References

Adler (1996) Adler, N. (1996). Global women leaders: An invisible history, an increasingly important future. The Leadership Quarterly, 7(1), 133–161.

Adler (2006) Adler, N. (2006). The arts & leadership: Now that we can do anything, what will we do? Academy of Management Learning and Education, 5(4), 486–499.

Agar (1980) Agar, C. (1980). Professional stranger: An informal introduction to ethnography. New York, NY: Academic Press.

Ahern (1999) Ahern, K. (1999). Ten tips for reflexive bracketing. Qualitative Health Research, 9, 407–411.

Alasuutari (1995) Alasuutari, P. (1995). Qualitative methods and analysis. London: Sage.

Alexander, Comfort, Weiner, & Bogue (2001) Alexander, J. , Comfort, M. , Weiner, B. , & Bogue, M. (2001). Leadership in collaborative community health partnerships. Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 12(2), 159–175.

Alvesson (1992) Alvesson, M. (1992). Leadership as social integrative action: A study of a computer consultancy company. Organization Studies, 13(2), 185–209.

Alvesson (1996) Alvesson, M. (1996). Leadership studies: From procedure and abstraction to reflexivity and situation. The Leadership Quarterly, 7(4), 455–485.

Alvesson & Deetz (2000) Alvesson, M. , & Deetz, S. (2000). Doing critical management research. London: Sage.

Alvesson & Kärreman (2011) Alvesson, M. , & Kärreman, D. (2011). Qualitative research and theory development. London: Sage.

Alvesson & Sveningsson (2003) Alvesson, M. , & Sveningsson, S. (2003). The great disappearing act: Difficulties in doing leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 14, 359–381.

Amernic, Craig, & Tourish (2007) Amernic, J. , Craig, R. , & Tourish, D. (2007). The transformational leader as pedagogue, physician, architect, and saint in Jack Welch’s letters to stakeholders of General Electric. Human Relations, 60(12), 1839–1872. doi:10.1177/0018726707084916

Amundsen & Martinsen (2014) Amundsen, S. , & Martinsen, Ǿ. L. (2014). Empowering leadership: Construct clarification, conceptualization, and validation of a new scale. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(3), 487–511.

Anderson, Krajewski, Goffin, & Jackson (2008) Anderson, D. W. , Krajewski, H. T. , Goffin, R. D. , & Jackson, D. N. (2008). A leadership self-efficacy taxonomy and its relation to effective leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 19(5), 595–608. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2008.07.003

Anderson, Goolishan, & Winderband (1986) Anderson, H. , Goolishan, H. , & Winderband, L. (1986). Problem determined systems: Toward transformation in family therapy. Journal of Strategic and Systems Therapies, 5, 1–14.

Andrade (2009) Andrade, A. (2009). Interpretive research aiming at theory building: Adopting and adapting case study design. The Qualitative Report, 14(1), 42–60.

Anfara & Mertz (2006) Anfara, V. , & Mertz, N. (2006). Theoretical frameworks in qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Antes & Mumford (2012) Antes, A. L. , & Mumford, M. D. (2012). Strategies for leader cognition: Viewing the glass “half full” and “half empty”. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(3), 425–442.

Appelbaum et al. (2004) Appelbaum, S. , Bartolomucci, N. , Boulanger, J. , Corrigon, R. , Doré, I. , Girard, C. , & Serroni, C. (2004). Organizational citizenship behavior: A case study of culture, leadership and trust. Management Decision, 42(1), 13–40.

Archer & Cameron (2013) Archer, D. , & Cameron, A. (2013). Collaborative leadership: Building relationships, handling conflict and sharing control. New York, NY: Routledge.

Arksey & Knight (1999) Arksey, H. , & Knight, P. (1999). Interviewing in the social sciences. London: Sage.

Atkinson (1988) Atkinson, P. (1988). Ethnomethodology: A critical review. Annual Review of Sociology, 14, 441–465.

Aubosson (2002) Aubosson, P. (2002). Using metaphor to make sense and build theory in qualitative analysis. The Qualitative Report. Retrieved from http://nova.edu/ssss/OR/QR7-4/aubusson.htms. Accessed on February 14, 2008.

Aveni & McMillan (1990) Aveni, R. , & McMillan, I. (1990). Crisis and content of managerial communications: A study of the focus of attention of top managers in surviving and failing firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(4), 634–658.

Avey, Avolio, & Luthans (2011) Avey, J. B. , Avolio, B. J. , & Luthans, F. (2011). Experimentally analyzing the impact of leader positivity on follower positivity and performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(2), 292–294.

Avey, Reichard, Luthans, & Mhatre (2011) Avey, J. B. , Reichard, R. J. , Luthans, F. , & Mhatre, K. H. (2011). Meta-analysis of the impact of positive psychological capital on employee attitudes, behaviors, and performance. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 22(2), 127–152. doi:10.1002/hrdq.20070

Avolio & Bass (1988) Avolio, B. , & Bass, B. (1988). Transformational leadership, charisma and beyond. In J. Hunt , H. Baliga , & C. Dachler (Eds.), Emerging leadership vistas. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Avolio & Bass (2004) Avolio, B. , & Bass, B. (2004). Multifactor leadership questionnaire: Sampler set: Manual, forms, and scoring key. Menlo Park, CA: MindGarden Inc.

Avolio & Gardner (2005) Avolio, B. , & Gardner, W. L. (2005). Authentic leadership development: Getting to the roots of positive forms of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 315–338.

Avolio, Gardner, Walumbwa, Luthans, & May (2004) Avolio, B. J. , Gardner, W. L. , Walumbwa, F. O. , Luthans, F. , & May, D. R. (2004). Unlocking the mask: A look at the process by which authentic leaders impact follower attitudes and behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(6), 801–823.

Awamleh & Gardner (1999) Awamleh, R. , & Gardner, W. (1999). Perceptions of leader charisma and effectiveness: The effects of vision content, delivery, and organizational performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 1(3), 345–373.

Badaracco (2002) Badaracco, J. L. (2002). Leading quietly: An unorthodox guide to doing the right thing. Boston, MA: Harvard University School Press.

Badaracco (2001) Badaracco, J. L. (2001). We don’t need another hero. Harvard Business Review, 79(8), 121–127.

Bagley & Cancienne (2001) Bagley, C. , & Cancienne, M. (2001). Educational research and intertextual forms of (re)presentation: The case for dancing the data. Qualitative Inquiry, 7(2), 221–237.

Bagley & Cancienne (2002) Bagley, C. , & Cancienne, M. (2002). Dancing the data. New York, NY: Peter Lang.

Bal (1985) Bal, M. (1985). Narratology: Introduction to the theory of narrative. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Bamford (2007) Bamford, A. (2007). Form: An alternative to validity in qualitative, arts-based researched. Retrieved from http://www.aare.edu.au/00pap/bam00016.htm. Accessed on June 15, 2007.

Bampton & Cowton (2002) Bampton, R. , & Cowton, C. (2002). The e-interview. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 3(2). Retrieved from http://www.qualitative-reserach.net/fqs-eng.htm. Accessed on January 12, 2007.

Bania, Nirenberg, & Menachem (2000) Bania, M. , Nirenberg, J. , & Menachem, M. (2000). Leadership in self-managing organizations: Orpheus and a date plantation. Journal of Leadership Studies, 7(3), 3–17.

Bansil & Corey (2011) Bansil, P. , & Corey, K. (2011). The coming age of qualitative research: Embracing the diversity of qualitative methods. Academy of Management Journal, 54(2), 233–237.

Banyard & Miller (1998) Banyard, V. , & Miller, K. (1998). The powerful potential of qualitative research for community psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology, 2(4), 485–505.

Barbash & Taylor (1997) Barbash, I. , & Taylor, L. (1997). Cross-cultural filmmaking. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Barbour (2001) Barbour, R. (2001). Checklists for improving rigor in qualitative research: A case of the tail wagging dog. British Medical Journal, 322, 1115–1117.

Barbour (2007) Barbour, R. (2007). Doing focus groups. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Barczak & Wilemon (1992) Barczak, G. , & Wilemon, D. (1992). Successful new product team leaders. Industrial Marketing Management, 21(1), 61–68.

Barge & Oliver (2002) Barge, K. , & Oliver, C. (2002). Working with appreciation in managerial practice. Academy of Management Review, 26(1), 124–142.

Barker (1997) Barker, R. (1997). How can we train leaders if we do not know what leadership is? Human Relations, 50(4), 343–362.

Barley, Meyer, & Gash (1988) Barley, S. , Meyer, G. , & Gash, D. (1988). Cultures of cultures: Academics, practitioners, and the pragmatics of normative control. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33, 24–60.

Barone (2003) Barone, T. (2003). Challenging the educational imagery: Issues of form, substance, and quality in film-based research. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(2), 202–217.

Barrett & Fry (2005) Barrett, F. J. , & Fry, R. E. (2005). Appreciative inquiry: A positive Approach to building cooperative capacity. Chagrin Falls, OH: Taos Institute.

Bass (1985) Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York, NY: Free Press.

Bass (1990) Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass and Stogdill’s handbook of leadership theory and research: Theory, research, and managerial applications, New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.

Bateson & Mead (1942) Bateson, G. , & Mead, M. (1942). Balinese character: A photographic analysis. New York, NY: New York Academy of Sciences.

Bavelas (1995) Bavelas, J. (1995). Quantitative versus qualitative? In W. Leeds-Hurwitz (Ed.), Social approaches to communication (pp. 49–62). New York, NY: Guildford.

Baxter & Jack (2008) Baxter, P. , & Jack, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology: Study design and implementation for novice researchers. The Qualitative Report, 13(4), 544–559.

Bazeley (2004) Bazeley, P. (2004). Issues in mixing qualitative and quantitative approaches to research. In R. Buber , J. Gadner , & L. Richards (Eds.), Applying qualitative methods to marketing management research (pp. 141–156). Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.

Bebb (2009) Bebb, S. (2009). The structure of role transition: A phenomenological study of successful executives from five countries. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 4(2), 223–243.

Becker (1996) Becker, H. (1996). The epistemology of qualitative research. In R. Jessor , A. Colby , & R. Schweder (Eds.), Essays on ethnography and human development (pp. 53–72). Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.

Becker (1998) Becker, H. (1998). Visual sociology, documentary photography, and photojournalism: It’s (almost) all a matter of contexts. In J. Prosser (Ed.), Image-based research: A sourcebook for qualitative researchers (pp. 84–96). London: Falmer Press.

Beech (2000) Beech, N. (2000). Narrative styles of managers and workers: A tale of star-crossed lovers. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 3(2), 210–228.

Bell (2001) Bell, P. (2001). Content analysis of visual images. In T. Van Leeuwen & C. Jewitt (Eds.), Handbook of visual analysis (pp. 12–34). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Benison (1990) Benison, E. (1990). Viewing the presidency: Perceptual congruence between presidents and leaders on their campuses. The Leadership Quarterly, 1(2), 71–90.

Benner (1994) Benner, P. (Ed.). (1994). Interpretive phenomenology: Embodiment, caring, and ethics in health and illness. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Bennis & Thomas (2002) Bennis, W. , & Thomas, R. (2002). Geeks and Geezers: How era, values, and defining moments shape leaders. Boston, MA: Harvard University School Press.

Berger & Luckman (1967) Berger, P. , & Luckman, T. (1967). The social construction of reality. Garden City, NY: Anchor.

Bergman & Coxon (2005) Bergman, M. , & Coxon, A. (2005). The quality in qualitative methods. FSS Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 6(2), Article 34.

Bering Keiding (2010) Bering Keiding, T. (2010). Observing participating observations – A re-description based on systems theory. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 11(3), Article 11.

Bernard (1994) Bernard, H. (1994). Research methods in anthropology: Qualitative and quantitative approaches (2nd ed.). Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.

Bernard & Ryan (2010) Bernard, H. , & Ryan, G. (2010). Analyzing qualitative data: Systematic approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Bettman & Weitz (1983) Bettman, J. , & Weitz, B. (1983). Attributions in the board room: Causal reasoning in corporate annual reports. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, 165–183.

Beyer & Browning (1999) Beyer, J. , & Browning, L. (1999). Transforming an industry in crisis: Charisma, routinization, and supportive cultural leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 10(3), 483–520.

Bhattacharya (2008) Bhattacharya, H. (2008). New critical collaborative ethnography. In N. Hesse-Biber & P. Leavy (Eds.), Handbook of emergent methods (pp. 303–322). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Biermann, Kearney, & Marggraf (2015) Biermann, T. , Kearney, E. , & Marggraf, K. (2015). Empowering leadership and managers’ career perceptions: Examining effects at both the individual and the team level. The Leadership Quarterly, 26(5), 775–789.

Biesta & Burbules (2003) Biesta, G. J. J. , & Burbules, N. (2003). Pragmatism and educational research. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.

Biezenski (1996) Biezenski, R. (1996). The struggle for solidarity, 1980–1981: Two waves of leadership in conflict. Europe-Asia Studies, 48(2), 261–285.

Bird (1998) Bird, A. (1998). Philosophy of science. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Birnbaum (1990) Birnbaum, R. (1990). “How’m I doing”? How college presidents assess their effectiveness. The Leadership Quarterly, 1(1), 25–39.

Bligh & Kohles (2014) Bligh, M. , & Kohles, J. (2014). Comparing leaders across contexts, culture, and time: Computerized content analysis of leader-follower communications. Leadership, 10(2), 142–159.

Bligh, Kohles, & Meindl (2004a) Bligh, M. , Kohles, J. , & Meindl, J. (2004a). Charting the language of leadership: A methodological investigation of President Bush and the crisis of 9/11. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 562–574.

Bligh, Kohles, & Meindl (2004b) Bligh, M. , Kohles, J. , & Meindl, J. (2004b). Charisma under crisis: Presidential leadership, rhetoric, and media responses before and after the September 11 terrorist attacks. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(2), 211–239.

Block & Erskine (2012) Block, E. , & Erskine, L. (2012). Interviewing by telephone: Specific considerations, opportunities, and challenges. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 11(4), 428–445.

Block (1993) Block, P. (1993). Stewardship: Choosing service over self-interest. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Blumenfeld-Jones (1995) Blumenfeld-Jones, D. (1995). Fidelity as a criterion for practicing and evaluating narrative inquiry. In J. Hatch & R. Wisniewski (Eds.), Life history and narrative (pp. 42–65). London: The Palmer Press.

Blumer (1969) Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic interactionism. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Bochner (2000) Bochner, A. (2000). Criteria against ourselves. Qualitative Inquiry, 7(2), 266–272.

Bochner (2001) Bochner, A. (2001). Narrative’s virtues. Qualitative Inquiry, 7(2), 131–157.

Bochner & Ellis (2003) Bochner, A. , & Ellis, C. (2003). An introduction to the arts and narrative research: Art as inquiry. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(4), 506–514.

Boje (1995) Boje, D. (1995). Stories of the storytelling organization: A postmodern analysis of Disney as “Tamara-Land”. Academy of Management Journal, 38(4), 997–1035.

Boje (2001) Boje, D. (2001). Narrative methods for organizational and communication research. London: Sage.

Bolden & Moscarola (2000) Bolden, R. , & Moscarola, J. (2000). Bridging the quantitative qualitative divide. Social Science Computer Review, 18(4), 450–460.

Bolman & Deal (2008) Bolman, L. G. , & Deal, T. E. (2008). Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership (4th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Bonoma (1983) Bonoma, T. (1983). A case study in case research: Marketing implementation. Working Paper No. 9-585-142. Harvard Business Graduate School of Business School of Business Administration, Boston, MA.

Boudens (2005) Boudens, C. (2005). The story of work: A narrative analysis of workplace emotion. Organization Studies, 26(9), 1285–1306.

Boulais (2002) Boulais, A. (2002). Leadership in children’s literature: Qualitative analysis from a study based on the Kouzes and Posner leadership framework. Journal of Leadership Studies, 8(4), 55–63.

Bowe, Bowe, Streeter, & Murphy (2000) Bowe, J. , Bowe, M. , Streeter, S. , & Murphy (Eds.). (2000). Gig: Americans talk about their jobs at the turn of the millennium. New York, NY: Crown.

Boyatzis (1998) Boyatzis, R. (1998). Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Boydell, Fergie, McDaid, & Hilton (2014) Boydell, N. , Fergie, G. , McDaid, L. , & Hilton, S. (2014). Avoiding pitfalls and realizing opportunities: Reflecting on issues of sampling and recruitment of online focus groups. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 13, 206–223.

Boyle & Parry (2007) Boyle, M. , & Parry, K. (2007). Telling the whole story: The case for organizational autoethnography. Culture and Organization, 13(3), 185–190.

Boylorn & Orbe (2014) Boylorn, R. , & Orbe, M. (2014). Critical autoethnography. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, Inc.

Brinkerhoff (2003) Brinkerhoff, R. (2003). The success case method: Find out quickly what’s working and what is not. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Brocato & Theodori (2011) Brocato, B. , & Theodori, G. (2011). Resolving leadership conceptual ambiguities: A postmodern sociological revolution. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(19), 35–49.

Brown, Stacey, & Nandhakumar (2008) Brown, A. , Stacey, P. , & Nandhakumar, J. (2008). Making sense of sensemaking narratives. Human Relations, 61(8), 1035–1062.

Brown & Gioia (2002) Brown, M. , & Gioia, D. (2002). Making things click: Distributive leadership in an online division of an offline organization. Leadership Quarterly, 13, 397–419.

Brown & Treviño (2006) Brown, M. , & Treviño, L. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595–616.

Brown & Barker (2001) Brown, N. , & Barker, R. (2001). Analysis of the communication components found within the situational leadership model: Toward integration of communication and the model. Journal of Technical Writing and Communication, 31(2), 135–157.

Bruner (1986) Bruner, J. (1986). Actual minds, possible worlds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Bryant (2003) Bryant, M. (2003). Persistence and silence: A narrative analysis to employee responses to organizational change. Retrieved from http://socresonline.org.uk/8/4/bryant.html. Accessed on April 29, 2007.

Bryant (2006) Bryant, M. (2006). Talking about change: Understanding employee responses through qualitative research. Management Decision, 44(2), 246–258.

