

, 43, 44

Cultural diversity

, 139

“Culture of health” in workplace

, 16

Curado, C.

, 254

Cutler, H. C.

, 191

CWB. See Counterproductive work behaviors

Darwin, C.

, 191

Default retirement age (DRA)

, 121

Degrees of formalization

, 246–248

De Grip, A.

, 270, 275

de Jong, S. B.

, 50

de Lange, A. H.

, 32, 50, 216, 217

Deller, J.

, 35, 39

Dembe, A. E.

, 40

Demographics

aging workforce

, 450

in developed world

cross-border flow

, 445

fertility rates

, 442

lifespans

, 442–443

migration

, 445

dividend, aging

, 513

drivers of change

aptitude

, 446

Baby Boomers

, 445–446

education levels

, 448

labor force participation

, 448

Millennials

, 446

resources

, 446

training

, 446

employee retention

, 448–453

experience over efficiency

, 451

financial literacy

, 452

innovation and entrepreneurial activity

, 451

policy considerations

, 453–463

retention of workers

, 451

transactional contracts

, 449

variables

, 35

Dencker, J. C.

, 304

Dendinger, V. M.

, 216

Depolo, M.

, 33

Depression

, 6

persistent

, 5

in workplace

, 5

Depressive symptoms in older workers

, 6

De Preter, H.

, 33

Derks, D.

, 48

Desmette, D.

, 170, 171

Developmental climate

, 39–40, 50

Development I-Deals

, 50

De Witte, H.

, 87, 90, 103

Díaz, P.

, 317

Diaz, W. M.

, 46

Dikkers, J.

, 32, 216, 217

Diminished productivity, older applicants

, 501–502

Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages (DMSMS)

, 272

Discrete-event simulation

, 282

Discrimination toward older workers, conceptualization of

, 160–166

Diversity among older workers

, 31

DMSMS. See Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages

Donkin, R.

, 136, 137

Doyle, W.

, 43

DRA. See Default retirement age

Drasgow, F.

, 46

Dubin, S. S.

, 275

Dugan, E.

, 40

Dutton, J. E.

, 47, 48

Duxbury, L.

, 40–41

Early retirement

, 110, 168

Early retirement plans

, 2

Earned income tax credit (EITC)

, 506

Earnest, A.

, 8

Eck, B. T.

, 275

e-commerce

, 135

Economic complexity

, 154

Economic outcome variables

, 148

EEO Trust. See Equal Employment Opportunities Trust

Ego integrity

, 61

Eisenberger, R.

, 151

Elderly dependency ratio in Canada

, 1

Elders’ statesmanship

age on

, 423–424

brilliance and lightness of soul

, 427–428

composure and integration

, 436–438

educating and training the youth

, 428–430

Greek philosophical tradition on

, 419–420

involvement of

, 434

natural/intellectual force

, 424–426

politics for life

, 430–433

thinking habit

, 426–427

unobtrusive presence

, 435–436

e-learning platforms

, 248

Emotional demands and work ability

, 334

Emotional exhaustion in older workers

, 8

Emotional stability

, 342

Emotions

, 201, 203

Employers attitudes, older applicants

age discrimination

, 497–499

aging and work, current context

, 494–497

perceptions of

attitudes

, 499

diminished productivity

, 501–502

higher cost

, 501

inability to adapt, new technology

, 500–501

short career

, 499–500

young workers’ discomfort, older colleagues

, 502–503

policy implications

age-discrimination legislation

, 504

seniority

, 503

recruiting practices

, 491–492

roadblocks, recruitment processes

, 493–494

Employment

, 80

position

, 103

regulations

, 121

status

, 79

Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being by

, 74

and support allowance

, 122

Employment-related decisions, age discrimination in

, 166

English-speaking countries

, 146

Environmental factors and work ability

, 333–334

Environmental mastery

, 62, 66

Equal Employment Opportunities (EEO) Trust

, 219, 221

Equality Employment Regulations

, 121

Erikson, E. H.

, 60

Erikson, J. M.

, 60

Esping-Andersen, G.