Bryant & Cox (2003) Bryant, M. , & Cox, W. (2003). The telling of violence: Organizational change and atrocity tales. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(5), 567–583.

Bryman (1984) Bryman, A. (1984). The debate about quantitative and qualitative research: A question of method or epistemology. British Journal of Sociology, 35, 75–92.

Bryman (1988) Bryman, A. (1988). Quality and quantity in social research. London: Unwin Hyman.

Bryman (1992a) Bryman, A. (1992a). Charisma and leadership in organizations. London: Sage.

Bryman (1992b) Bryman, A. (1992b). Quantitative and qualitative research: Further reflection on their integration. In J. Brannen (Ed.), Mixing methods: Qualitative and quantitative research (pp. 57–78). Brookfield, VT: Avebury.

Bryman (1993) Bryman, A. (1993). Charismatic leadership in business organizations: Some neglected issues. The Leadership Quarterly, 4, 289–304.

Bryman (2004) Bryman, A. (2004). Qualitative research on leadership: A critical but appreciative review. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(6), 729–769.

Bryman (2006) Bryman, A. (2006). Integrating qualitative and quantitative research: How is it done? Qualitative Research, 6(1), 97–113.

Bryman, Gillingwater, & McGuiness (1996) Bryman, A. , Gillingwater, D. , & McGuiness, I. (1996). Leadership and organizational transformation. International Journal of Public Administration, 19(6), 849–872.

Bryman, Stephens, & à Campo (1996) Bryman, A. , Stephens, M. , & à Campo, C. (1996). The importance of context: Qualitative research and the study of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 7(3), 353–370.

Buchanan & Bryman (2007) Buchanan, D. , & Bryman, A. (2007). Contextualizing methods of choice in organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 10, 483–501.

Buchbinder (2011) Buchbinder, E. (2011). Beyond checking: Experiences of the validation interview. Qualitative Social Work, 6(3), 106–112.

Buford May & Pattillo-McCoy (2000) Buford May, R. , & Pattillo-McCoy, M. (2000). Do you see what I see? Examining collaborative ethnography. Qualitative Inquiry, 6(1), 65–87.

Bunting (1984) Bunting, E. (1984). Smoky night. New York, NY: Harcourt.

Burke, Sims, Lazzara, & Salas (2007) Burke, C. S. , Sims, D. E. , Lazzara, E. H. , & Salas, E. (2007). Trust in leadership: A multi-level review and integration. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(6), 606–632.

Burke et al. (2006) Burke, C. S. , Stagl, K. C. , Klein, C. , Goodwin, G. F. , Salas, E. , & Halpin, S. M. (2006). What type of leadership behaviors are functional in teams? A meta-analysis. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(3), 288–307.

Burns (1978) Burns, J. (1978). Leadership. New York, NY: Harper & Row.

Burns (2003) Burns, J. M. (2003). Transforming leadership: The new pursuit of happiness. New York, NY: Atlantic Monthly Press.

Burns (2002) Burns, J. S. (2002). Chaos theory and leadership studies: Exploring unchartered seas. Journal of Organizational and Leadership Studies, 9(2), 42–57.

Burns & Grove (2005) Burns, N. , & Grove, K. (2005). The practice of nursing research: Conduct, critique and utilization. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders.

Burrell & Morgan (1979) Burrell, G. , & Morgan, G. (1979). Sociological paradigms and organizational analysis. London: Heineman.

Bush (2002) Bush, G. (2002). Address to a joint session of congress and the American people. Retrieved from http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09. Accessed on January 10, 2007.

Bushe (2007) Bushe, G. (2007). Appreciative inquiry is not (just) about the positive. Organization Development Practitioner, 39(4), 30–35.

Bushe (2010) Bushe, G. (2010). Commentary on “Appreciative inquiry as a shadow process”. Journal of Management Inquiry, 19(3), 234–237.

Bushe (2011) Bushe, G. (2011). Appreciative inquiry: Theory and critique. In D. Boje , B. Burnes , & J. Hassard (Eds.), The Routledge companion to organizational change (p. 87–103). Oxford: Routledge.

Bushe & Kassam (2005) Bushe, G. , & Kassam (2005). When is appreciative inquiry transformational? A meta-case analysis. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 41, 161–181.

Buttner. (2001) Buttner., H. (2001). Examining female entrepreneurs’ management style: An application of a relational frame. Journal of Business Ethics, 29, 253–269.

Bystrom, Robertson, & Banwart (2001) Bystrom, D. , Robertson, T. , & Banwart, M. (2001). Framing the fight. American Behavioral Scientist, 44(12), 1999–2013.

Caelli (2001) Caelli, K. (2001). Engaging with phenomenology: Is it more of a challenge than it needs to be? Qualitative Health Research, 11, 273–282.

Caelli, Ray, & Mill (2003) Caelli, K. , Ray, L. , & Mill, J. (2003). Clear as mud: Toward greater clarity in generic qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Research Methods, 2(2), Article 1. Retrieved from http://www.ualberta.ca/~ijqm/backissues/pdf..caellietal.pdf. Accessed on October 25, 2003.

Calogero & Mullen (2008) Calogero, R. , & Mullen, B. (2008). About face: Facial prominence of George W. Bush in political cartoons as a function of war. The Leadership Quarterly, 19, 107–116.

Cameron, Dutton, & Quinn (2003) Cameron, K. S. , Dutton, J. E. , & Quinn, R. E. (2003). Positive organizational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Cameron, Schaffer, & Hyeon-Ae (2001) Cameron, M. , Schaffer, M. , & Hyeon-Ae, P. (2001). Nursing students’ experience of ethical problems and use of ethical decision-making. Nursing Ethics, 8, 432–448.

Cancienne & Snowber (2003) Cancienne, M. , & Snowber, C. (2003). Writing rhythm: Movement as method. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(2), 237–253.

Carcary (2011) Carcary, M. (2011). Evidence analysis using CAQDAS: Insight from a qualitative researcher. The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 9(1), 10–24.

Carless, Wearing, & Mann (2000) Carless, A. , Wearing, A. , & Mann, J. (2000). A short measure of transformational leadership. Journal of Business and Psychology, 14(3), 389–405.

Carlson (2010) Carlson, J. (2010). Avoiding traps in member checking. The Qualitative Report, 15(5), 1102–1113.

Carr (2003) Carr, A. (2003). Art as a form of knowledge: Implications for critical management. In A. Carr & P. Hancock (Eds.), Arts and aesthetics at work (pp. 7–37). Hampshire: Palgrave.

Carroll & Levy (2008) Carroll, B. , & Levy, L. (2008). Defaulting to management: Leaders defined by what is not. Organization, 15(1), 75–96.

Carson, Tesluk, & Marrone (2007) Carson, J. , Tesluk, P. , & Marrone, J. (2007). Shared leadership in teams: An investigation of antecedent conditions and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 50(5), 1217–1234.

Carspecken & Cordeiro (1995) Carspecken, P. , & Cordeiro, P. (1995). Being, doing, and becoming: Textual interpretations of social identity and a case study. Qualitative Inquiry, 1(1), 87–109.

Carsten, Uhl-Bien, West, Patera, & McGregor (2010) Carsten, M. K. , Uhl-Bien, M. , West, B. J. , Patera, J. L. , & McGregor, R. (2010). Exploring social constructions of followership: A qualitative study. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(3), 543–562.

Cassell, Symon, Buehring, & Johnson (2006) Cassell, C. , Symon, G. , Buehring, A. , & Johnson, P. (2006). The role and status of qualitative methods in management research: An empirical account. Management Decision, 44(2), 290–303.

Cederblom & Paulsen (2001) Cederblom, J. , & Paulsen, D. W. (2001). Critical reasoning. Belmont, CA: Thompson Learning.

Cepeda & Martin (2005) Cepeda, G. , & Martin, D. (2005). A review of case studies publishing in Management Decision 2003-2004. Management Decision, 43(6), 851–876.

Cha & Edmondson (2006) Cha, S. , & Edmondson, A. (2006). When values backfire: Leadership, attribution, and disenchantment in a values-driven organization. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(1), 57–78.

Chaleff (1995) Chaleff, I. (1995). The courageous follower: Standing up to and for our leaders (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Berrett Koehler Publishers, Inc.

Chamberlain (1999) Chamberlain, K. (1999). Methodolatry and qualitative health research. Journal of Health Psychology, 5(3), 285–296.

Chan, Fung, & Chien (2013) Chan, Z. , Fung, Y. , & Chien, W. (2013). Bracketing in phenomenology: Only undertaken in the data collection and analytic process? The Qualitative Report, 18, 1–9.

Chang (2000) Chang, E. C. (2000). Optimism & pessimism. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Chang (2008) Chang, H. (2008). Autoethnography as method. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, Inc.

Chang, Ngunjiri, & Hernandez (2013) Chang, H. , Ngunjiri, F. , & Hernandez, K. (2013). Collaborative autoethnography. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.

Charmaz (2000) Charmaz, K. (2000). Grounded theory: Objectivist and constructivist methods. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 509–535). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Charmaz (2006) Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Charmaz (2008) Charmaz, K. (2008). Grounded theory as an emergent method. In. S. Nagy Hesse-Biber & P. Leavy (Eds.), Handbook of emergent methods (pp. 155–172). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Charmaz (2014) Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Checkland (1995) Checkland, P. (1995). Soft systems methodology and its relevance to the development of information systems. In F. Stowell (Ed.), Information systems provision: The contribution of soft systems methodology (pp. 1–17). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Chen & Meindl (1991) Chen, C. , & Meindl, J. (1991). The construction of leadership images in the popular press: The case of Donald Burr and people express. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36, 521–551.

Chen & Rubin (2011) Chen, X. , & Rubin, K. (2011). Socioemotional development in cultural context. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Chiu & Lao (2008) Chiu, D. , & Lao, T. (2008). Content analysis of leadership and is Asia-Pacific organizations. Journal of leadership Studies, 2(2), 36–46.

Choi & Mai-Dalton (1999) Choi, Y. , & Mai-Dalton, R. (1999). The model of follower responses to self-sacrificial leadership: An empirical test. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(4), 475–501.

Chrislip & Larson (1994) Chrislip, D. D. , & Larson, C. E. (1994). Collaborative leadership: How citizens and civic leaders can make a difference. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Christensen (2000) Christensen, C. (2000). The innovator’s dilemma. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers.

Christians (2005) Christians, C. (2005). Ethics and politics in qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Clandinin & Connelly (1994) Clandinin, D. , & Connelly, F. (1994). Personal experience methods. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 413–427). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Coetzee & Kotze (2014) Coetzee, J. , & Kotze, C. (2014). Optimizing the epistemological potential of focus groups in research on a contested issue. Qualitative Sociological Review, 10(2), 30–41.

Cohen (1960) Cohen, J. (1960). A coefficient for agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20, 37–46.

Cohen (1968) Cohen, J. (1968). Weighted kappa: Nominal scale agreement with provision for scaled disagreement for partial credit. Psychological Bulletin, 70, 213–220.

Cohen & Maldonando (2007) Cohen, J. , & Maldonando, A. (2007). Research methods in education. British Journal of Educational Studies, 55(4), 9–17.

Colliers (2001) Colliers, M. (2001). Approaches to analysis in visual anthropology. In T. Van Leeuwen & C. Jewitt (Eds.), Handbook of visual analysis (pp. 35–60). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Collins (2001) Collins, J. (2001). Good to great: Why some companies make the leap … and others don’t. New York, NY: HarperBusiness.

Collins & Porras (1995) Collins, J. C. , & Porras, J. I. (1995). Organizational vision and visionary organizations. California Management Review, 34(1), 30–52.

Collins & Porras (1997) Collins, J. C. , & Porras, J. I. (1997). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Collins.

Collins, Onwuegbuzie, & Sutton (2006) Collins, K. , Onwuegbuzie, A. , & Sutton, L. (2006). A model incorporating the rationale and purpose of conducting mixed methods research in special education and beyond. Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, 4, 67–100.

Collison (2014) Collison, D. (2014). Dichotomies, dialectics and dilemmas: New directions for critical leadership studies. Leadership, 10(1), 36–55.

Collison & Grint (2005) Collison, D. , & Grint, K. (2005). Editorial: The leadership agenda. Leadership, 1, 5–9.

Coltman (1998) Coltman, R. (1998). The language of hermeneutics: Gadamer and Heidegger in dialogue. Albany, NY: SUNY.

Conger (1998) Conger, J. (1998). Qualitative research as the cornerstone methodology for understanding leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(3), 107–121.

Conger & Kanungo (1998) Conger, J. , & Kanungo, R. (1998). Charismatic leadership in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Conger & Kanungo (1988) Conger, J. A. , & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471–482.

Conklin (2009) Conklin, T. (2009). Creating classrooms of preference: An exercise in appreciative inquiry. Journal of Management Education, 33(6), 772–792.

Connelly & Clandinin (1990) Connelly, M. , & Clandinin, J. (1990). Stories of experience and narrative inquiry. Educational Researcher, 19(5), 2–14.

Contractor, DeChurch, Carson, Carter, & Keegan (2012) Contractor, N. S. , DeChurch, L. A. , Carson, J. , Carter, D. R. , & Keegan, B. (2012). The topology of collective leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(6), 994–1011.

Cooke, Fassinger, Prosser, Mejia, & Luna (2001) Cooke, K. , Fassinger, R. , Prosser, J. , Mejia, B. , & Luna, J. (2001). Voces abriendo Caminons [Voices forging paths]: A qualitative study of the career development of notable Latinas. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(3), 286–300.

Cooper, Scandura, & Schriesheim (2005) Cooper, C. , Scandura, T. , & Schriesheim, C. (2005). Looking forward but learning from our past: Potential challenges to developing authentic leadership theory and authentic leaders. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 475–493.

Cooper & Schindler (2008) Cooper, D. , & Schindler, P. (2008). Business research methods. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies.

Cooperrider, Sorensen, Whitney, & Yaeger (2000) Cooperrider, D. , Sorensen, P. , Whitney, D. , & Yaeger, T. (Eds.). (2000). Appreciative inquiry: Rethinking human organization toward a positive theory of change. Champaign, IL: Stipes.

Cooperrider & Srivasta (1987) Cooperrider, D. , & Srivasta, S. (1987). Appreciative inquiry in organizational life. In R. Woodman & W. Pasmore (Eds.), Research in organizational change and development (Vol. 1, pp. 129–169). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

Cooperrider & Whitney (1999) Cooperrider, D. , & Whitney, D. (1999). Appreciative inquiry. San Francisco, CA: Koehler-Berrett.

Cooperrider & Whitney (2000) Cooperrider, D. , & Whitney, D. (2000). Collaborating for change: Appreciative inquiry. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Cooperrider & Whitney (2005) Cooperrider, D. , & Whitney, D. (2005). Appreciative inquiry: A positive revolution in change. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Corbin & Strauss (1990) Corbin, J. , & Strauss, A. (1990). Grounded theory research: Procedures, canons, and evaluative criteria. Qualitative Sociology, 13, 3–21.

Corbin & Strauss (2014) Corbin, J. , & Strauss, A. (2014). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Corley & Goiia (2011) Corley, K. , & Goiia, D. (2011). Building theory about theory building: What constitutes a theoretical contribution? Academy of Management Review, 36(1), 12–32.

Corti, Day, & Backhouse (2000) Corti, L. , Day, A. , & Backhouse, G. (2000). Confidentiality and informed consent: Issues for consideration in the preservation of and provision of access to qualitative data archives. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(3), Article 7. Retrieved from http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs000372

Craig (1981) Craig, R. (1981). Generalization of Scott’s index of intercoder agreement. Public Opinion Quarterly, 45, 260–264.

Crainer (2000) Crainer, S. (2000). The management century: A critical review of 20^th century thought and practice. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Crawford (2005) Crawford, D. (2005). The bases for executive action: A multiple case study of leadership in the highly regulated long-term healthcare industry. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Regent University, Virginia Beach, VA.

Creswell (1997) Creswell, J. (1997). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Creswell (2002) Creswell, J. (2002). Research Design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (2nd ed.). London: Sage.

Creswell (2014) Creswell, J. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Creswell, Klassen, Plano Clark, & Clegg Smith (2011) Creswell, J. , Klassen, A. , Plano Clark, V. , & Clegg Smith, K. (2011). Best practices for mixed methods research in the health sciences. Retrieved from obssr.od.nih.gov/mixed-methods-research. Accessed on April 3, 2015.

Creswell & Maietta (2002) Creswell, J. , & Maietta, J. (2002). Qualitative research. In D. Miller & N. Salkind (Eds.), Handbook of research design and social science measurement (pp. 143–183). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Creswell & Plano Clark (2007) Creswell, J. W. , & Plano Clark, V. L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Creswell & Tashakkori (2007) Creswell, J. W. , & Tashakkori, A. (2007). Developing publishable mixed methods manuscripts. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 2(1), 107–111.

Cronin & Genovese (2012) Cronin, T. E. , & Genovese, M. (2012). Leadership matters: Unleashing the power of paradox. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.

Crosby & Morse (2010) Crosby, B. , & Morse, J. (2010). Integrative leadership and the creation and maintenance of cross-sector collaborations. Leadership Quarterly, 21(2), 211–230.

Cullen, Palus, Chrobot-Mason, & Appaneal (2012) Cullen, K. L. , Palus, C. J. , Chrobot-Mason, D. , & Appaneal, C. (2012). Getting to “we”: Collectivistic leadership development. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 5(4), 428–432.

Cunningham & Jackson (2014) Cunningham, C. , & Jackson, S. (2014). Leadership and the Australian Greens. Leadership, 10(4), 496–511.

Cupchik (2001) Cupchik, G. (2001). Constructivist realisms: An ontology that encompasses positivist and constructivist approaches to the social sciences. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 2(1). Retrieved from http://qualitative-research.net/fqs-eng.htm. Accessed on February 18, 2015.

Curie, Lockett, & Suhomlinova (2009) Curie, G. , Lockett, A. , & Suhomlinova, O. (2009). Leadership and institutional change in the public sector: The case of secondary schools in England. The Leadership Quarterly, 20, 664–679.