, 125

Ethnicity, Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being by

, 68–70

“European Certificate of Intergenerational Learning”

, 245

European Union (EU)

, 111

legal framework for

, 4

European Union law

, 165

Europe, older workers in

, 2

Eurostat unemployment

, 86

Exit age distribution

, 285–288

External labor markets

, 118

Eyerman, R.

, 302

Family status

, 103

Fassbender, U.

, 35, 39

Feelings of belonging, creating

, 51

Feldman, D. C.

, 42, 162

Female labor market inactivity

, 116

Female unemployment

, 116

Fertility rates

, 1

Field, J.

, 140

Financial benefits and older workers retention

, 325

Firm-level mandatory retirement ages

, 129

Firm-specific obsolescence

, 270

Fiscal sustainability

, 159

Fiske, S. T.

, 161

Fletcher, S.

, 8

Flexibility I-Deals

, 50

Formal intergenerational relationship

, 311–312

Formal learning

, 43

environments

, 245, 246

settings

, 247, 255

Formal mentoring program

, 249

Formal organization wide program

, 248

Francis, N.

, 141

Franz, G.

, 304

Frazier, P.

, 89

Frese, M.

, 137–139

Functional solidarity

, 309

Furnham, A.

, 143, 145, 147, 152

Gardner, F.

, 141

GDP. See Gross Domestic Product

Gender

psychological well-being as function of

, 70

Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being by

, 68–70

General Practice Specialty Training Programme (GPSTP) teaching sessions

, 549

Generational competence

, 317

Generational diversity

, 256

Generational identity

, 305

Generational imprinting

, 302

Generativity vs. stagnation

, 60

Geometric Brownian motion

, 284

George, L. K.

, 63

German metal industry

, 119

Germany

, 112, 118–120, 127, 165

employment, unemployment, and inactivity rates of aged 55–64 in

, 113–117

Giarrusso, R.

, 310

Gielnik, M. M.

, 172

Global Financial Crisis

, 2008, 117

Global job insecurity

, 100

Goal-setting theory

, 256

Goldberg, E.

, 193

Goodridge, E.

, 273, 275

Greece

, 64

See also subjective psychological well-being in Greece

Greek banking system

, 86

Greek ethnic migrants

, 65

Greek society

, 64

Gringart, E.

, 174

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

, 143

Hackman and Oldham’s (1976) job characteristics model

, 329–330

Haeger, D. L.

, 316

Hagman, J. D.

, 275

“Hands off approach”

, 121

Hausmann, R.

, 154

HDI. See Human Development Index

Health care

nurses shortage in

, 2

strategies

, 15

Health insurance programs

, 3

Health promotion program

, 11–12

Health-related distress

, 8–9

Heckhausen, J.

, 216

Hellgren, J.

, 104

Helmes, E.

, 174

Henkens, K.

, 29, 30

Hennekam, S.

, 220

Henriques, P. L.

, 254

Henry, H.

, 171

Herback, O.

, 220

Hesse, H.

, 203

Heymans, M.

, 30

Hicks, E. R.

, 43, 44

Hidago, C. A.

, 154

Higgins, C.

, 40–41

Hillcoat-Nalletamby, S.

, 310

Hilson, G.

, 273, 275

Hipp, C.

, 31

Hiring age distribution

, 286

Holt, B. A.

, 276

Homer, O.

, 197

Horace, S.

, 197

HR practices. See Human resource (HR)

Hsieh, Y.-H.

, 171

Huang, H.-C.

, 275

Huberman, M.

, 140

Human capital investment

, 276

Human capital obsolescence. See Skills obsolescence

Human Development Index (HDI)

, 143

Human resource (HR)

, 119

practices

, 121, 123, 214, 220–221

supporting mature-age workers

, 226–232

types of

, 32

strategies, applicable to older workers

, 216–218

Human skills models

existing

, 275–276

modeling

, 277–284

Human skills obsolescence

, 272

Hume, D.

, 191

Hutcheson, F.