Czarniawska (2000) Czarniawska, B. (2000). Narratives in social science research. London: Sage.

Datta (1997) Datta, L. (1997). A pragmatic basis for mixed methods designs. In I. J. Greene & V. Caracelli (Eds.), Advances in mixed methods evaluations: The challenges and benefits of integrating diverse paradigm (Vol. 74, pp. 33–46). New Directions for Evaluation. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Davis, Schoorman, & Doanldson (1997) Davis, J. , Schoorman, D. , & Doanldson, L. (1997). Toward a stewardship theory of management. Academy of Management Review, 22(1), 20–48.

Davis & Meyer (2009) Davis, N. , & Meyer, B. (2009). Qualitative data analysis: A procedural comparison. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21, 116–124.

Day Sclater (2003) Day Sclater, S. (2003). The arts and narrative research – Art as inquiry: An epilogue. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(4), 621–624.

Day (2014) Day, D. (Ed.). (2014). The Oxford handbook of leadership and organizations. London: Oxford University Press.

Day, Gronn, & Salas (2006) Day, D. , Gronn, P. , & Salas, E. (2006). Leadership in team-based organizations: On the threshold of a new era. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(3), 211–216.

Day, Gronn, & Salas (2004) Day, D. V. , Gronn, P. , & Salas, E. (2004). Leadership capacity in teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(6), 857–880.

de Sales Turner (2003) de Sales Turner . (2003). Horizons revealed: From methodology to method. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 2(1), Article 1.

De Waal (2005) De Waal, P. (2005). On pragmatism. Belmont, NJ: Wadsworth.

DeChurch et al. (2011) DeChurch, L. A. , Burke, C. S. , Shuffler, M. L. , Lyons, R. , Doty, D. , & Salas, E. (2011). A historiometric analysis of leadership in mission critical multiteam environments. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(1), 152–169.

DeChurch, Hiller, Murase, Doty, & Salas (2010) DeChurch, L. A. , Hiller, N. J. , Murase, R. , Doty, D. , & Salas, E. (2010). Leadership across all levels: Levels of leaders and their levels of impact. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(6), 1069–1085.

Delgado & Stefancic (2001) Delgado, R. , & Stefancic, J. (2001). Critical race theory: An introduction. New York, NY: New York University Press.

Deluga (1997) Deluga, R. (1997). Relationship among American presidential charismatic leadership, narcissism, and rated performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 8(1), 49–65.

Deluga (1998) Deluga, R. (1998). American presidential proactivity, charismatic leadership, and rated performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(3), 265–291.

Deluga (2001) Deluga, R. (2001). American presidential Machiavellianism: Implications for charismatic leadership and rated performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 12, 339–363.

Dembeck (2014) Dembeck, R. (2014). Mixed method investigation of the relationship between leadership styles and burnout of employees of an upper Midwest Christian University. Unpublished manuscript.

Den Hartog & Verburg (1997) Den Hartog, D. , & Verburg, R. (1997). Charisma and rhetoric: Communicative techniques for international business leaders. Leadership Quarterly, 8(4), 355–391.

Denis, Langley, & Cazale (1996) Denis, J. , Langley, A. , & Cazale, L. (1996). Leadership and strategic change under ambiguity. Organization Studies, 17(4), 673–699.

Denning (2007) Denning, S. (2007). The leader’s guide to storytelling: Mastering the art and discipline of business narrative. International Leadership Association Member Connector, pp. 5–10.

Denyer & Tranfield (2006) Denyer, D. , & Tranfield, D. (2006). Using qualitative research synthesis to build an actionable knowledge base. Management Decision, 44(2), 213–227.

Denzin (1978) Denzin, N. (1978). The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological research methods. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Denzin (1992) Denzin, N. (1992). Symbolic interactionism and cultural studies. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell.

Denzin (2000) Denzin, N. (2000). Aesthetics and the practice of qualitative inquiry. Qualitative Inquiry, 6(2), 256–265.

Denzin & Lincoln (1988) Denzin, N. , & Lincoln, Y. (1988). Strategies of qualitative inquiry. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Denzin & Lincoln (1994) Denzin, N. , & Lincoln, Y. (1994). Introduction: Entering the field of qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 105–117). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Denzin & Lincoln (2000) Denzin, N. , & Lincoln, Y. (Eds.). (2000). Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Denzin & Lincoln (2005) Denzin, N. , & Lincoln, Y. (2005). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Denzin & Lincoln (2011) Denzin, N. , & Lincoln, Y. (2011). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

DeRue & Ashford (2010) DeRue, S. , & Ashford, S. (2010). Who will lead and who will follow? A social process of leadership identity construction in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 35(4), 627–647.

DeWalt & DeWalt (2002) DeWalt, K. , & DeWalt, B. (2002). Participant observation: A guide for fieldworkers. Walnut Creek, CA: AltMira Press.

Dickinson & Svensen (2000) Dickinson, P. , & Svensen, N. (2000). Beautiful corporations: Corporate style in action. London: Prentice Hall.

Diggins (1994) Diggins, J. (1994). The promise of pragmatism: Modernism and the crisis of knowledge and authority. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Donaldson (1998) Donaldson, L. (1998). The myth of paradigm incommensurability in management studies: Comments by an interactionist. Organization, 5(2), 267–272.

Doucet & Mauthner (2002) Doucet, A. , & Mauthner, N. (2002). Knowing responsibly: Linking ethics, research practice and epistemology. In M. Mauthner , M. Birch , J. Jessop , & T. Miller (Eds.), Ethics in qualitative research (pp. 123–145). Thousand Oak, CA: Sage.

Douglas (2006) Douglas, D. (2006). Intransitivities to managerial decisions: A grounded theory case. Management Decision, 44(2), 259–275.

Drisko (2005) Drisko, J. (2005). Writing up qualitative research. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 86(4), 589–593.

Drucker (1995) Drucker, P. F. (1995). Mary Parker Follett: Prophet of management. In P. Graham (Ed.), Mary Parker Follett-Prophet of management: A celebration of writings from the 1920s (pp.1–10). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Dubois & Gadde (2002) Dubois, A. , & Gadde, L. (2002). Systematic combining: An abductive approach to case research. Journal of Business Research, 55, 553–560.

Dune & Martin (2006) Dune, D. , & Martin, R. (2006). Design thinking and how it will change management: An interview and discussion. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 5(4), 512–523.

Dyck (1994) Dyck, B. (1994). From airy-fairy ideas to concrete realities: The case of shared farming. The Leadership Quarterly, 5(3–4), 227–246.

Eagley & Johnson (1990) Eagley, A. , & Johnson, B. (1990). Gender and leadership style: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 233–256.

Eagly & Carli (2007) Eagly, A. , & Carli, L. (2007). Through the labyrinth: The truth about how women become leaders. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Easterby-Smith, Golden-Biddle, & Locke (2008) Easterby-Smith, M. , Golden-Biddle, K. , & Locke, K. (2008). Working with pluralism: Determining quality in qualitative research. Organizational Research Methods, 11(3), 419–429.

Eckstein (1975) Eckstein, H. (1975). Case study and theory in political science. In F. Greenstein & N. Polsby (Eds.), Handbook of political science (Vol. 7, pp. 79–137). Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.

Eckstein (2002) Eckstein, H. (2002). Case study and theory in political science. In R. Gomm , M. Hammersley , & P. Foster (Eds.), Case study method: Key issues, key texts (pp. 119–163). London: Sage.

Edmondson, Roberto, & Watkins (2003) Edmondson, A. C. , Roberto, M. A. , & Watkins, M. D. (2003). A dynamic model of top management team effectiveness: Managing unstructured task streams. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 297–325.

Egri & Herman (2000) Egri, C. , & Herman, S. (2000). Leadership in the North American environmental sector: Values, leadership styles, and contexts of environmental leaders and their organizations. Academy of management Journal, 43, 571–604.

Eisenhardt (1989) Eisenhardt, K. (1989). Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 532–550.

Eisenhardt & Bourgeois (1988) Eisenhardt, K. , & Bourgeois, L. (1988). Politics of strategic decision making in high-velocity environments: Toward a midrange theory. Academy of Management Journal, 31(4), 737–770.

Eisenhardt & Graebner (2007) Eisenhardt, K. , & Graebner, M. (2007). Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 25–32.

Eisner (1997) Eisner, E. (1997). The promises and perils of alternative forms of data representation. Educational Researcher, 26(6), 4–20.

Eisner (2001) Eisner, E. (2001). Concerns and aspirations for qualitative research in the new millennium. Qualitative Research, 1(2), 135–145.

Eisner & Peshkin (1990) Eisner, E. , & Peshkin, A. (Eds.). (1990). Qualitative inquiry in education: The continuing debate. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.

Elliott (2005) Elliott, J. (2005). Using narrative in social research: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Ellis (2004) Ellis, C. (2004). The ethnographic I: A methodological novel about teaching and doing ethnography. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira.

Ellis & Bochner (2000) Ellis, C. , & Bochner, A. (2000). Autoethnography, personal narrative, reflexivity: Researcher as subject. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 733–768). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Elo & Kyngäs (2008) Elo, S. , & Kyngäs, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 61(1), 107–115.

Ely, Anzul, Friedman, Garner, & Steinmetz (1991) Ely, M. , Anzul, M. , Friedman, T. , Garner, D. , & Steinmetz, A. (1991). Doing qualitative research: Circles within circles. New York, NY: Falmer.

Emerson, Fretz, & Shaw (2001) Emerson, R. , Fretz, R. , & Shaw, L. (2001). Participant observation and field notes. In P. Atkinson , A. Coffey , S. Delmont , J. Lofland , & L. Lofland (Eds.), Handbook of ethnography (pp. 356–357). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Emmison & Smith (2000) Emmison, M. , & Smith, P. (2000). Researching the visual. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Emmons (1987) Emmons, R. (1987). Narcissism: Theory and measurement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52 , 11–17.

Emrich, Brower, Fleldman, & Garland (2001) Emrich, C. , Brower, H. , Fleldman, J. , & Garland, H. (2001). Images in words: Presidential rhetoric, charisma, and greatness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(3), 527–561.

Epitropaki, Sy, Martin, Tram-Quon, & Topakas (2013) Epitropaki, O. , Sy, T. , Martin, R. , Tram-Quon, S. , & Topakas, A. (2013). Implicit leadership and followership theories “in the wild”: Taking stock of information-processing approaches to leadership and followership in organizational settings. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(6), 858–881.

Eriksson, Henttonen, & Meriläinen (2004) Eriksson, P. , Henttonen, E. , & Meriläinen, S. (2004). Managerial work and gender – Ethnography of cooperative relationships in small software companies. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 24, 354–363.

Escamilla & Venta (2010) Escamilla, C. , & Venta, E. (2010). The symphony of Southeast Texas in 2010: Managing a regional orchestra in modern times. Journal of Business Case Studies, 6(6), 85–95.

Essers (2009) Essers, C. (2009). Reflections on narrative approaches: Dilemmas of power, emotions and social Location while constructing life stories. Organization, 16(2), 163–181.

Evers (2011) Evers, J. (2011). From the past to the future: How technological developments change our ways of data collection, transcriptions, and analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 12(1), Article 28.

Ewenstein & Whyte (2007) Ewenstein, B. , & Whyte, J. (2007). Beyond words: Aesthetic knowledge and knowing in organizations. Organization Studies, 28(5), 689–708.

Fairhurst & Uhl-Bien (2012) Fairhurst, G. T. , & Uhl-Bien, M. (2012). Organizational discourse analysis (ODA): Examining leadership as a relational process. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(6), 1043–1062.

Fetterman (2010) Fetterman, D. (2010). Ethnography (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Feyerherm (1994) Feyerherm, A. (1994). Leadership in collaboration: A longitudinal study of two interorganizational. The Leadership Quarterly, 5(3–4), 253–270.

Fiedler (1967) Fiedler, F. (1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Fielding (2002) Fielding, N. (Ed.). (2002). Interviewing. London: Sage Benchmarks in Social Research.

Fielding & Lee (1998) Fielding, N. , & Lee, R. (1998). Computer analysis and qualitative research. London: Sage.

Filstead (1979) Filstead, W. (1979). Qualitative methods: A needed perspective in evaluation research. In T. Cook & S. Reichardt (Eds.), Qualitative and quantitative methods in evaluation research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Finley (2003) Finley, S. (2003). Arts-based inquiry in QI: Seven years from crisis to guerilla warfare. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(2), 281–296.

Fiol, Harris, & House (1999) Fiol, M. , Harris, D. , & House, R. (1999). Charismatic leadership: Strategies for effecting social change. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(3), 449–482.

Firestone (1987) Firestone, W. (1987). Meaning in method: The rhetoric of quantitative and qualitative research. Educational Researcher, 16, 16–21.

Firestone & Herriott (1994) Firestone, W. , & Herriott, R. (1994). Multisite qualitative policy research: Some design and implementation issues. In D. Fetterman (Ed.), Ethnography in educational evaluation. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Fisher & Miller (1993) Fisher, K. , & Miller, A. (1993). Leading self-directed work teams. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Fitzgerald, Oliver, & Hoxsey (2010) Fitzgerald, S. , Oliver, C. , & Hoxsey, J. (2010). Appreciative inquiry as a shadow process. Journal of Management Inquiry, 19(3), 220–233.

Fletcher (2004) Fletcher, J. (2004). The paradox of postheroic leadership: An essay on gender, power, and transformational change. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(5), 647–661.

Fletcher & Kaeufer (2003) Fletcher, J. , & Kaeufer, K. (2003). Paradox and possibility. In C. Pearce & J. Conger (Eds.), Reframing the hows and whys of leadership. London: Sage.

Flick (2007) Flick, U. (2007). Managing quality in qualitative research. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Flick (2009) Flick, U. (2009). An introduction to qualitative research (4th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Flick (2015) Flick, U. (2015). Introducing research methodology (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Flyvberg (2006) Flyvberg, B. (2006). Five misunderstandings about case study research. Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2), 219–245.

Follett (1896) Follett, M. P. (1896). The speaker of the house of representatives. New York, NY: Longmans, Green.

Follett (1918) Follett, M. P. (1918). The new state: Group organization, the solution of popular government. New York, NY: Longmans, Green.

Follett (1919) Follett, M. P. (1919). Community is a process. Philosophical Review, 28, 576–588.

Follett (1924) Follett, M. P. (1924). Creative experience. New York, NY: Longmans, Green and Co.

Follett (1928/1970) Follett, M. P. (1928/1970). The teacher-student relation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 15(2), 137–148.

Follett (1941) Follett, M. P. (1941). Leadership theory and practice. In H. C. Metcalf & L. Urwick (Eds.), Dynamic administration: The collected papers of Mary Parker Follett (pp. 281–294). New York, NY: Harper.

Follett (1949) Follett, M. P. (1949). The basis of authority. In L. Urwick (Ed.), Freedom & co-ordination: Lectures in business organization. London: Management Publications Trust, Ltd.

Folta, Seguin, Ackerman, & Nelson (2012) Folta, S. , Seguin, R. , Ackerman, J. , & Nelson, M. (2012). A qualitative study of leadership characteristics among women who catalyze positive community change. BMC Public Health, 12, 383–395.

Fontana (2002) Fontana, A. (2002). Postmodern trends in interviewing. In J. Gubrium & J. Holstein (Eds.), Handbook of interview research (pp. 161–180). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Fontana & Frey (1994) Fontana, A. , & Frey, J. (1994). Interviewing: The art of science. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 361–376). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Fontana & Frey (2000) Fontana, A. , & Frey, J. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincolns (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 645–670). London: Sage.

Foti, Hansbrough, Epitropaki, & Coyle (2014) Foti, R. , Hansbrough, T. K. , Epitropaki, O. , & Coyle, P. (2014). Special issue: Dynamic viewpoints on implicit leadership and followership theories. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 411–412.

Fowler (2001) Fowler, F. (2001). Survey research methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Fox (1970) Fox, E. M. (1970). The dynamics of constructive change in the thought of Mary Parker Follett. Dissertation Abstracts International, 31(6), 2549, UMI No. 7023437.

Frank (1995) Frank, A. (1995). The wounded storyteller: Body, illness and ethics. Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.

Frederickson (1983) Frederickson, J. (1983). Strategic process research: Questions and recommendations. Academy of Management Review, 8(4), 565–575.

French & Raven (1959) French, J. , & Raven, B. (1959). The bases of social power. In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Studies in social power (pp. 150–167). Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, Institute of Social Research.

Friedrich et al. (2014) Friedrich, T. , Vessey, W. , Schuelke, M. , Mumford, M. , Yammarini, F. , & Ruark, G. (2014). Collective leadership and George C. Marshall: A historiometric analysis of career events. The Leadership Quarterly, 25, 449–467.

Friedrich, Vessey, Schuelke, Ruark, & Mumford (2009) Friedrich, T. L. , Vessey, W. B. , Schuelke, M. J. , Ruark, G. A. , & Mumford, M. D. (2009). A framework for understanding collective leadership: The selective utilization of leader and team expertise within networks. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(6), 933–958.

Fry (2003) Fry, L. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727.

Fry (2005) Fry, L. (2005). Toward a theory of ethical and spiritual well-being and corporate social responsibility through spiritual leadership. In R. Giacalone , C. Jurkiewicz , & C. Dunn (Eds.), Positive psychology in business ethics and corporate social responsibility. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.

Fyfe & Law (1988) Fyfe, G. , & Law, J. (1988). Introduction: On the invisibility of the visible. In G. Fyfe & J. Law (Eds.), Picturing power: Visual depiction and social relations (pp. 1–14). London: Routledge.

Gabriel (2000) Gabriel, Y. (2000). Storytelling in organizations: Facts, fiction, and fantasies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Gadamer (1976) Gadamer, H. (1976). Philosophical hermeneutics (D. Linge, Trans). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Gadamer (1985) Gadamer, H. (1985). The origins of philosophical hermeneutics. In H. Gadamer (Ed.), Philosophical apprenticeships (R. Sullivan, Trans) (pp. 177–193). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Gadamer (1989) Gadamer, H. (1989). Truth and method (J. Weisnheimer & D. Marshall, Trans.) (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Continuum. (Original work published in 1972).

Gadamer (1996) Gadamer, H. (1996). The enigma of health: The art of healing in a scientific age (J. Gaiger & N. Walker, Trans.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Gagliardi (1990) Gagliardi, P. (1990). Artifacts as pathways and remains of organizational life. In P. Gagliardi (Ed.), Symbols and artifacts: Views of the corporate landscape (pp. 3–38). New York, NY: de Gruyter.

Gagliardi (1996) Gagliardi, P. (1996). Exploring the aesthetic side of organizational life. In S. Clegg , C. Hardy , & W. Nord (Eds.), Handbook of organization studies (pp. 565–580). London: Sage.

Galanes (2003) Galanes, G. (2003). In their own words: An exploratory study of bona fide group leaders. Small Group Research, 34(6), 741–770.

Gardner, Avolio, Luthans, May, & Walumbwa (2005) Gardner, W. , Avolio, B. , Luthans, F. , May, D. , & Walumbwa, F. (2005). “Can you see the real me?” A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 343–372.

Gardner, Cogliser, Davis, & Dickens (2011) Gardner, W. L. , Cogliser, C. , Davis, K. M. , & Dickens, M. P. (2011). Authentic leadership: A review of the literature and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(6), 1120–1145.

Garot (2009) Garot, R. (2009). Reconsidering retaliation: Structural inhibitions, emotive distance, and the acceptance of ambivalence among inner-city young men. Ethnography, 10(1), 63–90.

Geertz (1973) Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures. New York, NY: Basic Books.

Geis (1978) Geis, F. (1978). Machiavellianism. In H. London & J. Exner (Eds.), Dimensions of personality (pp. 305–365). New York, NY: Wiley.

George & Bennett (2005) George, A. , & Bennett, A. (2005). Case studies and theory development in the social sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

George (2003) George, B. (2003). Authentic leadership: Rediscovering the secrets to creating lasting value. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

George, Sims, & Mayer (2007) George, B. , Sims, P. , & Mayer, D. (2007). Managing yourself: Rediscovering your authentic leaders. Retrieved from www.hbr.org. Accessed on March 2015.

Gephart (1993) Gephart, R. (1993). The textual approach: Risk and blame in disaster sensemaking. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 1465–1514.

Gephart (1999) Gephart, R. (1999). Paradigms and research methods. Research Forum, 4(Summer). Retrieved from http://aom.pace.edu/rmd/1999_RMD_Forum_Paradigms_and%20Research_Methods.htm. Accessed on August 24, 2006.

Gephart (2004) Gephart, R. (2004). Qualitative research and the academy of management journal. Academy of Management Journal, 47(4), 454–462.

Gergen (1985) Gergen, K. (1985). The social constructionist movement in modern psychology. American Psychologist, 40(3), 266–275.

Gergen (1994) Gergen, K. (1994). Realities and relationships: Soundings in social constructivism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Gergen & Gergen (2003) Gergen, M. , & Gergen, K. (2003). Qualitative inquiry: Tensions and transformations. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The landscape of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 167–207). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Gersick (1994) Gersick, C. (1994). Pacing strategic change: The case of a new venture. Academy of Management Journal, 37(1), 9–45.

Ghauri (2004) Ghauri, P. (2004). Designing and conducting case studies in international business. In R. Marshan-Piekkari & C. Welch (Eds.), Handbook for qualitative research methods for international business (pp. 109–124). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Giacopassi, Nicholas, & Stitt (1999) Giacopassi, D. , Nicholas, D. , & Stitt, G. (1999). Attitudes toward community leaders in new casino jurisdictions regarding casino gambling’s effects on crime and quality of life. Journal of Gambling Studies, 15(2), 123–147.

Giapassi, Nichols, & Stitt (1999) Giapassi, D. , Nichols, M. , & Stitt, G. (1999). Attitudes of community leaders in new casino jurisdictions regarding casino gambling effects on crime and quality of life. Journal of Gambling Studies, 159(2), 123–147.

Gibson, Fiedler, & Barrett (1993) Gibson, F. , Fiedler, F. , & Barrett, K. (1993). Stress, babble, and the utilization of the leader’s intellectual abilities. The Leadership Quarterly, 4(2), 189–208.

Giddens (1993) Giddens, A. (1993). New rules of sociological mind (2nd ed.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Gill (2014) Gill, M. (2014). The possibilities of phenomenology for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 17(2), 118–137.

Gilliat-Ray (n.d.) Gilliat-Ray, S. (n.d.). The ethics and politics of research. Retrieved from http://kent.ac.uk/religionmethods/ethics%20nd%20politics%202C. Accessed on January 3, 2015.

Gioia & Chittipeddi (1991) Gioia, D. , & Chittipeddi, K. (1991). Sensemaking and sensegiving in strategic change initiation. Strategic Management Journal, 12, 433–448.

Gioia & Pitre (1990) Gioia, D. , & Pitre, E. (1990). Multiparadigm perspectives of theory building. Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 584–602.

Giorgi (1994) Giorgi, A. (1994). A phenomenological perspective on certain qualitative research methods. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 25, 191–220.

Giorgi (2009) Giorgi, A. (2009). The descriptive phenomenological method in psychology: A modified Huessrlian approach. Pittsburgh, PA: Duquesne University Press.

Given (2004) Given, L. (2004). Mini-disc recorder: A new approach for qualitative interviewing. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 3(2), Article 5. Retrieved from http://www.ualberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/3_2/pdf/given.pdf. Accessed on February 2, 2007.

Given (2008) Given, L. (2008). The Sage encyclopedia of qualitative research method. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Glaser (1978) Glaser, B. (1978). Theoretical sensitivity: Advances in the methodology of grounded theory. Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.

Glaser (1992) Glaser, B. (1992). Basics of grounded theory analysis: Emergence vs. forcing. Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.

Glaser (1998) Glaser, B. (1998). Doing grounded theory: Issues and discussions. Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.

Glaser (1999) Glaser, B. (1999). The future of grounded theory. Qualitative Health Research, 6, 836–845.

Glaser (2001) Glaser, B. (2001). The grounded theory: Conceptualizations contrasted with description. Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.

Glaser & Strauss (1967) Glaser, B. , & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory. Chicago, IL: Aldine.

Glass (1976) Glass, G. (1976). Primary, secondary, and meta-analysis of research. Educational Researcher, 5, 3–8.

Gleick (1987) Gleick, J. (1987). Chaos: Making a new science. New York, NY: Viking.

Golan & Wanta (2001) Golan, G. , & Wanta, W. (2001). Second-level agenda setting in the New Hampshire Primary: A comparison of coverage of three primary newspapers and public perceptions of candidates. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 78(2), 247–259.

Goldkuhl (2012) Goldkuhl, G. (2012). Pragmatism v. interpretivism in qualitative information systems research. European Journal of Information Systems, 21(2), 135–146.

Goleman (1995) Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York, NY: Bantam Books.

Golfashani (2003) Golfashani, N. (2003). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 8(3), 597–606.

Gomez et al. (2001) Gomez, M. , Cooke, K. , Fassinger, R. , Prosser, J. , Majia, B. , & Luna, J. (2001). Voces abriendo caminos [Voices forging paths: A qualitative study of the career development of notable Latinas]. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(3), 286–300.

Gomm, Hammersley, & Foster (2000) Gomm, R. , Hammersley, M. , & Foster, P. (2000). The case study method. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Gordon (2001) Gordon, M. (2001). Howard Lutnick’s second life. New York Magazine, December 10. Retrieved from http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/sept11/features/5486/

Goulding (2005) Goulding, C. (2005). Grounded theory, ethnography, and phenomenology: A comparative analysis and three qualitative strategies for marketing research. European Journal of Marketing, 39(3–4), 294–308.

Grady (2008) Grady, J. (2008). Visual research at the crossroads. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 9(3), Article 3.

Graen (2006) Graen, G. (2006). In the eye of the beholder: Cross-cultural lessons in leadership from the project GLOBE. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(4), 95–101.

Graetz (2000) Graetz, F. (2000). Strategic change leadership. Management Decision, 38(8), 550–562.

Greenbaum (2002) Greenbaum, T. (2002). The case against Internet focus groups. MRA Alert Newsletter, 40(4). Retrieved from http://www.groupsplus.com/pages/case2.htm. Accessed on January 12, 2007.

Greene, Black, & Ackers (2000) Greene, A. , Black, J. , & Ackers, P. (2000). The union makes us strong? A study of the dynamics of workplace union leadership at two UK manufacturing plants. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 38(1), 75–93.

Greene & Caracelli (2003) Greene, J. , & Caracelli, V. (2003). Making paradigm sense of mixed method practice. In A. Tashakkori & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Greenleaf (1970) Greenleaf, R. K. (1970). The servant as leader. Indianapolis, IN: The Robert K. Greenleaf Center.

Greenleaf (1977) Greenleaf, R. K. (1977). Servant leadership: A journey into the nature of legitimate power and greatness. New York, NY: Paulist Press.

Greiner & Bhambri (1998) Greiner, L. , & Bhambri, A. (1998). CEO intervention and dynamics of deliberate strategic change. Strategic Management Journal, 10, 67–86.

Griffey & Jackson (2010) Griffey, E. , & Jackson, B. (2010). The portrait as leader: Commissioned portraits and the power of tradition. Leadership, 6(2), 133–157.

Griffin (2009) Griffin, C. (2009). Feminist communication theories. In S. Littlejohn & K. Foss (Eds.), Encyclopedia of communication theory (pp. 391–395). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Grint (2000) Grint, K. (2000). The arts of leadership. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Grisar-Kassé (2004) Grisar-Kassé, K. (2004). The role of negative personal experiences in cross-cultural research: Failure or opportunity. In R. Marshan-Piekkari & C. Welch (Eds.), Handbook for qualitative research methods for international business (pp. 144–161). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Grondin (1995) Grondin, J. (1995). Sources of hermeneutics. Albany, NY: SUNY.

Gronn (1999) Gronn, P. (1999). Substituting for leadership: The neglected role of the leadership couple. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(1), 41–62.

Gronn (2002) Gronn, P. (2002). Distributed leadership as a unit of analysis. The Leadership Quarterly, 13(4), 423–451.

Guba (1981) Guba, E. (1981). Criteria for assessing trustworthiness in naturalistic inquiry. Educational Communication and Technology, 29, 79–92.

Guba & Lincoln (1982) Guba, E. , & Lincoln, Y. (1982). Epistemological and methodological bases of naturalistic inquiry. Educational Communication and Technology Journal, 30(4), 233–252.

Guba & Lincoln (1989) Guba, E. , & Lincoln, Y. (1989). Fourth generation evaluation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Guba & Lincoln (1990) Guba, E. , & Lincoln, Y. (1990). Can there be a human science? Person-Centered Review, 5(3), 130–154.

Guba & Lincoln (1994) Guba, E. , & Lincoln, Y. (1994). Competing paradigms in qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 1–17). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Guba & Lincoln (2000) Guba, E. , & Lincoln, Y. (2000). The only generalization is: There is no generalization. In R. Gomm , M. Hammersley , & P. Foster (Eds.), Case study method. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Guba & Lincoln (2005) Guba, E. , & Lincoln, Y. (2005). Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions, and emerging confluences. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Guenther (2009) Guenther, K. (2009). The politics of names: Rethinking the methodological and ethical significance of naming people, organizations, and places. Qualitative Research, 9(4), 411–421.

Guest, Bunce, & Johnson (2006) Guest, G. , Bunce, A. , & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods, 18(1), 59–82.

Gumbrium & Holstein (2002) Gumbrium, J. , & Holstein, J. (2002). From the individual interview to the interview society. In J. Gumbrium & J. Holstein (Eds.), Handbook of interview research: Context & method (pp. 3–32). London: Sage.

Gummeson (2006) Gummeson, E. (2006). Qualitative research in management: Addressing complexity, context and persona. Management Decision, 44(2), 167–179.

Guthey & Jackson (2005) Guthey, E. , & Jackson, B. (2005). CEO portraits and the authenticity paradox. Journal of Management Studies, 42(5), 1057–1082.

Habermas (1972) Habermas, J. (1972). Knowledge and human interest. London: Heinemann.

Hackman (1990) Hackman, J. R. (1990). Work teams in organizations: An orienting framework. In J. R. Hackman (Ed.), Groups that work (and those that don’t): Creating conditions for effective teamwork (pp. 1–4). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Haggerty (2004) Haggerty, K. (2004). Ethics creep: Governing social science research in the name of ethics. Qualitative Sociology, 27(4), 391–414.

Haley (1970) Haley, G. E. (1970). A story, a story. New York, NY: Atheneum Books Publishing.

Hall Lewis (2012) Hall Lewis, H. (2012). Barriers to women in roles of leadership in higher education: An examination of leadership texts. Unpublished dissertation, George Fox University.

Hammersley (1989) Hammersley, M. (1989). The dilemma of the qualitative method: Herbert Blumer and the Chicago tradition. London: Routledge.

Hammersley (1990) Hammersley, M. (1990). Reading ethnographic research: A critical guide. Melbourne: Longman.

Hammersley (1992) Hammersley, M. (1992). What’s wrong with ethnography? Methodological explorations. London: Routledge.

Hammersley (1999) Hammersley, M. (1999). Some reflections on the current state of qualitative research. Research Intelligence, 70, 16–18.

Hammersley & Atkinson (1995) Hammersley, M. , & Atkinson, P. (1995). Ethnography: Principles and practice. London: Routledge.

Hancock (2003) Hancock, P. (2003). Aestheticizing the world of organizations – Creating beautiful untrue things. In A. Carr & P. Hancock (Eds.), Art and aesthetics at work (pp. 42–64). Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.

Hancock & Tyler (2000) Hancock, P. , & Tyler, M. (2000). The look of love: Gender and the organization of aesthetics. In J. Hassard , R. Holloday , & H. Willmott (Eds.), Body and organization (pp. 108–129). London: Sage.

Hannah & Lautsch (2011) Hannah, D. , & Lautsch, B. (2011). Counting in qualitative research: Why to conduct it, when to avoid it, and when to closet it. Journal of Management Inquiry, 20(1), 14–22.

Harris (2003) Harris, F. (2003). Methodolatry and graphicacy. American Psychologist, 58(10), 817–818.

Harris, Wheeler, & Kacmar (2009) Harris, K. J. , Wheeler, A. R. , & Kacmar, K. M. (2009). Leader-member exchange and empowerment: Direct and interactive effects on job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(3), 371–382.

Harris & Sutton (1986) Harris, S. , & Sutton, R. (1986). Functions of parting ceremonies in dying organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 29, 5–30.

Harrison, McGibbon, & Morton (2001) Harrison, J. , McGibbon, L. , & Morton, M. (2001). Regimes of trustworthiness in qualitative research: The rigors of reciprocity. Qualitative Inquiry, 7(3), 323–345.

Hart (1896) Hart, A. B. (1896). Introduction. In M. P. Follett (Ed.), The speaker of the house of representatives (pp. xiii–xii). New York, NY: Longmans Green.

Hart, Capps, Cangemi, & Caillouet (1986) Hart, K. , Capps, R. , Cangemi, J. , & Caillouet, L. (1986). Exploring organizational trust and its multiple dimensions. Organization Development Journal, 4(Summer), 31–39.

Hart, Conklin, & Allen (2008) Hart, R. , Conklin, T. , & Allen, S. (2008). Individual leader development. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 10, 632–650.

Hartley (1994) Hartley, J. (1994). Case studies in organizational research. In C. Cassell & G. Symon (Eds.), Qualitative methods in organizational research: A practical guide (pp. 208–229). London: Sage.

Hartog & Verburg (1997) Hartog, D. , & Verburg, R. (1997). Charisma and rhetoric: Communicative techniques of international business leaders. The Leadership Quarterly, 8(4), 355–391.

Hartwell & Torbet (1999) Hartwell, J. , & Torbet, W. (1999). Analysis of the group interview with Andy Wilson. Journal of Management Inquiry, 8(2), 191–204.

Healy & Perry (2000) Healy, M. , & Perry, C. (2000). Comprehensive criteria to judge validity and reliability of qualitative research within the realism paradigm. Qualitative Market Research – An International Journal, 3(3), 118–126.

Heath & Cowley (2004) Heath, H. , & Cowley, S. (2004). Developing a grounded theory approach: A comparison of Glaser and Strauss. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 41, 141–150.

Heidegger (1962) Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and time. New York, NY: Harper & Row.

Heidegger (1996) Heidegger, M. (1996). Being in time (J. Stambaugh, Trans.). Albany, NY: SUNY (1st published in 1927).

Heidegger (1998) Heidegger, M. (1998). On the essence of BEING. In W. McNeill (Ed.), Pathways (pp. 291–322). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Original work published in 1967).

Heifetz (1994) Heifetz, R. A. (1994). Leadership without easy answers. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University.

Heifetz & Linsky (2002) Heifetz, R. A. , & Linsky, M. (2002). Leadership on the line: Staying alive through the dangers of leading. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Helgeson (1990) Helgeson, S. (1990). The female advantage: Women’s way of leading. New York, NY: Doubleday.

Héon, Davis, Jones-Patulli, & Damart (2014) Héon, F. , Davis, A. , Jones-Patulli, J. , & Damart, S. (Eds.). (2014). The essential Mary Parker Follett: Ideas we need today. Montreal, Quebec: François Héon Inc.

Herman (2005) Herman, L. (2005). Researching the images of evil events: An arts-based methodology in luminal space. Qualitative Inquiry, 11(3), 468–480.

Hermann-Kinney & Reynolds (2003) Hermann-Kinney, N. , & Reynolds, L. (2003). The handbook of symbolic interactionism. New York, NY: AltaMira.

Heron & Peason (1997) Heron, J. , & Peason, P. (1997). A participatory inquiry paradigm. Qualitative Inquiry, 3(3), 274–295.

Hesse (1980) Hesse, E. (1980). Revolutions and reconstructions in the philosophy of science. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Hickman (2015) Hickman, G. (Ed.). (2015). Leading organizations: Perspectives for a new era (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Hickman & Sorenson (2014) Hickman, G. R. , & Sorenson, G. J. (2014). The power of invisible leadership: How a compelling common purpose inspires exceptional leadership. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Hill, Kang, & Seo (2014) Hill, N. S. , Kang, J. H. , & Seo, M. (2014). The interactive effect of leader-member exchange and electronic communication on employee psychological empowerment and work outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(4), 772–783.