, 188, 191

I-Deals

, 50

Immigrant

, 65

age, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction of

, 78–79

comparing native Greeks and

, 76–77

groups

, 63–65

Immigration

, 80

Immoral behavior triggers resistance

, 202–203

Immorality

, 470

Implicit knowledge

, 244

“Incumbency-based generational identity”

, 305

Independent variables

satisfaction with life scale as function of

, 74–76

Individual outcomes

, 166–168

Informal intergenerational learning

, 246

Informal learning

, 43–44, 245, 246

Informal workplace relations

, 312

Ingroup identity model

, 170

Initiative 50plus

, 120

Institute of Medicine (IOM)

, 5

Integrity vs. despair

, 60

Intensive information technology adoption

, 242

Intergenerational ambivalence

, 310–311, 319

antecedents

, 315–316

dealing with

, 316–317

managing

, 315

Intergenerational communities

, 249

Intergenerational conflict

, 309–310, 313

dealing with

, 314–315

Intergenerational discounting

, 314

Intergenerational exchange

, 246

Intergenerational knowledge

, 252

Intergenerational learning

, 241–242

activities

, 253

activities, framework of

, 245–250

anticipated benefits/threats

, 252–253

duration time

, 254–255

generations in workplace

, 242–245

goal clarity

, 256–257

institutionalized support

, 255–256

intention to share knowledge

, 250–251

knowledge self-efficacy

, 253

leadership

, 257–258

opportunities for knowledge application

, 257

organizational research on

, 242

peer support

, 258

stereotypes/attitudes about different generations

, 251–252

task complexity

, 256

voluntariness

, 253–254

Intergenerational mentoring

, 248

Intergenerational relations

Baby Boomer retirements

, 299

generations in organizations, conceptualizing

, 301–307

between generations, managing

age diversity

, 312–313

antecedents of generational conflict

, 313–314

intergenerational ambivalence

, 315–317

intergenerational conflict

, 313, 314–315

informal workplace relations

, 312

intergenerational ambivalence

, 310–311

intergenerational conflict

, 309–310

intergenerational solidarity

, 308–309

solidarity, conflict, and ambivalence in

, 307–308

work-related intergenerational relationships

, 311–312

Intergenerational service learning programs

, 244

Intergenerational solidarity

, 166, 168, 308–309, 316

Intergroup contact theory

, 171

Intergroup theory

, 317

Internal consistency reliability coefficients

, 90, 93

Iweins, C.

, 170

Jackson, S. E.

, 313

Jacobson, J. D.

, 216

Jansen, P.

, 32, 50, 216, 217

Japan

, 112, 123–125, 127

employment, unemployment, and inactivity rates of aged 55–64 in

, 113–117

older individuals in

, 111

Japanese labor market system

, 123

Japanese pension system

, 124

Japanese-style employment institutions

, 123

Jimenez, L.

, 317

Job-AQTIV Law

, 120

Job attitudes and age

categories of foci

, 388

cognitive evaluations

, 387

emotion regulation

, 389–390

satisfaction

, 387–388

work motivation

, 390–391

Job attributes

, 219

Job boredom and work ability

, 333

Job crafting

, 47–48

and work ability

, 337

Job demands

, 332

Job demands-resources model (JD-R)

, 330–331

Job design

, 234

and lifespan development theory

, 331

Job insecurity

, 87, 103, 104

age and

, 399–404

individual implications

, 409–412

organizational implications

, 409–412

and outcomes

, 404–409

societal implications

, 409–412

Job loss

age and

, 399–404

and outcomes

, 404–409

Job performance and age

adaptive behaviors

, 386–387

citizenship behaviors

, 382–384

counterproductive behaviors

, 384–385

and motives

, 378–379

and performance dimensions

, 380–381

task performance

, 381–382

workforce continues to

, 377

Job Release Scheme

, 122

Job resources

, 335

Job satisfaction

, 224, 233

Job stressor

, 87

Joshi, A.

, 304–306, 313

Kaler, M.

, 89

Kanfer, R.

, 216

Kao, S.-F.

, 171

Kertzer, D. I.

, 302, 303

Keyes, C. L. M.

, 63

Kinship theory

, 306, 307

Kirkcaldy, B. D.

, 152

Kivnick, H. Q.

, 61

Knowledge application, opportunities for

, 257

Knowledge-based theory of firm

, 243

Knowledge co-creation

, 243–244

Knowledge map

, 256

Knowledge restructuring

, 244

Knowledge self-efficacy

, 253

Knowledge sharing

, 243

behaviors

, 258

Koc-Menard, S.

, 41, 49

Koochaki, J.

, 276

Kooij, D.

, 216, 217

Kooij, D. T. A. M.

, 32, 33

Korea

, 112, 125–128

employment, unemployment, and inactivity rates of aged 55–64 in

, 113–117

older individuals in

, 111

Korean female

employment

, 117

labor market

, 117

Korean public policy

, 128

Korean unemployment rate

, 117

Krings, F.

, 166

Kunze, F.

, 38, 172

Kuron, L.

, 304

Labor-force participation

, 48

Labor market inactivity

, 117

data

, 113

Labor market participation

, 128

in United Kingdom

, 123

Lama, D.

, 191

Large-scale workforce reductions

, 86

Last resort workers

, 400

Lawrence, B. S.

, 315

Leadership

, 257–258

role of

, 172, 173

Learning culture

creating

, 43–44

Learning formalization, degree of

, 246

Learning strategies

, 43

Lee, L.-H.

, 275

Legacy system support application

, 284–285

exit age distribution

, 285–288

mapping workforce pool size

, 288–289

non-stationary model results

, 293

stationary model results

, 290–293

Legal framework for European Union

, 4

Leibold, M.

, 275

Level of education

, 103

Lewin, K.

, 191

Liberal market philosophy

, 128

“Liberal residual”

, 120

Life expectancy

, 139

Life-long learning measures

, 120

Life satisfaction

, 79, 88–89

of immigrants

, 77–78

Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS)

, 93

Lifespan theory

, 61

of Erikson

, 60

Lifespan Theory of Control

, 216

Linear multiple regression analysis

, 149

Lingham, T.

, 316

Liu, S.

, 31

LoBuglio, N.

, 48

Locus of control

, 88

Loher, B. T.

, 257

Long-term intergenerational initiatives

, 255

Long-term investments

, 314

Long-term stress for employees

, 10

Long-term sustainability of national-level welfare state policies

, 110

Lower birth rates

, 27

Low labor market participation

, 118

Low-quality work environment

, 7

Lu, L.

, 171

Luthans, B. C.

, 46

Luthans, F.

, 44, 46–47

Luthans, K. W.

, 46

Lynn, R.

, 143

Lyons, S.

, 304

Mabry, J. B.

, 310

Macro organizational environment

, 46

Magjuka, R. J.

, 257

Mainframe application programmers, shortage of

, 273

Maintenance time model

, 283

Managers, role of

, 14

Manheim, K.

, 302, 303

Manufacturing-based economy

, 3

Mapping function, parameters for

, 288

Marital status

, 78–79

Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being by

, 70–74

Martin, T.

, 152

Martocchio, J. J.

, 304

Mathews, R. A.

, 46

Maurer, T.

, 45

Mayhew, K.

, 275

McClelland, D.

, 146, 152

McCrea, S. M.

, 173

McGee, M. K.

, 273, 275

McGilchrist, I.

, 189

McKee, M.

, 87

McLeod, L.

, 233

McMurray, A.

, 143

McNelly, T. L.

, 275

McPhee, D. M.

, 37

Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)

, 93

“Meaning of life”

, 88

Meaning of Work (MOW) model

, 34

Mechanical solidarity

, 309

Medium-sized employers

, 124

Mental health

, 4–10, 340

age-related variables

, 8

age stereotypes and discrimination toward older workers

, 3–4

aging population

, 1–2

definition of

, 17

health promotion programs

, 11–12

low-quality work environment

, 7

occupational stress

, 4–6

professionals

, 9–10

retirement and

, 10–11

strategies and recommendations for safe and healthy working environment for older adults

, 13–16

Mental silence

, 189, 196, 208

Mentoring

, 49

Mentoring program

, 255

Metastereotypes

, 252

Mezuk, B.