Hine (2000) Hine, C. (2000). Virtual ethnography. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Hinnings & Greenwood (1988) Hinnings, C. , & Greenwood, R. (1988). The dynamics of strategic change. Oxford: Blackwell.

Hinojosa, McCauley, Randolph-Seng, & Gardner (2014) Hinojosa, A. S. , McCauley, K. D. , Randolph-Seng, B. , & Gardner, W. (2014). Leader and follower attachment styles: Implications for authentic leader-follower relationships. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(3), 595–610.

Hirst, Mann, Bain, Pirola-Merlo, & Richver (2004) Hirst, G. , Mann, L. , Bain, P. , Pirola-Merlo, A. , & Richver, A. (2004). Learning to lead: The development and testing of a model of leadership learning. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(3), 311–327.

Hodgson, Green, & Kodatt (2012) Hodgson, M. , Green, M. , & Kodatt, S. (2012). Scandal vs. suggestion: A content analysis of leadership ethics articles in scholarly publications versus popular newspapers and articles. Proceedings of the 19th annual conference of the American society of business & behavioral science, Las Vegas, NV.

Hodgson, Levinson, & Zaleski (1965) Hodgson, R. , Levinson, D. , & Zaleski, A. (1965). The executive role constellation: An analysis of personality and role relations in management. Boston, MA: Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University.

Hoey (2014) Hoey, B. (2014). A simple introduction to the practice of ethnography and guide to ethnographic field notes. Marshall Digital Scholar, 1–10.

Hofstede (2001) Hofstede, G. (2001). Cultures consequences: Comparing vales, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Hogue (2011) Hogue, R. (2011). Axiology – What do you value in research. Retrieved from http://rjh.goingeast.ca/2011/11/17/axiology-what%20do%20you%20value-in-research? Accessed on February 18, 2011.

Hollander (1978) Hollander, E. P. (1978). Leadership dynamics. New York, NY: Free Press.

Hollander (1992a) Hollander, E. P. (1992a). The essential interdependence of leadership and followership. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(2), 71–75.

Hollander (1992b) Hollander, E. P. (1992b). Leadership, followership, self, and others. The Leadership Quarterly, 3(1), 43–54.

Hollander & Webb (1955) Hollander, E. P. , & Webb, W. B. (1955). Leadership, followership, and friendship: An analysis of peer nominations. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 50, 163–167.

Holloway & Todres (2003) Holloway, I. , & Todres, L. (2003). The status of method: flexibility, consistency, and coherence. Qualitative Research, 3(3), 345–358.

Holloway & Jefferson (1997) Holloway, W. , & Jefferson, T. (1997). Eliciting narrative through in-depth interview. Qualitative Inquiry, 3(1), 53–71.

Holm (2008) Holm, G. (2008). Visual research methods: Where we are and where we are going. In S. Nagy Hesse-Biber & P. Leavy (Eds.), Handbook of emergent methods (pp. 325–341). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Holmberg & Akerblom (2000) Holmberg, I. , & Akerblom, S. (2000). The production of outstanding leadership – An analysis of leadership images in the Swedish media. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 17, 67–85.

Holstein & Gubrium (2004) Holstein, J. , & Gubrium, J. (2004). The active interview. In B. Silverman (Ed.), Qualitative research: Theory, method, and practice (pp. 140–161). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Holt (2003) Holt, N. (2003). Representation, legitimation, and autoethnography: An autoethnographic writing story. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 2(1), Article 2.

House (1991) House, E. (1991). Realism in research. Educational Researcher, 20(6), 2–9.

House (1977) House, R. (1977). A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership. In J. Hunt & L. Larson (Eds.), Leadership the cutting edge (pp.189–207). Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.

House & Baetz (1979) House, R. , & Baetz, M. (1979). Leadership: Some generalizations and new research directions. In B. Staw (Ed.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 1, pp. 341–423). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

House, Hanges, Javidan, Dorfman, & Gupta (2004) House, R. , Hanges, P. , Javidan, M. , Dorfman, P. , & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

House, Spangler, & Woycke (1991) House, R. , Spangler, W. , & Woycke, J. (1991). Personality and charisma in the U.S. Presidency: A psychological theory of leader effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36, 364–396.

Howe & Strauss (2000) Howe, N. , & Strauss, W. (2000). Millennials rising: The next great generation. New York, NY: Vintage Books.

Howe (1988) Howe, R. (1988). Against the quantitative-qualitative incompatibility thesis or dogmas die hard. Educational Researcher, 17(8), 10–16.

Howell & Higgings (1990) Howell, J. , & Higgings, C. (1990). Leadership behaviors, influence tactics, and career experiences of champions of technological innovation. The Leadership Quarterly, 1(4), 249–264.

Howell & Mendez (2008) Howell, L. , & Mendez, M. (2008). Three perspectives on followership. In R. Riggio , I. Chaleff , & J. Lipman-Blumen (Eds.), The art of followership: How great followers create great leaders and organizations (pp. 25–40). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Hsieh & Shannon (2005) Hsieh, H. , & Shannon, S. (2005). Three approaches to quantitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288.

Humphreys & Brown (2002) Humphreys, M. , & Brown, A. (2002). Narratives of organizational identity and identification: A case study of hegemony and resistance. Organization Studies, 23(3), 421–447.

Hunt & Dodge (2000) Hunt, J. , & Dodge, G. (2000). Leadership déjà vu all over again. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(4), 435–458.

Hunter & Schmidt (1990) Hunter, J. , & Schmidt, F. (1990). Methods of meta-analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Huss & Cwikel (2005) Huss, E. , & Cwikel, J. (2005). Researching creations: Applying arts-based research to Bedouin women’s drawings. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 4(4), Article 4.

Husserl (1952) Husserl, E. (1952). Ideas: General introduction to pure phenomenology (W. Boyce Gibson, Trans.). London: Allen & Unwin.

Husserl (1962) Husserl, E. (1962). The crisis of European sciences and transcendental phenomenology (D. Carr, Trans.). Evanston, IL: Northwestern University.

Husserl (1970) Husserl, E. (1970). The idea of phenomenology. The Hague: Nijhoff.

Hycner (1999) Hycner, R. (1999). Some guidelines for phenomenological analysis of interview data. In R. Bryman & R. Burgess (Eds.), Qualitative research (Vol. 3, pp. 143–163). London: Sage.

Hyden & Bulow (2003) Hyden, L. , & Bulow, P. (2003). Who’s talking: Drawing conclusions from focus groups. Some methodological consideration. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 6(4), 305–321.

Ibarra & Barbulescu (2010) Ibarra, H. , & Barbulescu, R. (2010). Identity as narrative: Prevalence, effectiveness, and consequences of narrative identity work in macro work role transitions. Academy of Management Review, 35(1), 135–154.

Ilies, Morgenson, & Nahrgang (2005) Ilies, R. , Morgenson, F. , & Nahrgang, J. (2005). Authentic leadership and eudaemonic well-being: Understanding leader-follower outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 373–394.

Immelman (1998) Immelman, A. (1998). The political personalities of 1996 U.S. presidential candidates Bill Clinton and Bob Dole. Leadership Quarterly, 9(3), 335–366.

Insch, Moore, & Murphy (1997) Insch, G. , Moore, J. , & Murphy, L. (1997). Content analysis in leadership research: Examples, procedures, and suggestions for the future. The Leadership Quarterly, 8(1), 1–25.

Irwin (2008) Irwin, S. (2008). Data analysis and interpretation: Emergent issues in liking qualitative and quantitative evidence. In S. Hesse-Biber & P. Leavy (Eds.), Handbook of emergent methods (pp. 415–436). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Isakson (2000) Isakson, J. (2000). Constructing meaning despite the drudgery of repetitive work. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 40, 84–107.

Isenberg (1986) Isenberg, D. (1986). Thinking and managing: A verbal protocol analysis of managerial problem solving. Academy of Management Journal, 29(4), 775–778.

Iszatt-White (2009) Iszatt-White, M. (2009). Leadership as emotional labour: The effortful accomplishment of valuing practices. Leadership, 5(4), 447–467.

Ivankowa, Creswell, & Stick (2006) Ivankowa, N. , Creswell, J. , & Stick, S. (2006). Using mixed-methods: Sequential explanatory design: From theory to practice. Field Methods, 18(1), 3–20.

Jacobs & Longbothom (2011) Jacobs, G. , & Longbothom, G. (2011). The impact of spirituality on the formation of a leader’s purpose. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 8(1), 69–91.

Janesick (1994) Janesick, V. (1994). The dance of qualitative research design. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Qualitative research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Janesick (2000) Janesick, V. (2000). The choreography of qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 379–399). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Jepson (2009) Jepson, D. (2009). Leadership context: The importance of context. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 30(1), 36–52.

Joas (1987) Joas, H. (1987). Symbolic interactionism. In A. Giddens & J. Turner (Eds.), Social theory today. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Joas (1993) Joas, H. (1993). Pragmatism and social theory. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Johnson (1990) Johnson, B. (1990). Examining the quality structure of qualitative research. Education, 18(2), 282–292.

Johnson & Onwuegbuzie (2004) Johnson, B. , & Onwuegbuzie, A. (2004). Mixed methods research: A paradigm whose time has come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), 14–26.

Johnson, Onuwuegbuzie, & Turner (2007) Johnson, B. , Onuwuegbuzie, A. , & Turner, L. (2007). Toward a definition of mixed methods research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), 112–133.

Johnson & Leavitt (2001) Johnson, G. , & Leavitt, W. (2001). Building on success: Transforming organizations through appreciative inquiry. Public Personnel Management, 30(1), 129–137.

Jones (2005) Jones, S. (2005). Autoethnography: Making the personal political. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed., pp. 763–791). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Junker & van Dick (2014) Junker, N. M. , & van Dick, R. (2014). Implicit theories in organizational settings: A systematic review and research agenda of implicit leadership and followership theories. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(6), 1154–1173.

Kaarbo & Hermann (1998) Kaarbo, J. , & Hermann, M. (1998). Leadership style of prime ministers: How individual differences affect the foreign policy making process. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(3), 243–263.

Kabanoff, Waldersee, & Cohen (1995) Kabanoff, B. , Waldersee, R. , & Cohen, M. (1995). Espoused values and organizational change themes. Academy of Management Journal, 38(4), 1075–1104.

Kacen & Chaitin (2006) Kacen, L. , & Chaitin, J. (2006). “The times they are changing”: Undertaking qualitative research in ambiguous, conflictual, and changing context. The Qualitative Report, 11(2), 209–228.

Kahlke (2014) Kahlke, R. (2014). Generic qualitative approaches: Pitfalls and benefits of methodological mixology. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 13, 37–52.

Kaminski, Kaufman, Graubarth, & Robins (2000) Kaminski, M. , Kaufman, J. , Graubarth, R. , & Robins, T. (2000). How people become empowered? A study of union activists. Human Relations, 53(10), 1357–1383.

Kan & Parry (2004) Kan, M. , & Parry, K. (2004). Identifying paradox: A grounded theory of leadership in overcoming resistance to change. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(4), 467–491.

Kant (1911) Kant, I. (1911). Critique of aesthetic judgments (J. Meredith, Trans.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Kark, Shamir, & Chen (2003) Kark, R. , Shamir, B. , & Chen, G. (2003). The two faces of transformational leadership: Empowerment and dependency. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 246–256.

Karp (2015) Karp, T. (2015). Is willpower important in acts of leadership? Leadership, 11(1), 20–35. doi:10.1177/1742715013498406

Kawulich (2005) Kawulich, B. (2005). Participant observation as a data collection method. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 6(2), Article 43.

Kelle (2001) Kelle, U. (2001). Sociological explanations between micro and macro and the integration of qualitative and quantitative methods. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 2(1). Retrieved from http://www.qualitative-research.net/fqs/fqs-eng.htm. Accessed on May 14, 2007.

Kelle (2005) Kelle, U. (2005). Emergence” vs. “Forcing” of empirical data: A crucial problem of “Grounded Theory” reconsidered. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, Article 27.

Kellerman (2008) Kellerman, B. (2008). Followership: How followers are creating change and changing leaders. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.

Kelley (1988) Kelley, R. E. (1988). In praise of followers. Harvard Business Review, 66(6), 321–341.

Kelley (1992) Kelley, R. E. (1992). The power of followership: How to create leaders people want to follow, and followers who lead themselves. New York, NY: Doubleday.

Kempster & Parry (2011) Kempster, S. , & Parry, K. (2011). Grounded theory and leadership research: A critical realist view. The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 106–120.

Kerr & Jermier (1978) Kerr, S. , & Jermier, J. (1978). Substitutes for leadership: Their meaning and measurement. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 22, 374–403.

Kets de Vries (1999) Kets de Vries, M. (1999). High-performance teams: Lessons from the pygmies. Organizational Dynamics, 27(Winter), 66–77.

Kezar (2002) Kezar, A. (2002). Reconstructing static images of leadership: An application of positionality theory. Journal of Leadership Studies, 8(3), 94–110.

Khan (2007) Khan, S. (2007). The case of case-based design of educational software: A methodological interrogation. Educational Technology, Research and Development, 55, 1–25.

Khan & VanWynsberghe (2008) Khan, S. , & VanWynsberghe, R. (2008). Cultivating the under-mined: Cross-case analysis as knowledge mobilization. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 9(1), Article 34.

Kincheloe (2005) Kincheloe, J. (2005). Critical constructivism primer. New York, NY: Peter Lang.

Kirkpatrick & Locke (1991) Kirkpatrick, S. , & Locke, E. (1991). Leadership: Do traits matter? The Academy of Management Executive, 5(2), 48–61.

Kirkpatrick, Wofford, & Baum (2002) Kirkpatrick, S. , Wofford, J. , & Baum, R. (2002). Measuring motive imagery contained in vision statements. The Leadership Quarterly, 13, 139–150.

Kisfalvi (2000) Kisfalvi, V. (2000). The threat of failure, the perils of success and CEO character: Sources of strategic persistence. Organization Studies, 21(3), 611–639.

Kisfalvi & Pitcher (2003) Kisfalvi, V. , & Pitcher, P. (2003). Doing what is right: The influence of CEO character and emotions on top management team dynamics. Journal of Management Inquiry, 12(1), 42–66.

Kitchin (2002) Kitchin, H. (2002). The tri-council in cyberspace: Insights, oversights and extrapolations. In S. Jones (Ed.), Doing internet research: Critical issue and methods for examining the net (pp. 160–174). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Klein & Westcott (1994) Klein, P. , & Westcott, M. (1994). The changing character of phenomenological psychology. Canadian Psychology, 35(2), 133–157.

Klenke (1996) Klenke, K. (1996). Women in leadership: A contextual perspectives. New York, NY: Springer.

Klenke (1997) Klenke, K. (1997). Leadership dispersion in high performance information systems teams. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 8(1), 149–169.

Klenke (2003) Klenke, K. (2003). The leader’s new work: Living with paradox. Paper presented at the annual conference of the International Leadership Association, Guadalajara, Mexico, November 1–5.

Klenke (2004) Klenke, K. (2004). Qualitative research methods in leadership: Paradigm shift or paradigm analysis? Paper presented at the 5th International Conference on Advances in Qualitative Methods, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, January 29–31.

Klenke (2005) Klenke, K. (2005). The internal theater of the authentic leader: Integrating cognitive, affective, conative, and spiritual facets of authentic leadership. In W. Gardner , B. Avolio , & F. Walumba (Eds.), Authentic leadership theory and practice: Origins, effects and development (pp. 155–182). New York, NY: Elsevier.

Klenke (2007a) Klenke, K. (2007a). Authentic leadership: A self, leader, and spiritual identity perspective. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 3(1), 68–97.

Klenke (2007b) Klenke, K. (2007b). E-spirituality: Spirituality at the confluence of affect and technology. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 4(2), 234–268.

Klenke (2008) Klenke, K. (2008). Qualitative research in the study of leadership. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Group Limited.

Klenke (2011) Klenke, K. (2011). Women in leadership: Contextual boundaries and dynamics. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Group Limited.

Knouse (2011) Knouse, S. B. (2011). Managing generational diversity in the 21st century. Competition Forum, 9(2), 255–260.

Kohles, Bligh, & Carsten (2012) Kohles, J. C. , Bligh, M. C. , & Carsten, M. K. (2012). A follower-centric approach to the vision integration process. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(3), 476–487.

Kolbe & Burnett (1991) Kolbe, R. , & Burnett, M. (1991). Content analysis research: An examination of applications with directives for improving research reliability and objectivity. Journal of Consumer Research, 18, 243–250.

Kolsch (2013) Kolsch, L. (2013). Reconceptualizing the member interview. International Journal of Qualitative Research, 12, 168–179.

Komires, Mainella, Longerbeam, Osteen, & Owen (2006) Komires, S. , Mainella, F. , Longerbeam, S. , Osteen, L. , & Owen, J. (2006). A leadership identity model: Applications from a grounded theory. Journal of College Student Development, 47(4), 401–419.

Kondracki & Wellman (2002) Kondracki, N. , & Wellman, N. (2002). Content analysis: Review of methods and their applications in nutrition education. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 34, 224–230.

Kostamo & Virtaharju (2013) Kostamo, T. , & Virtaharju, J. (2013). Leadership, managerial work, and organizational practices – An ethnographic study of supervisory work in a Finish logistics centre. Paper presented at the 29th EGOS Colloquium. Montreal, Canada, July 4–6.

Kouzes & Posner (1995) Kouzes, J. , & Posner, B. (1995). The leadership challenge: How to keep getting extraordinary things done in organizations (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Kracauer (1947) Kracauer, S. (1947). From Calgary to Hitler. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Krauss (2005) Krauss, S. (2005). Research paradigms and meaning making: A primer. The Qualitative Report, 10(4), 758–770.

Krippendorff (1980) Krippendorff, K. (1980). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Krippendorff (2004a) Krippendorff, K. (2004a). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Krippendorff (2004b) Krippendorff, K. (2004b). Reliability in content analysis: Some common misconceptions and recommendations. Human Communication Research, 30(3), 411–433.