, 6

Millennials

, 446

Mill, J. S.

, 207

Milton, J.

, 190

Minns, C.

, 140

MLQ. See Meaning in Life Questionnaire

Money beliefs

, 151, 153

Morales, J. F.

, 33

Morgeson and Humphrey’s (2006) work design model

, 330

Morianao, J. A.

, 33

“Multistage rocket propulsion”

, 144

Multivariate analysis of variance

, 70, 74

Mutschler, P.

, 40

Mutual knowledge exchange

, 249

Myrdalian hypothesis

, 530–531

National Centre for Ethics in Health Care

, 548

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) program

, 15

National-level policy

, 112

National-level welfare state policies, long-term sustainability of

, 110

National Pension Insurance

, 124

National Pension Scheme

, 126

National retirement age

, 126

National Service Framework for Older People

, 538

Native Greeks and immigrants, comparing

, 76–77

The Nature of Prejudice (Allport)

, 160

Negative age stereotypes

, 251–252

Negative stereotypes

, 3

Neuroticism

, 342

“New Deal” program

, 122

New Zealand

abilities and motives of older workers

, 214–216

attitudes and behaviors toward older workers

, 225–226

human resource practices

, 220–221

supporting mature-age workers

, 226–232

human resource strategies applicable to older workers

, 216–218

intentions to quit organization

, 224

mature workers, importance of HR practices to

, 219–220

methods

, 221–222

OECD

, 214

retirement, reduced hours, and quit intentions

, 223

well-being and satisfaction

, 224–225

workforce aging in

, 213

work hours, reducing

, 223–224

Ng, T. W. H.

, 42, 162

Nguyen, H. H.

, 76

Nietzsche, F.

, 188, 191

Non-replaceable workforce

causes and influences

, 273–274

human skills models

existing

, 275–276

modeling

, 277–284

impact of skills loss on system support

, 274–275

legacy system support application

, 284–285

exit age distribution

, 285–288

mapping workforce pool size

, 288–289

non-stationary model results

, 293

stationary model results

, 290–293

workforce aging

, 269

Non-stationary model

, 277n5, 284, 294

results

, 293

Normative solidarity

, 308

Nurses shortage in health care

, 2

Nursing times

, 548

Obsolescence

, 272

OCB. See Organizational citizenship behaviors

Occupational pension schemes

, 122

Occupational stress

, 4–6

Oishi, S.

, 89

Old age

definition

, 538

dependency ratio

, 110

and health

, 538

Older adults, strategies and recommendations for safe and healthy working environment for

, 13–16

Older employees

, 489

interventions for

, 14

See also Employers attitudes, older applicants

Older nurses report

, 3

Older workers

, 314

abilities and motives of

, 214–216

age discrimination in workplace

, 164–166

age stereotypes and discrimination toward

, 3–4

attitudes and behaviors toward

, 225–226

common identity, facilitating

, 170–171

in Europe

, 2

harnessing cognitive dissonance

, 174

high-quality contact between age groups, stimulating

, 171–172

human resource strategies applicable to

, 216–218

individual and organizational outcomes

, 166–169

interdependence of stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination toward

, 160–161

job factors supporting ongoing employment of

, 230, 231

organizational factors supporting ongoing employment of

, 228–229

organizational factors, understanding

, 172–173

organizational initiatives for

, 27–28

age and work-related motives

, 32–33

age-specific HR practices for

, 28–29

aging workforce, retaining talents of

, 50–51

border organizational issues about

, 30–31

company innovation

, 31–32

of continuing to work, benefits to

, 31

human resource management practices and employee retention

, 37–40

job performance of

, 32

new patterns of career extension

, 36–37

perceived and actual challenges facing

, 30

predictors of continuing to work

, 34–35

quality of work and health of

, 34

retain

, 29–30

retirement

, 33, 34

unretire

, 35–36

utilizing talents of

, 41–44

working and caregiving

, 40–41

work-related attitudes, skills, and competences

, 44–49

personal factors supporting ongoing employment of

, 230, 232

prejudices toward

, 163–164

psychological distance, reducing

, 173

retirement intentions of

, 223

and their empirical (counter) evidence, stereotypes about

, 162–163

Older workers retention

importance and impact

financial benefits

, 325

on individuals

, 324–325

on organizations

, 326

physical and psychological health benefits

, 325–326

on society

, 326–327

work ability

, 327–329

additional resources and protective factors

, 342–343

autonomy

, 335–336

construct

, 324

emotional demands

, 334

environmental factors

, 333–334

Hackman and Oldham’s (1976) job characteristics model

, 329–330

job boredom

, 333

job crafting

, 337

job demands

, 332

job demands-resources model (JD-R)

, 330–331

job design and lifespan development theory

, 331

job resources

, 335

Morgeson and Humphrey’s (2006) work design model

, 330

personal health

, 339–340

personality

, 341–342

personal resources and demands

, 338–339

physical demands

, 333–334

role conflict

, 332–333

schedule control

, 338

self-efficacy

, 341

supervisor and coworker support

, 336

supporting methods

, 331–343

task significance

, 336–337

work overload

, 332

On-line questionnaire survey

, 222

Open communication culture

, 255

Optimization

, 331

Organic solidarity

, 309

Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB)

, 162, 168

Organizational culture

, 166

Organizational decision-making

, 163

Organizational demography theory

, 313

Organizational factors, understanding

, 172–173

“Organizational forgetting”

, 270–271

Organizational outcomes

, 168–169

Organizational reward system

, 253

Organization empowerment practices

, 46

OWICW

, 34

Oyama, P. S.

, 308

Parry, E.

, 302

Passey, M.

, 8

“Peak wage” schemes

, 126

Pearson-Product Moment Correlations

, 149

Peer support

, 258

Pension system

, 119

Performance-based approach

, 166

Persistent depression

, 5

Personal health and work ability

, 339–340

Personality and work ability

, 341–342

Personal resources and demands

, 338–339

Peterson, S. J.

, 47

Pettigrew, T. F.

, 171

Pew Research Center

, 539

Phillips, J. E.

, 310

Physical and psychological health benefits

, 325–326

Physical demands and work ability

, 333–334

Physical health

, 339–340

Piktialis, D.

, 40

Pinazo, S.

, 317

Planned behavior, theory of

, 250

Platteau, E.

, 315

Plutarch

, 419–421

PMFs. See Probability mass functions

Pontic Greeks

, 64, 65, 69, 75, 76, 77

Population aging

, 109, 110

of 21st century

, 1

Positive psychology

, 101

Postuma, R. A.

, 41, 42

Poverty

, 77

Prejudice toward older workers, conceptualization of

, 160–166

Premature aging, dementia

, 472

Presenteeism

, 9

Pre-training self-efficacy

, 253

Primary prevention programs

, 11

Private sector employers

, 122

Proactive personality

, 45

Probability mass functions (PMFs)

, 277

Procedural injustice

, 314

Professional orchestral musicians

aging body systems

auditory system

, 365–366

and BMI

, 368

cognitive functioning

, 368–370

musculoskeletal system

, 361–363

neurological system

, 363–365

respiratory system

, 367

visual system

, 366–367

to become

, 357–359

in old age

, 359–360

Proper, K. I.

, 48

Protestantism

, 143

Protestant Work Ethic (PWE)

, 143

Psychological Capital (PsyCap)

, 46–47

Psychological contract (PC), age and

, 478–482

Psychological distance, reducing

, 173

Psychological distress

, 100

Psychological empowerment, feelings of

, 46

Psychological theories

, 306

Psychological vulnerabilities, at work

, 474–478

confiding relationship

, 477

job insecurity

, 477–478

negative work event

, 478

past loss

, 476

workloads and relationships

, 477

Psychological well-being

, 78–79

gender differences on dimensions of

, 78

of immigrants

, 77–78

Public “active ageing” policies

, 113

Public policy approach

, 122

Public sector pension schemes

, 123

Pull factors

, 111

in retirement decision

, 30, 33

Push factors

, 111

in retirement decision

, 30, 33

PWE. See Protestant Work Ethic

Quality of employment

, 86

Ramey, V. A.