Krippendorff (2012) Krippendorff, K. (2012). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Krippendorff (2014) Krippendorff, K. (2014). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Kruger (1994) Kruger, R. (1994). Focus group interviews: A practical guide for applied research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Kruger & Casey (2000) Kruger, R. , & Casey, M. (2000). Focus group interviews: A practical guide for applied research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Kuckartz (2014) Kuckartz, U. (2014). Qualitative text analysis: A guide to methods, practice and using software. London: Sage.

Kuhn (1962) Kuhn, T. (1962). The structure of scientific revolutions (1st ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Kuhn (1996) Kuhn, T. (1996). The structure of scientific revolutions (3rd ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Kuhn (2000) Kuhn, T. (2000). The road since structure. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Kuiken & Miall (2001) Kuiken, D. , & Miall, D. (2001). Numerically aided phenomenology: Procedures for investigating categories of experience. Forum: Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 2(1), Article 15.

Kvale (1989) Kvale, S. (1989). Issues of validity in qualitative research. Lund: Chartwell Bratt.

Kvale (1995) Kvale, S. (1995). The social construction of validity. Qualitative Inquiry, 1, 19–40.

Kvale (2007) Kvale, S. (2007). Doing interviews. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Kvale & Brinkman (2009) Kvale, S. , & Brinkman, S. (2009). InterViews: An introduction to qualitative interviewing. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Labaree (1998) Labaree, D. (1998). Educational researchers: Living with a lesser form of knowledge. Educational Researcher, 27(8), 4–12.

Labov & Waletzky (1967) Labov, W. , & Waletzky, J. (1967). Narrative analysis: Oral versions of personal experiences. In J. Helm (Ed.), Essays on verbal and visual arts (pp. 12–44). Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.

Labuschagne (2003) Labuschagne, A. (2003). Qualitative research: Airy fairy or fundamental. The Qualitative Report, 8(1), 6–10.

Ladson-Billings (2003) Ladson-Billings, G. (2003). It’s our world, I’m just trying to explain it: Understanding our epistemological and methodological challenges. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(1), 5–12.

Laksman (2007) Laksman, C. (2007). Organizational knowledge leadership: A grounded theory approach. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 28(1), 51–75.

Lancy (1993) Lancy, D. (1993). Qualitative research in education: An introduction to the major traditions. New York, NY: Longman.

Landridge (2004) Landridge, D. (2004). Introduction to research methods and data analysis in psychology. Harslow: Prentice-Hall.

Larsson & Holmström (2007) Larsson, J. , & Holmström, I. (2007). Phenomenographic or phenomenological analysis: Does it matter: Examples from a study on anaesthesiologists’ work. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 2, 55–64.

Lauterbach & Weiner (1996) Lauterbach, K. , & Weiner, B. (1996). Dynamics of upward influence: How male and female managers get their way. Leadership Quarterly, 7(1), 87–107.

Laverty (2003) Laverty, S. (2003). Hermeneutic phenomenology and phenomenology: A comparison of historical and methodological consideration. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 2(3), Article 3.

Lawson (1999) Lawson, R. G. (1999). Mary Parker Follett: An analysis of her explorations in reform. Dissertation Abstracts International, 61(3), 1156, UMI No. 9965367.

Leavy & Wilson (1984) Leavy, B. , & Wilson, D. (1984). Strategy and leadership. London: Routledge.

Lee (1989) Lee, A. (1989). A scientific methodology for MIS case studies. MIS Quarterly, 13(1), 33–52.

Lee (1991) Lee, A. (1991). Integrating positivistic and interpretive research: Approaches to organizational research. Organization Science, 2(4), 342–365.

Lee (2006) Lee, K. (2006). 2006 APEC economic policy report. Singapore: APEC Secretariat.

Levine (2000) Levine, S. (2000). Researching imagination – Imagining research. Poesis: A Journal of the Arts & Communications, 2, 88–93.

Lewins & Silver (2009) Lewins, A. , & Silver, C. (2009). Choosing a CAQDAS package: A working paper. CAQDAS Networking Project. Retrieved from http://cue.berkeley.edu/qdaarticle.pdf. Accessed on March 19, 2015.

Liamputtong (2011) Liamputtong, P. (2011). Focus group methodology: Principle and practice. London: Sage.

Ligon, Hunter, & Munford (2008) Ligon, G. , Hunter, S. , & Munford, M. (2008). Development of outstanding leadership: A life narrative approach. The Leadership Quarterly, 19, 312–334.

Lin & Rababah (2014) Lin, H. , & Rababah (2014). CEO-TMT exchange, TMT personality composition, and decision quality: The mediating role of TMT psychological empowerment. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(5), 943–957.

Lincoln (1995) Lincoln, Y. (1995). Emerging criteria for quality in qualitative and interpretive research. Qualitative Inquiry, 1(3), 275–289.

Lincoln & Denzin (2002a) Lincoln, Y. , & Denzin, N. (2002a). Introduction: Revolutions, ruptures, and rifts in interpretive inquiry. In Y. Lincoln & N. Denzin (Eds.), Turning points in qualitative research (pp. 1–19). New York, NY: AltaMira Press.

Lincoln & Denzin (2002b) Lincoln, Y. , & Denzin, N. (Eds.). (2002b). Turning points in qualitative research. New York, NY: AltaMira Press.

Lincoln & Guba (1985) Lincoln, Y. , & Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Lincoln & Guba (1989) Lincoln, Y. , & Guba, E. (1989). Ethics: The failure of positivistic science. Review of Higher Education, 12(3), 221–240.

Lincoln & Guba (1994) Lincoln, Y. , & Guba, E. (1994). Naturalistic inquiry (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Lincoln & Guba (2000) Lincoln, Y. , & Guba, E. (2000). Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions, and emerging confluences. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed.). London: Sage.

Lincoln & Guba (2003) Lincoln, Y. , & Guba, E. (2003). The seventh moment: Out of the past. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The landscape of qualitative research: Theories and issues (pp. 611–640). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Lipman-Blumen (1996) Lipman-Blumen, J. (1996). The connective edge: Leading in an interdependent world. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Lipsett (2007) Lipsett, L. (2007). Images of September 11. Retrieved from http://home.oise.utoronto.ca/~aresearch/completed.html. Accessed on June 6, 2007.

Lips-Wiersma & Mills (2002) Lips-Wiersma, M. , & Mills, C. (2002). Coming out of the closet: Negotiating spiritual expression in the workplace. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 17(3), 183–213.

Lipsey & Wilson (2001) Lipsey, M. , & Wilson, D. (2001). Practical meta-analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Lloyd-Jones (2003) Lloyd-Jones, G. (2003). Design and control issues in qualitative case research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 2(2), Article 4. Retrieved from http://www.ualberta.ca/~jiqm/backissues/2_2/html.lloydjones.html. Accessed on November 3, 2006.

Loizos (2000) Loizos, P. (2000). Video, film and photographs as research documents. In M. Bauer & G. Gaskell (Eds.), Qualitative researching with text, image and sound (pp. 93–107). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Lombard, Snyder-Duch, & Campanella Bracken (2002) Lombard, M. , Snyder-Duch, J. , & Campanella Bracken, C. (2002). Content analysis in mass communication: Assessment and reporting of intercoder reliability. Human Communication Research, 28(4), 587–604.

Lord (2007) Lord, J. (2007). The quote center. Retrieved from www.apprciative-inquiry.org/AI-Quotes.htm. Accessed on July 10, 2007.

Low (2006) Low, I. (2006). The evolution of PECC: The first 25 years. ASEAN Economic Bulletin, 23, 273–275.

Lowe & Gardner (2000) Lowe, K. , & Gardner, W. (2000). Ten years of the leadership quarterly: Contributions and challenges for the future. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(4), 459–514.

Lundberg (1976) Lundberg, C. (1976). Hypothesis creation in organizational behavior research. Academy of Management Review, 1, 5–12.

Luthans (2002) Luthans, F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 695–706.

Luthans & Avolio (2003) Luthans, F. , & Avolio, B. J. (2003). Authentic leadership: A positive developmental approach. In K. S. Cameron , J. E. Dutton , & R. E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive organizational scholarship (pp. 241–261). San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Madison (2012) Madison, D. (2012). Critical ethnography: Method, ethics, and performance (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Madison (1988) Madison, G. (1988). The hermeneutics of postmodernity: Figures and themes. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Madriz (2000) Madriz, E. (2000). Focus groups in feminist research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincolns (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 835–850). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Mahon (2002) Mahon, M. (2002). The visible evidence of cultural procedures. Annual Review of Anthropology, 29, 467–492.

Maitlis & Lawrence (2007) Maitlis, S. , & Lawrence, T. (2007). Triggers and enablers of sensegiving in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 57–84.

Mann & Stewart (2000) Mann, C. , & Stewart, F. (2000). Internet communication and qualitative research: A handbook for researching online. London: Sage.

Manning (1997) Manning, K. (1997). Authenticity in constructivist inquiry: Methodological considerations. Qualitative Inquiry, 3(1), 93–116.

Marion & Uhl-Bien (2001) Marion, R. , & Uhl-Bien, M. (2001). Leadership in complex organization. Leadership Quarterly, 12(4), 389–418.

Markus (1997) Markus, M. (1997). The qualitative difference in IS research and practice. In A. Lee , J. Liebenau , & J. deGross (Eds.), Information systems and qualitative research (pp. 2–27). London: Chapman and Hall.

Martin & Beaumont (1999) Martin, G. , & Beaumont, P. (1999). Co-ordination and control of human resource management in multinational firms: The case of CASHCO. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10(1), 21–42.

Martin & Turner (1986) Martin, P. , & Turner, B. (1986). Grounded theory and organizational research. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 22(2), 141–157.

Martin (1980) Martin, S. (1980). Breaking and entering: Policewomen on patrol. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Martin (2005) Martin, S. S. (2005). Toward a theory of invisible leadership: A content analysis of the writings of Mary Parker Follett. Dissertation Abstracts International, 66(12A), 4552, UMI No. 3202607.

Maslach & Jackson (1981) Maslach, C. , & Jackson, S. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99–113.

Mason (2001) Mason, B. (2001). Issues in virtual ethnography. In K. Buckner (Ed.), Ethnographic studies in real and virtual environments: Inhabited information spaces and connected communities (pp. 61–69). New York, NY: Harper Row.

Mason (2006) Mason, J. (2006). Mixing methods in a qualitatively driven way. Qualitative Research, 6(1), 9–25.

Mason (2010) Mason, M. (2010). Sample size and saturation in PhD studies using qualitative interviews. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 11(3), Article 8.

Mason (2005) Mason, P. (2005). Visual data in applied qualitative research: Lessons from experience. Qualitative Research, 5(3), 125–146.

Matteson (2006) Matteson, J. (2006). The emergence of self-sacrificial leadership: An exploration of the theoretical boundaries from the perspective of the leader. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Regent University, Virginia Beach, VA.

Maxwell & Loomis (2003) Maxwell, J. , & Loomis, D. (2003). Mixed methods: An alternative approach. In A. Tashakkori & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social & behavioral research (pp. 241–271). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Maykut & Morehouse (1994) Maykut, P. , & Morehouse, R. (1994). Beginning qualitative research: A philosophic and practical guide. London: Falmer.

Mayo & Nohira (2005) Mayo, A. , & Nohira, N. (2005). Zeitgeist leadership. Harvard Business Review, (October), 45–60.

Mayring (2000) Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative content analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 2(1), Article 20. Retrieved from http://www.qualitative-research.net/fqs-texte/2-00/2-00mayring-e.htm. Accessed on December 24, 2006.

Mayring (2002) Mayring, P. (2002). Einführung in die qualitative sozialforschung: Eine Anleitung zum qualitativen Denken (5th ed.). Weinheim: Beltz.

Mays & Pope (1995) Mays, N. , & Pope, C. (1995). Rigour and qualitative research. British Medical Journal, 311, 109–112.

McAuliffe (2003) McAuliffe, D. (2003). Challenging methodological traditions: Research by e-mail. The Qualitative Report, 8(1), 57–69.

McCabe (2000) McCabe, D. (2000). Waiting for dead men’s shoes: Toward a cultural understanding of management innovation. Human Relations, 55(5), 505–536.

McGregor & Murname (2010) McGregor, S. , & Murname, J. (2010). Paradigm, methodology and method: Intellectual integrity in consumer scholarship. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 34(4), 419–427.

McGregor (2007) McGregor, S. L. T. (2007). International journal of consumer studies: Decade review (1997–2006). International Journal of Consumer Studies, 31(1), 2–18.

McLaughlin (1991) McLaughlin, E. (1991). Oppositional poverty: The quantitative/quality divide and other dichotomies. Sociological Review, 39, 292–308.

McLeod (2001) McLeod, J. (2001). Qualitative research in counseling and psychotherapy. London: Sage.

Mead (1934) Mead, G. (1934). Mind, self, and society from the standpoint of social behaviorist. Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.

Mehra, Smith, Dixon, & Robertson (2006) Mehra, A. , Smith, B. R. , Dixon, A. L. , & Robertson, B. (2006). Distributed leadership in teams: The network of leadership perceptions and team performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(3), 232–245.

Meikle (1985) Meikle, R. (1985). Essentialism in the thought of Karl Marx. Chicago, IL: Open Court Publishing Company.

Meindl (1990) Meindl, J. (1990). On leadership: An alternative to the conventional wisdom. In B. Staw & L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 12, pp. 159–203). London: JAI Press.

Mendenhall & Marsh (2010) Mendenhall, M. E. , & Marsh, W. J. (2010). Voices from the past: Mary Parker Follett and Joseph Smith on collaborative leadership. Journal of Management Inquiry, 19(4), 284–303.

Meo (2010) Meo, A. (2010). Picturing students’ habitus: The advantages and limitations of photo-elicitation interviewing in a qualitative study in the city of Buenos Aires. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 9(2), 149–171.

Merriam (1998) Merriam, S. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary . Retrieved from www.merriam-webster.com

Metcalf & Urwick (1941) Metcalf, H. C. , & Urwick, L. (Eds.) (1941). Dynamic administration: The collected papers of Mary Parker Follett. New York, NY: Harper.

Miles (1990) Miles, M. (1990). New methods for qualitative data collection and analysis: Vignettes and pre-structured cases. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 3(1), 37–51.

Miles & Huberman (1984) Miles, M. , & Huberman, A. (1984). Drawing valid meaning from qualitative data: Toward a shared craft. Educational Researcher, 13, 20–30.

Miles & Huberman (1994) Miles, M. , & Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Miles, Huberman, & Saldaña (2014) Miles, M. , Huberman, A. , & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Milgram (1974) Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to authority: An experimental view. New York, NY: Harper & Row.

Miller & Glassner (2004) Miller, J. , & Glassner, B. (2004). The “inside” and the “outside”: Finding realities in interviews. In B. Silverman (Ed.), Qualitative research: Theory, method, and practice (pp. 125–139). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Miller, Wilson Nelson, & Moore (1998) Miller, S. , Wilson Nelson, M. , & Moore, M. (1998). Caught in the paradigm gap: Qualitative researchers’ lived experience and the politics of epistemology. American Educational Research Journal, 35(3), 377–416.

Miller & Bell (2002) Miller, T. , & Bell, L. (2002). Consenting to what? Issues of access, gate-keeping, and informed consent. In M. Mauthner , M. Birch , J. Jessop , & T. Miller (Eds.), Ethics in qualitative research (pp. 53–69). Thousand Oak, CA: Sage.

Miller, Birch, Mauthner, & Jessop (2012) Miller, T. , Birch, M. , Mauthner, M. , & Jessop, K. (2012). Ethics in qualitative research. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Millikin, Hom, & Manz (2010) Millikin, J. P. , Hom, P. W. , & Manz, C. C. (2010). Self-management competencies in self-managing teams: Their impact on multi-team system productivity. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(5), 687–702.

Mills, Bonner, & Francis (2006) Mills, J. , Bonner, A. , & Francis, K. (2006). The development of constructivist grounded theory. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5(1), Article 3.

Mizrahi & Rosenthal (2001) Mizrahi, T. , & Rosenthal, B. (2001). Complexities of coalition building: Leaders’ successes, strategies, struggles, and solutions. Social Work, 56, 63–78.

Moen (2006) Moen, T. (2006). Reflections on the narrative research approach. International Journal of Qualitative Methodology, 5(4), Article 5.

Moerer-Urdahl & Creswell (2004) Moerer-Urdahl, T. , & Creswell, J. (2004). Using transcendental phenomenology to explore the “ripple effect” in a leadership mentoring program. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 3(2), Article 2.

Molina-Azorin (2011) Molina-Azorin, J. (2011). The added value of mixed methods in management research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 5(1), 7–24.

Molina-Azorin (2012) Molina-Azorin, J. (2012). Mixed method research in strategic management: Impact and applications. Organizational Research Methods, 15(1), 33–56.

Moran (2000) Moran, D. (2000). Introduction to phenomenology. London: Routledge.

Moran-Elis et al. (2006) Moran-Elis, J. , Alexander, V. , Cronin, A. , Dickinson, M. , Fielding, J. , Sleney, J. , & Thomas, H. (2006). Triangulation and integration: Process, claims and implications. Qualitative Methods, 6(1), 45–59.

Moret, Reuzel, Van Der Wilt, & Grin (2007) Moret, M. , Reuzel, R. , Van Der Wilt, G. , & Grin, J. (2007). Validity and reliability of qualitative data analysis: Interrater agreement in reconstructing interpretative frames. Field Methods, 19(1), 24–39.

Morgan (1993) Morgan, D. (1993). Qualitative content analysis: A guide to paths not taken. Qualitative Health Research, 3, 112–121.

Morgan (2007) Morgan, D. (2007). Paradigms lost and paradigms regained: Methodological implications of combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 48–76.

Morgan & Smircich (1980) Morgan, G. , & Smircich, L. (1980). The case for qualitative research. Academy of Management Review, 5(4), 491–500.

Morgeson & DeRue (2006) Morgeson, F. P. , & DeRue, D. S. (2006). Event criticality, urgency, and duration: Understanding how events disrupt teams and influence team leader intervention. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(3), 271–287.