, 141

Rapid population aging

, 125

Rational Emotive Therapy

, 195

Ratliff, S.

, 6

Reciprocal mentoring

, 49, 250

Redundancy schemes

, 121

Reemployment

age and

, 399–404

outcomes and age

, 403

Resistance wisdom

, 203

Respondents

, 221, 224, 225, 233, 234

injury, health, and disability

, 225

organizations, HR practices engaged in by

, 226–227

qualitative responses regarding desirable practices

, 228–232

rating of HR practice importance

, 227–228

Retirement

, 137, 223

age

, 8, 11

intentions of older workers

, 223

and mental health

, 10–11

Rhoades, J. A.

, 46

Ribeiro, S.

, 254

Risk reduction strategies for stress

, 8

Roh, H.

, 313

Role conflict and work ability

, 332–333

Ryff, C. D.

, 62

Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being

, 66

by employment status and age

, 74

by ethnicity, age, and gender

, 68–70

internal consistency of

, 68

by marital status and age

, 70–74

Sáez, J.

, 317

Salary

, 103

Salary protection clauses

, 120

Salter, K. M.

, 104

Sánchez, M.

, 317

Sandborn and Prabhakar

, 277

Satisfaction With Life Scale

, 68

Schabracq, M. J.

, 195

Schedule control and work ability

, 338

Schippers, J.

, 30

Schlosser, F.

, 35–39, 51, 220

Schofield, D.

, 8

Schroeder, H. S.

, 38

Schultz, K. S.

, 31

Schulz, R.

, 216

Scott, D.

, 143

Sector-specific obsolescence

, 270

Seelert, B.

, 206

Selection

, 331

Self-acceptance

, 62, 68, 73

Self-confidence

, 139

Self-efficacy

, 44–45

and work ability

, 341

Self-employment

, 37

Self-knowledge

, 198–199

Sense of community in workplace

, 11

Shacklock, K.

, 216

Shank, D.

, 151

Shapiro, A.

, 63

Shi, J.

, 35

SHRCs. See Silver Human Resource Centres

Shrestha, R.

, 8

Shukko

, 123

Siegrist, J.

, 34

Silver Human Resource Centres (SHRCs)

, 124

Silverstein, M.

, 310

Simon, H.

, 201

Singer, I. B.

, 203

Skill shortage

, 270

Skills obsolescence

, 270

Small-sized employers

, 124

Smith, A.

, 191

Snell, S. A.

, 275

Snyder, C. R.

, 88

Snyder’s cognitive model

, 93

Social cognitive theory

, 253

Social environment of workplace

, 5

Social identity theory

, 170, 302

Social networking

, 137

Social role theory

, 306

Social security system

, 118, 119, 128

Social-structural approach

, 303

Solidarity model

, 317

Song, H.

, 275

SPA. See State Pension Age

Spector, P. E.

, 88

Speelman, C.

, 174

Spreitzer

, 46

Stajkovic, A. D.

, 44

Stakeholders

, 274, 274n4

Stanush, P. L.

, 275

State-financed early retirement pathway

, 111, 119

State-financed scheme

, 119

State Pension Age (SPA)

, 122

State pension payments

, 122

Stationary model

, 284

results

, 290–293

Stationary process

, 284n7

Steger, M. F.

, 89

Stereotype toward older workers, conceptualization of

, 160–166

Stinglhamber, F.

, 170

Stochastic discrete-event simulator

, 292

Stress-related behaviors

, 8

Strijk, J. E.

, 48

Stringent societal age norms

, 161

Structural solidarity

, 308

Stuckler, D.

, 87

Subjective psychological well-being in Greece

, 85

active labor market programs

, 87

Adult Hope Scale (AHS)

, 93

Eurostat unemployment

, 86

instruments

, 90–92

life satisfaction

, 88–89

Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS)

, 93

Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)

, 93

participants

, 89–90

procedure

, 94

results

, 94–100

Work Locus of Control Scale (WLCS)

, 94

Suhrcke, M.

, 87

Super-aging society

, 27

Supervisor and coworker support

, 336

Supervisory empowerment behaviours

, 46

Supporting methods and work ability

, 331–343

Sverke, M.