Morris (1994) Morris, R. (1994). Computerized content analysis in management research. Journal of Management, 20, 903–931.

Morrow (1994) Morrow, R. (1994). Critical theory and methodology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Morse, Barrett, Mayan, Olson, & Spiers (2002) Morse, J. , Barrett, M. , Mayan, M. , Olson, K. , & Spiers, J. (2002). Verification strategies for establishing reliability and validity in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 1(2), Article 2. Retrieved from http://www.ualberta.ca/~ijqm. Accessed on October 25, 2006.

Morse & Field (1995) Morse, J. , & Field, P. (1995). Qualitative research methods for health professionals. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Moss (2004) Moss, G. (2004). Provisions of trustworthiness in critical narrative research: Bridging intersubjectivity and fidelity. The Qualitative Report, 9(2), 359–374.

Mouly & Sankaran (1999) Mouly, S. , & Sankaran, J. (1999). The permanent acting leader: Insights from a dying Indian R&D organization. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(4), 637–651.

Moustakas (1994) Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Muhr (1997) Muhr, T. (1997). ATLAS.ti: Short user’s manual. Berlin: Scientific Software Development.

Mullen (2003) Mullen, C. (2003). A self-fashioned gallery of aesthetic practice. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(2), 165–182.

Mullen & Cochran (2000) Mullen, C. , & Cochran, F. (2000). Creating a collaborative leadership network: An organic view of change. International Journal of Leadership Education, 3(3), 183–200.

Mumford & Van Doorn (2001) Mumford, M. , & Van Doorn, J. (2001). The leadership of pragmatism: Reconsidering Franklin in the age of charisma. The Leadership Quarterly, 12, 279–309.

Mumford, Zaccaro, Harding, Jacobs, & Fleishman (2000) Mumford, M. , Zaccaro, S. , Harding, F. , Jacobs, T. , & Fleishman, A. (2000). Leadership skills for a changing world: Solving complex social problems. The Leadership Quarterly, 11, 11–35.

Murphy & O’Brien (2006) Murphy, S. , & O’Brien, A. (2006). Listening above the Din: The potential of language in organizational research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5(2), Article 10. Retrieved from http://www.ualberta.ca/_ijqm/backissues/5_2/pdf/murphy.pdf. Accessed on February 3, 2007.

Murray (1999) Murray, G. (1999). Courage to create and courage to lead: A case study of the artistic leader Toni Morrison. Journal of Leadership Studies, 6(1–2), 134–149.

Musgrove (1976) Musgrove, M. (1976). Ashanti to Zulu: African traditions. New York, NY: Puffin Penguin Books.

Neuendorf (2002) Neuendorf, K. (2002). The content analysis guidebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Neuman (1995) Neuman, A. (1995). Context, cognition, and culture: A case analysis of collegiate leadership and cultural change. American Educational Journal, 32(2), 251–279.

Ng & De Cook (2002) Ng, W. , & De Cook, C. (2002). Battle in the boardroom: A discursive perspective. Journal of Management Studies, 39(1), 23–49.

Nicolaides et al. (2014) Nicolaides, V. C. , LaPort, K. A. , Chen, T. R. , Tomassetti, A. J. , Weis, E. J. , Zaccaro, S. J. , & Cortina, J. M. (2014). The shared leadership of teams: A meta-analysis of proximal, distal, and moderating relationships. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(5), 923–942.

Norman, Avolio, & Luthans (2010) Norman, S. M. , Avolio, B. J. , & Luthans, F. (2010). The impact of positivity and transparency on trust in leaders and their perceived effectiveness. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(3), 350–364.

Nyberg & Sveningsson (2014) Nyberg, D. , & Sveningsson, S. (2014). The paradoxes of authentic leadership: Leader identity struggles. Leadership, 10(4), 437–455.

Oakley (2000) Oakley, A. (2000). Experiments in knowing: Gender and method in the social sciences. New York, NY: The New Press.

Oberle (2002) Oberle, K. (2002). Ethics in qualitative health research. Annals RCPSC, 38(8), 563–566.

Oc & Bashur (2013) Oc, B. , & Bashur, M. R. (2013). Followership, leadership and social influence. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(6), 919–934.

O’Connor, Mumford, Clifton, & Gessner (1995) O’Connor, J. , Mumford, M. , Clifton, T. , & Gessner, T. (1995). Charismatic leaders and destructiveness. Leadership Quarterly, 6(4), 529–555.

Oden (2013) Oden, M. (2013). Using photo voice to teach social issues with undergraduate social work students. Texas Public Health Journal, 65(4), 7–10.

Offerman (1995) Offerman, L. R. (1995). Leading and empowering diverse followers. In G. R. Hickman (Ed.), Leading organizations: Perspectives for a new era (pp. 397–403). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) . Retrieved from www.ofsted.gov.uk

Ogawa & Malen (1991) Ogawa, R. , & Malen, B. (1991). Toward rigor in reviews of multivocal literatures: Applying the exploratory case study. Review of Educational Research, 61(3), 256–286.

O’Keefe (2000) O’Keefe, G. (2000). Museum gallery display. Santa Fee, NM: The Georgia O’Keefe Museum.

Olesen (2000) Olesen, V. (2000). Feminism and qualitative research at and into the millennium. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 215–255). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Olubunmi (2014) Olubunmi, P. (2014). Data collection and new technology. International Journal of Emerging Technologies, 8(2), 48–52.

Onwuegbuzie & Teddlie (2003) Onwuegbuzie, A. , & Teddlie, C. (2003). A framework for analyzing data in mixed methods research. In A. Tashkkori & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social & behavioral research (pp. 351–384). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Opatokun, Hasim, & Hassan (2013) Opatokun, K. , Hasim, C. , & Hassan, S. (2013). Authentic leadership in higher learning institution: A case study of International Islamis University Malaysia (IIUM). International Journal of Leadership Studies, 8(1), 44–58.

Oplatka (2002) Oplatka, I. (2002). Women principals and the concept of burnout: An alternative voice? International Journal of Leadership in Education, 5(3), 21–226.

Orvik, Larun, Berland, & Ringsberg (2013) Orvik, A. , Larun, L. , Berland, A. , & Ringsberg, K. (2013). Situational factors in focus group studies a systematic review. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 12, 338–358.

Osborn, Hunt, & Jauch (2002) Osborn, R. , Hunt, J. , & Jauch, L. (2002). Toward a contextual theory of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 13(6), 797–837.

Pain (2012) Pain, H. (2012). A literature review to evaluate the choice and use of visual methods. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 11(4), 3030–3319.

Palmer (1983/1993) Palmer, P. (1983/1993). To know as we are known: Education as spiritual journey. San Francisco, CA: Harper.

Palys & Atchison (2012) Palys, T. , & Atchison, C. (2012). Qualitative research in the digital era: Obstacles and opportunities. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 11(4), 352–367.

Panofsky (1970) Panofsky, E. (1970). Meaning in the visual arts. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Paré (2002) Paré, G. (2002). Enhancing rigor of qualitative research: Application of a case methodology to build theories of IT implementations. The Qualitative Report. Retrieved from http://nova.edu/ssss/OR/QR7-4/pare.html. Accessed on October 15, 2006.

Parker (2005) Parker, I. (2005). Qualitative psychology – Introducing radical research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Parker (1995) Parker, M. (1995). Critique in the name of what? Postmodernism and critical approaches to organization. Organization Studies, 16(4), 553–565.

Parry (1998) Parry, K. (1998). Grounded theory and social process: A new direction for leadership research. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(1), 85–106.

Parry (1999) Parry, K. (1999). Enhancing adaptability: Leadership strategies to accommodate change in local government settings. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12(2), 134–156.

Patton & Appelbaum (2003) Patton, E. , & Appelbaum, S. (2003). The case for case studies in management research. Management Research News, 26(5), 60–71.

Patton (2002) Patton, M. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Paulus, Lester, & Britt (2013) Paulus, T. , Lester, J. , & Britt, V. (2013). Constructing hopes and fears around technologies: A discourse analysis of introductory qualitative research texts. Qualitative Inquiry, 19(9), 639–651.

Pauwels & Mattyssens (2004) Pauwels, P. , & Mattyssens, P. (2004). The architecture of multiple case studies in international business. In R. Marshan-Piekkari & C. Welch (Eds.), Handbook for qualitative research methods for international business (pp.124–143). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Pearce & Conger (2003) Pearce, C. , & Conger, J. (2003). Shared leadership: Reframing the hows and whys of leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Pentland (1999) Pentland, B. (1999). Building process theory with narrative: From description to explanation. Academy of Management Review, 24(4), 711–724.

Perrewe & Zellars (1999) Perrewe, P. , & Zellars, K. (1999). An examination of attributions and emotions in the transactional approach to the organizational stress project. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(5), 739–752.

Perry (1968) Perry, W. (1968). Patterns of development of thought and values of students in a liberal arts college: A validation of as scheme. Cambridge, MA: Bureau of Study Counsel, Harvard University. (ERIC document reproduction service No. ED 0234315).

Pescosolido (2002) Pescosolido, A. (2002). Emergent leaders as managers of group emotion. The Leadership Quarterly, 13, 583–599.

Peterson & Barron (2007) Peterson, E. , & Barron, K. (2007). How to get focus groups talking: New ideas that will stick. Intentional Journal of Qualitative Methods, 6(3), 140–144.

Peterson (1998) Peterson, M. (1998). Embedded organizational events: The units of process in organization science. Organization Science, 9(1), 16–33.

Petrecca, DiBlasio, & Dorell (2012) Petrecca, L. , DiBlasio, N. , & Dorell, O. (2012). Many use 9/11 anniversary to look forward. USA Today, September 12. Retrieved from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/story/2012/09/11/many-use-911-anniversary-to-look-forward/57742560/1

Pettigrew & Whipp (1991) Pettigrew, A. , & Whipp, R. (1991). Managing change for competitive success. Oxford: Blackwell.

Phillips (1997) Phillips, D. (1997). Telling the truth about stories. Teaching and Teacher Education, 13(1), 101–109.

Piantanida, McMahon, & Garman (2003) Piantanida, M. , McMahon, P. , & Garman, N. (2003). Sculpting the contours of arts-based educational research within a discourse community. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(2), 182–191.

Pillai & Williams (1998) Pillai, R. , & Williams, E. (1998). Does leadership matter in the political arena? Voter perceptions of candidates’ transformational and charismatic leadership and the 1996 U.S. presidential vote. Leadership Quarterly, 9, 397–416.

Pillai, Williams, Lowe, & Jung (2003) Pillai, R. , Williams, E. , Lowe, K. , & Jung, D. (2003). Personality, transformational leadership, trust, and the 2000 U.S. presidential vote. Leadership Quarterly, 14(2), 161–192.

Pink (2004) Pink, D. (2004). Breakthrough ideas for 2004. Harvard Business Review, 84(February), 21–22.

Pink (2001) Pink, S. (2001). Doing visual ethnography: Images, media, and representation in research. London: Sage.

Piper & Simons (2005) Piper, H. , & Simons, H. (2005). Ethical responsibility in social research. In B. Somekh & C. Lewin (Eds.), Research methods in the social sciences (pp. 56–64). London: Sage.

Plummer (1996) Plummer, K. (1996). Symbolic interactionism in the twentieth century: The rise of empirical social theory. In B. Turner (Ed.), The Blackwell companion to social theory. Oxford: Blackwell.

Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Moorman, & Fetter (1990) Podsakoff, P. M. , MacKenzie, S. B. , Moorman, R. H. , & Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers’ trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership Quarterly, 1, 107–142.

Poland & Pederson (1998) Poland, B. , & Pederson, A. (1998). Reading between the lines: Interpreting silence in qualitative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 4(2), 293–313.

Polkinghorne (1983) Polkinghorne, D. (1983). Methodology for the human sciences. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

Polkinghorne (1988) Polkinghorne, D. (1988). Narrative knowing and the human sciences. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

Polkinghorne (1995) Polkinghorne, D. (1995). Narrative configuration in qualitative analysis. In J. Hatch & R. Wisniewski (Eds.), Life history and narrative (pp. 5–23). Bristol, PA: Palmer.

Poole & Folger (1981) Poole, M. , & Folger, J. (1981). Modes of observation and validation of interaction analysis schemes. Small Group Behavior, 12, 477–493.

Popay (2003) Popay, J. (2003). Qualitative research and epistemological imagination: A vital relationship. Gaceta Sanitaria, 17(3), 58–63.

Popper (1959) Popper, K. (1959). The logic of scientific discovery. New York, NY: Basic Books.

Porter, Allen, & Angle (1981) Porter, L. , Allen, R. , & Angle, H. (1981). The politics of upward influence. In L. Cummings & B. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 3, pp. 109–149). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

Porter & McLaughlin (2006) Porter, L. , & McLaughlin, G. (2006). Leadership and the organizational context: Like the weather? The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 559–576.

Potter & Levine-Donnerstein (1999) Potter, W. , & Levine-Donnerstein, D. (1999). Rethinking validity and reliability in content analysis. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 27, 258–284.

Potts (2005) Potts, D. (2005). Case study methodology: An application of theory to the investigation of multidisciplinary poets. Unpublished manuscript, University of Columbia.

Prasad & Prasad (2003) Prasad, A. , & Prasad, P. (2003). The coming of age of interpretive organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 5(1), 4–11.

Pratt (2000) Pratt, M. (2000). The good, the bad, and the ambivalent: Managing identification among Amway distributors. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45, 456–493.

Pratt (2008) Pratt, M. G. (2008). Fitting oval pegs into round holes: Tensions in evaluating and publishing qualitative research in top North American journals. Organizational Research Methods, 11, 481–509.

ProGAMMA (2002) ProGAMMA . (2002). AGREE [Computer software]. Retrieved from http://www.gamma.rug.nl/

Prosser (1998a) Prosser, J. (1998a). Image-based research: A sourcebook for qualitative researchers. London: Routledge/Falmer.

Prosser (1998b) Prosser, J. (1998b). The status of image-based research. In J. Prosser (Ed.), Image-based research: A sourcebook for qualitative researchers (pp. 97–112). London: Routledge/Falmer.

Prosser (2005) Prosser, J. (Ed.). (2005). Image-based research: A sourcebook for qualitative researcher. New York, NY: Routledge.

Punch (1989) Punch, M. (1989). Researching police deviance: A personal encounter with the limitations and liabilities of field-work. British Journal of Sociology, 40, 177–204.

Punch (1994) Punch, M. (1994). Politics and ethics in qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Punch (1998) Punch, M. (1998). Introduction to social research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Purvanova & Bono (2009) Purvanova, R. K. , & Bono, J. E. (2009). Transformational leadership in context: Face to face and virtual teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(3), 343–357.

Qualitative Research Network, University of Utah (2009) Qualitative Research Network, University of Utah . (2009). What is qualitative research? Retrieved from http://nursing.utah.edu/quality-research-.phpnetwork

Rabinowitz & Weseen (1997) Rabinowitz, V. , & Weseen, S. (1997). Elu(ci)d(at)ing epistemological impasses: Reviewing the qualitative/quantitative debates in psychology. Journal of Social Issues, 53(4), 605–631.

Rabionet (2011) Rabionet, S. (2011). How I learned to design and conduct semi-structured interview: An ongoing and continuous journey. The Qualitative Report, 16(2), 563–566.

Raelin (2014) Raelin, J. A. (2014, November 25). Imagine there are no leaders: Reframing leadership as collaborative agency. In Leadership. Published online before print. doi:10.1177/1742715014558076

Ragin (2000) Ragin, C. (2000). Fuzzy-set social science. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Ralston (2013) Ralston, S. (Ed.). (2013). Philosophical pragmatism and international relations: Essays for a bold new world. New York, NY: Lexington.

Ransome (1968) Ransome, A. (1968). The fool of the world and the flying ship. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus & Grioux.

Rao, Hashimoto, & Rao (1997) Rao, A. , Hashimoto, K. , & Rao, A. (1997). Universal and cultural specific aspects of managerial influence: A study of Japanese managers. Leadership Quarterly, 8(3), 295–312.

Rapley (2001) Rapley, T. (2001). The art(fullness) of open-ended interviewing: Some considerations on analyzing interviews. Qualitative Research, 1(3), 303–323.

Raskin & Terry (1988) Raskin, R. , & Terry, H. (1988). A principal-components analysis of the narcissistic personality inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 890–902.

Redwood & Todres (2006) Redwood, S. , & Todres, L. (2006). Exploring ethical imagination: Conversation as practice versus committee as gatekeeper. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 7(2), Article 34.

Reed (2007) Reed, J. (2007). Appreciative inquiry: Research for change. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Reese (1996) Reese, W. (1996). Dictionary of philosophy and religion. Amherst, NY: Humanities Books.

Regine & Lewin (2000) Regine, B. , & Lewin, R. (2000). Leading at the edge: How leaders influence complex systems. Emergence, 2(2), 5–23.

Reich (2015) Reich, J. (2015). Old methods and new technologies: Social media and shifts in power in qualitative research. Ethnography, 16(4), 394–415.

Reichard (2005) Reichard, B. (2005). Toward a grounded theory of female leadership development. Unpublished Manuscript. University of Nebraska, Lincoln.

Richards (2006) Richards, J. (2006). Post-modern image research: An innovative data collection method for illuminating preservive teachers’ developing perceptions of field-based courses. The Qualitative Report, 11(1), 37–54.

Richardson (2000) Richardson, L. (2000). Evaluating ethnography. Qualitative Inquiry, 6(2), 253–256.

Riffe, Lacy, & Fico (1998) Riffe, D. , Lacy, S. , & Fico, F. (1998). Analyzing media messages: Using quantitative content analysis in research. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Riggio, Chaleff, & Lipman-Blumen (2008) Riggio, R. E. , Chaleff, I. , & Lipman-Blumen, J. (Eds.). (2008). The art of followership: How great followers create great leaders and organizations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Ringgold (1991) Ringgold, F. (1991). Tar beach. New York, NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., Random House.

Ritchie & Lewis (2003) Ritchie, J. , & Lewis, J. (2003). Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science researchers. London: Sage.