, 104

Synthesized exit age distribution

, 287

Talaska, C. A.

, 161

Task significance

, 336–337

Templer, A.

, 28

“Temporal proximal”

, 144

Tenseki

, 123

Tenure-based employment security

, 120

Tertiary education

, 142

Therborn, G.

, 141

Thunk, R.

, 152

Time-to-failure distributions

, 282

Tims, M.

, 48

Topa, G.

, 33

Trade unions

, 119, 124

Training programs

, 15

Trait competitiveness

, 151

Transfer climate

, 257

Tropp, L. R.

, 171

Turner, B. S.

, 302

Unemployment

rates in Japan

, 113

unemployment in UK

, 113

United Kingdom (UK)

, 112, 120–123, 127

employment rate

, 117

employment, unemployment, and inactivity rates of aged 55–64 in

, 113–117

labor market participation in

, 123

public sector organizations

, 33

Univariate Analyses of Variance

, 74

Urwin, P.

, 302

U.S. Census Bureau

, 59

van Dalen, H. P.

, 29, 30

van der Beek, A. J.

, 48

Van Loo, J.

, 270, 275

van Mechelen, W.

, 48

van Vuuren, T.

, 87

Veen, S.

, 32

Verworn, B.

, 31, 32, 38

Vigilance

, 203

Vital@Work program

, 48

Voelpel, S.

, 275

Volltmen, J.-B.

, 35

Voluntary-redundancy approach

, 166

Wade-Benzoni, K. A.

, 310, 314

Wahrendorf, M.

, 34

Waldman, J.

, 275

Wang, M.

, 29, 31, 35, 39

“War for talent”

, 28

Welfare benefits

, 119

Welfare state policies

, 118

Wennekers, S.

, 152

Wernik, B. M.

, 39

Wisdom

age and

, 185

development and

adulthood

, 193–194

freedom

, 194–195

openness and introspection

, 195–196

personal mission

, 196–197

view

, 186–193

yields of

, 197, 205–207

dealing with change

, 203–204

effectiveness

, 199–203

pleasure and happiness

, 207–209

self-knowledge

, 198–199

WLCS. See Work Locus of Control Scale

Wohrmann, A. M.

, 39

Work

overload

, 332

psychological vulnerabilities at

, 474–478

Work ability (WA)

construct

, 324

definition

, 324

older workers retention

, 327–329

additional resources and protective factors

, 342–343

autonomy

, 335–336

construct

, 324

emotional demands

, 334

environmental factors

, 333–334

Hackman and Oldham’s (1976) job characteristics model

, 329–330

job boredom

, 333

job crafting

, 337

job demands

, 332

job demands-resources model (JD-R)

, 330–331

job design and lifespan development theory

, 331

job resources

, 335

Morgeson and Humphrey’s (2006) work design model

, 330

personal health

, 339–340

personality

, 341–342

personal resources and demands

, 338–339

physical demands

, 333–334

role conflict

, 332–333

schedule control

, 338

self-efficacy

, 341

supervisor and coworker support

, 336

supporting methods

, 331–343

task significance

, 336–337

work overload

, 332

Worker vitality

, 48–49

Workforce diversity

, 313

Workforce planning

maintenance

, 275–276

models

, 276

Workforce pool size

and experience calculation

, 278–280

mapping

, 288–289

Work hours, reduction of

, 223–224

“Working pensioners” system

, 124

Work Locus of Control Scale (WLCS)

, 94

Workplace learning

, 43

Workplace stressors reduction

, 41–42

Work-related intergenerational relationships

, 311–312

Work-related variables

, 303

World Health Organization (WHO), for mental health, definition of

, 17

Wrzesniewski, A.

, 47, 48

Wu wei

, 192, 206

Yorkshire and the Humber (Y&H) studied leadership domains

, 549

Young, J. D.

, 43

Yzerbyt, V.

, 170

Zacher, H.

, 171, 172

Zhan, Y.

, 31, 35

Zinni, D.

, 35–36, 38

Zivin, K.

, 6