Roberts (2002) Roberts, A. (2002). A principled complementarity of method: In defense of methodological eclecticism of the qualitative-quantitative debate. The Qualitative Report, 7(3), 1–12. Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR7-3/roberts.html. Accessed on October 10, 2006.

Roberts Powers (2005) Roberts Powers, W. (2005). Transcription techniques for the spoken word. London: AltaMira.

Rorty (1989) Rorty, R. (1989). Contingency, irony, and solidarity. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Rose (2007) Rose, G. (2007). Visual methodologies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Rosengren (1981) Rosengren, K. (1981). Advances in Scandinavia in content analysis: An introduction. In K. Rosengren (Ed.), Advances in content analysis (pp. 9–19). Beverly Hills, CA: Sageti.

Rosner (1990) Rosner, J. (1990). Ways women lead. Harvard Business Review, November–December, pp. 119–125.

Roulston (2011) Roulston, K. (2011). Working through challenges in doing interview research. International Journal of Qualitative Research Methods, 10(4), 348–366.

Rourke & Anderson (2004) Rourke, L. , & Anderson, T. (2004). Validity in quantitative content analysis. Educational Technology Research and Development, 52(1), 5–15.

Rowland & Parry (2009) Rowland, P. , & Parry, K. (2009). A grounded theory of meso-level influence of organizational design on leadership and decision-making. The Leadership Quarterly, 20, 535–553.

Rubin & Rubin (1995) Rubin, H. , & Rubin, I. (1995). Qualitative interviewing – The art of hearing data (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Rubin & Rubin (2012) Rubin, H. , & Rubin, I. (2012). Qualitative interviewing – The art of hearing data (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Ruderman, Ohlott, Panzer, & King (2002) Ruderman, M. , Ohlott, P. , Panzer, K. , & King, S. (2002). Benefits of multiple roles for women. Academy of Management Journal, 45(2), 369–386.

Rumrill & Fitzgerald (2001) Rumrill, P. , & Fitzgerald, S. (2001). Using narrative reviews to build a scientific knowledge base. Work, 16, 165–170.

Sackett & Larson (1990) Sackett, P. , & Larson, J. (1990). Research strategies and tactics in industrial and organizational psychology. In M. Dunnette & L. Hough (Eds.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 419–489). Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press.

Sadala & Adorno (2001) Sadala, M. , & Adorno, R. (2001). Phenomenology as a method to investigate the experiences lived: A perspective from Husserl and Merlau Ponty’s thought. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 37(3), 282–293.

Sadoski & Paivio (2001) Sadoski, M. , & Paivio, A. (2001). Imagery and text: A dual coding theory of reading and writing. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Sagie, Zaidman, Amichai-Hamburger, Te’Eni, & Schwartz (2002) Sagie, A. , Zaidman, N. , Amichai-Hamburger, Y. , Te’Eni, D. , & Schwartz, D. (2002). An empirical assessment of the loose-tight leadership model: Quantitative and qualitative analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 203–320.

Salahuddin (2010) Salahuddin, M. M. (2010). Generational differences: Impact on leadership style and organizational success. Journal of Diversity Management, 5(2), 1–6.

Saldaña (2003) Saldaña, J. (2003). Dramatizing data. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(2), 218–232.

Saldaña (2009) Saldaña, J. (2009). The coding manual for qualitative researchers. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Salner (1989) Salner, M. (1989). Validity in human science research. In S. Kvale (Ed.), Issues of validity in qualitative research (pp. 47–72). Lund: Studentliteratur.

Sandberg (2005) Sandberg, J. (2005). How do we justify knowledge produced within interpretive approaches? Organizational Research Methods, 8(1), 41–68.

Sandelowski (1993) Sandelowski, M. (1993). Rigor or rigor mortis: The problem of rigor in qualitative research revisited. Advances in Nursing Science, 16(2), 1–8.

Sandelowski (2000) Sandelowski, M. (2000). Focus on research methods: Whatever happened to qualitative description? Research in Nursing and Health, 23, 246–255.

Sandelowski & Barroso (2002) Sandelowski, M. , & Barroso, J. (2002). Reading qualitative studies. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 1(1), Article 5. Retrieved from http://www.ualberta.ca/~ijqm. Accessed on October 25, 2006.

Santos, Caetano, & Tavares (in press) Santos, J. P. , Caetano, A. , & Tavares, S. M. (in press). Is training leaders in functional leadership a useful tool for improving the performance of leadership functions and team effectiveness? The Leadership Quarterly. [Available online April 6, 2015].

Savage-Austin & Honeycutt (2011) Savage-Austin, A. , & Honeycutt, A. (2011). Servant leadership: A phenomenological study of practices, experiences, organizational effectiveness, and barriers. Journal of Business Research, 9(1), 49–54.

Sayer (2000) Sayer, A. (2000). Realism and social science. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Sayles & Stewart (1995) Sayles, L. , & Stewart, A. (1995). Belated recognition for work-flow entrepreneurs: A case for selective perception and amnesia in management thought. Entrepreneurship, Theory and Practice, 19(3), 7–24.

Scapens (2004) Scapens, R. (2004). Vignette: The many skills of the qualitative case research. In R. Marshan-Piekkari & C. Welch (Eds.), Handbook for qualitative research methods for international business (pp. 107–108). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Scharmer (2007a) Scharmer, O. (2007a). Theory U: Leading from the future as it emerges. Cambridge, MA: The Society for Organizational Learning, Inc.

Scharmer (2007b) Scharmer, O. (2007b). Addressing the blind spot of our time: An executive summary of the new book by Otto Scharmer: Theory U: Leading from the future as it emerges, pp. 1–18. Retrieved from www.theoryU.com

Scharmer & Kaufer (2013) Scharmer, O. , & Kaufer, K. (2013). Leading from the emerging future: From ego-systems to eco-system economies. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.

Scheurich (1996) Scheurich, J. (1996). The masks of validity: A deconstructive investigation. Qualitative Studies in Education, 9(1), 49–60.

Schneider & Somers (2006) Schneider, M. , & Somers, M. (2006). Organizations as complex adaptive systems: Implications of complexity theory for leadership research. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(4), 351–365.

Scholz & Tietje (2013) Scholz, R. , & Tietje, O. (2013). Embedded case study methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Schommer (1990) Schommer, M. (1990). The effects of belief about the nature of knowledge on comprehension. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 498–504.

Schwandt (1994) Schwandt, T. (1994). Constructivist, interpretivist approaches to human inquiry. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 118–137). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Schwandt (2000) Schwandt, T. (2000). Constructivist, interpretivist approaches to human inquiry. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 286–305). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Schwandt (2001) Schwandt, T. (2001). Dictionary of qualitative inquiry (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Schwartz (2013) Schwartz, M. (2013). Emotional intelligence in hypercrisis: A content analysis of the Word Trade Center response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Unpublished masters thesis, Wright State University.

Sclater (2003) Sclater, D. (2003). The arts and narrative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(4), 621–625.

Scott (1955) Scott, W. (1955). Reliability of content analysis: The case of nominal scale coding. Public Opinion Quarterly, 19, 321–325.

Scott (2001) Scott, W. (2001). Institutions and organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Scott-Hoy (2003) Scott-Hoy, K. (2003). Form carries experience: A story of the art and form of knowledge. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(2), 268–280.

Seale (1999) Seale, C. (1999). Quality in qualitative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 5(4), 465–478.

Seale (2003) Seale, C. (2003). Quality in qualitative research. In Y. Lincoln & N. Denzin (Eds.), Turning points in qualitative research: Tying the knots in a handkerchief. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.

Sechrest (1992) Sechrest, L. (1992). Roots: Back to our first generations. Evaluation Practice, 13, 1–8.

Seidel & Kelle (1995) Seidel, J. , & Kelle, U. (1995). Different functions of coding in the analysis of textual data. In U. Kelle (Ed.), Computer-aided qualitative data analysis: Theory, methods, and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Seidman (1991) Seidman, I. (1991). Interviewing as qualitative research – A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences. New York, NY: Teacher’s College.

Seifter (2004) Seifter, H. (2004). Artists help empower corporate America. Arts and Business Quarterly Newsletter, Spring. Retrieved from http:/www.artusa/private_sector_affairs/arts_and_business_council/about_us/newsletter/2004/spring.%20asp. Accessed on June 6, 2007.

Seligman (1999) Seligman, M. (1999). The President’s address. American Psychologist, 54, 559–562.

Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi (2000) Seligman, M. , & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (Eds.). (2000). Positive psychology. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14.

Seligman (1998) Seligman, M. E. P. (1998). Learned optimism. New York, NY: Pocket Books.

Seligman & Gillham (2000) Seligman, M. E. P. , & Gillham, J. (2000). The science of optimism and hope. Philadelphia, PA: Templeton Foundation Press.

Sells, Smith, & Sprenkle (1985) Sells, S. , Smith, T. , & Sprenkle, D. (1985). Integrating qualitative and quantitative methods: A research model. Family Process, 34(2), 199–218.

Selsky & Smith (1994) Selsky, J. , & Smith, A. (1994). Community entrepreneurship: A framework for social change leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 5(3), 277–296.

Senge (1990) Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization. New York, NY: Doubleday/Currency.

Senge (1994) Senge, P. (1994). Fifth discipline fieldbook: Strategies and tools for building the learning organization. New York, NY: Doubleday/Currency.

Serban et al. (2015) Serban, A. , Yammarino, F. J. , Dionne, S. D. , Kahai, S. S. , Hao, C. , McHugh, K. A. , …  Peterson, D. R. (2015). Leadership emergence in face-to-face and virtual teams: A multi-level model with agent-based simulations, quasi-experimental and experimental tests. The Leadership Quarterly, 26(3), 402–418.

Seymour (2001) Seymour, W. (2001). In the flesh or online? Exploring qualitative research methodologies. Qualitative Research, 1(2), 147–168.

Shamir (2007) Shamir, B. (2007). From passive recipients to active co-producers: Followers’ roles in the leadership process. In B. Shamir , R. Pillai , M. Bligh , & M. Uhl-Bien (Eds.), Follower-centered perspectives on leadership: A tribute to the memory of James R. Meindl (pp. ix–xxxix). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishers.

Shamir (2012) Shamir, B. (2012). Leadership research or post-leadership research: Advancing leadership theory versus throwing out the baby with the bath water. In M. Uhl-Bien & S. Ospina (Eds.), Advancing relational leadership research: A dialogue among perspectives (pp. 477–500). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishers.

Shamir, Arthur, & House (1994) Shamir, B. , Arthur, M. , & House, R. (1994). The rhetoric of charismatic leadership: A theoretical extension, a case study, and implications for research. Leadership Quarterly, 5(1), 25–42.

Shamir, Dayan-Horesh, & Adler (2005) Shamir, B. , Dayan-Horesh, H. , & Adler, D. (2005). Leading by biography: Towards a life-story approach to the study of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 1(1), 13–29.

Shamir & Eilam (2005) Shamir, B. , & Eilam, G. (2005). What’s your story?: A life-stories approach to authentic leadership development. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 395–417.

Shaw (2003) Shaw, I. (2003). Ethics in qualitative research and evaluation. Journal of Social Work, 3(1), 9–29.

Shaw, Erickson, & Harvey (2011) Shaw, J. , Erickson, A. , & Harvey, M. (2011). A method for measuring destructive leadership and identifying types of destructive leaders in organizations. Leadership Quarterly, 22(4), 575–590.

Shenton (2004) Shenton, A. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for Information, 22, 63–75.

Sherman & Strang (2004) Sherman, L. , & Strang, H. (2004). Experimental ethnography: The marriage of qualitative and quantitative research. Annals of the Academy of Social and Political Science, 595, 204–222.

Shin (1998/1999) Shin, Y. (1998/1999). The traits and leadership styles of CEOs in Korean companies. International Studies of Management & Organizations, 4, 40–48.

Shorey & Snyder (2004) Shorey, H. S. , & Snyder, C. R. (2004). Hope as a common process in effective leadership. Paper presented at the UNL Gallup Leadership Summer Institute, June 10–12.

Sieber (1973) Sieber, S. (1973). The integration of fieldwork and survey methods. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1335–1359.

Silverman (2001) Silverman, D. (2001). Interpreting qualitative data: Methods for analyzing talk, text, and interaction. London: Sage.

Silverman (2011) Silverman, D. (2011). Qualitative research: Theory, method, and practice. London: Sage.

Simco & Warin (1997) Simco, N. , & Warin, J. (1997). Validity in image-based research: An elaborated illustration of the issues. British Educational Research Journal, 23(5), 661–673.

Simonton (1984) Simonton, D. (1984). Genius, creativity, and leadership. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Simonton (1988) Simonton, D. (1988). Presidential style: Personality, biography, and performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 928–936.

Simonton (1986) Simonton, D. K. (1986). Presidential personality: Biographical use of the Gough adjective check list. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 149–160.

Simonton & Baumeister (2005) Simonton, D. K. , & Baumeister, R. F. (2005). Positive psychology at the summit. Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 99–102.

Simpson (2007) Simpson, P. (2007). Organizing in the mist: A case study of leadership and complexity. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 28(5), 465–482.

Sims (2003) Sims, D. (2003). Between millstones: A narrative account of the vulnerability of middle managers’ storying. Human Relations, 56, 1195–1205.

Sims & Manz (1984) Sims, H. , & Manz, C. (1984). Observing leader behavior: Toward reciprocal determinism in leadership theory. Journal of Applied Psychology, 64, 222–232.

Sims & Van Loon (2009) Sims, S. , & Van Loon, B. (2009). Introduction to critical theory: A graphic guide. London: Icon Books.

Singletary (1993) Singletary, M. (1993). Mass communication research: Contemporary methods and applications. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Sivasubramaniam, Murry, Avolio, & Jung (2002) Sivasubramaniam, N. , Murry, W. D. , Avolio, B. J. , & Jung, D. I. (2002). A longitudinal model of the effects of team leadership and group potency on group performance. Group & Organization Management, 27(1), 66–96.

Skymeg Software (2002) Skymeg Software . (2002). Program for reliability assessments with multiple coders (PRAM) [Computer Software]. Retrieved from http://www.geocities.com/skymegsoftware/pram.html

Slattery (2003) Slattery, P. (2003). Troubling the contours of arts-based educational research. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(3), 192–197.

Smethurst (2002) Smethurst, S. (2002). Thanks for asking. People Management, 8(23), 44.

Smit (2014) Smit, B. (2014). An ethnographic narrative of relational leadership. Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology, 5(2), 117–123.

Smith (1991) Smith, D. (1991). Hermeneutic inquiry: The hermeneutic imagination and the pedagogic text. In E. Short (Ed.), Forms of curriculum inquiry (Vol. 3, pp. 231–237). New York, NY: State University of New York Press.

Smith & Hebius (1986) Smith, J. , & Hebius, L. (1986). Closing down the conversation: The end of the quantitative-qualitative debate amongst educational inquires. Educational Researcher, 15(1), 4–12.

Snyder & Lopez (2002) Snyder, C. R. & Lopez, S. J. (Eds.). (2002). The handbook of positive psychology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Sousa & Hendriks (2006) Sousa, C. , & Hendriks, P. (2006). The diving bell and the butterfly: The need for grounded theory in developing a knowledge-based view of organizations. Organizational Research Methods, 9(3), 315–338.

Sparkes (2001) Sparkes, A. (2001). Myth 94: Qualitative health researchers will agree about validity. Qualitative Health Research, 11(4), 538–552.

Sparkes (2002) Sparkes, A. C. (2002). Autoethnography, self-indulgence or something more? In A. Bochner & C. Ellis (Eds.), Ethnographically speaking: Autoethnography, literature and aesthetics (pp. 209–232). New York, NY: Alta Mira Press.

Spicer & Chamberlain (1996) Spicer, J. , & Chamberlain, K. (1996). Developing psychosocial theory in health psychology. Problems and prospects. Journal of Health Psychology, 1, 161–171.

Spreitzer (1995) Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442–1485.

Spreitzer (1996) Spreitzer, G. M. (1996). Social structural characteristics of psychological empowerment. Academy of Management Journal, 39(2), 483–504.

Spreitzer, De Janasz, & Quinn (1999) Spreitzer, G. M. , De Janasz, S. C. , & Quinn, R. E. (1999). Empowered to lead: The role of psychological empowerment in leadership. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(4), 511–526.

Stacey (2003) Stacey, R. (2003). Strategic management and organizational dynamics. London: Prentice Hall.

Stake (1995) Stake, R. (1995). The art of case study research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Stake (2005) Stake, R. (2005). Qualitative case studies. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed., pp. 443–466). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Stake (2006) Stake, R. (2006). Multiple case study analysis. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Stanford, Oates, & Flores (1995) Stanford, J. , Oates, B. , & Flores, D. (1995). Women’s leadership styles: A heuristic analysis. Women in Management Review, 10(2), 9–16.

Stavros & Torres (2005) Stavros, J. , & Torres, T. (2005). Dynamic relationships: Unlashing the power of appreciative inquiry in daily living. Taos, NM: Taos Institute.

Steiner (2002) Steiner, C. (2002). The technicity paradigm and scientism in qualitative research. The qualitative report. Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR7-2/steiner.html

Stenbacka (2001) Stenbacka, C. (2001). Qualitative research requires qualitative concepts of its own. Management Decision, 39(7), 551–555.

Stentz, Plano Clark, & Matkin (2012) Stentz, J. , Plano Clark, V. , & Matkin, S. (2012). Applying mixed methods to leadership research: A review of current practices. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(6), 1173–1183.

Stewart & Williams (2005) Stewart, K. , & Williams, M. (2005). Researching online populations. Qualitative Research, 5(4), 395–416. doi:10.1177/1468794105056916

Stewart (1999) Stewart, R. (1999). Theorizing praxis: Processes for visual research. Unpublished manuscript. The University of Southern Queensland, Australia.

Stigi, Malterud, & Midtgarden (2009) Stigi, B. , Malterud, K. , & Midtgarden, T. (2009). Toward an agenda for evaluation of qualitative research. Qualitative Health Research, 19(10), 1504–1516.

Stogdill (1974) Stogdill, R. (1974). Handbook of leadership: A survey of the literature. New York, NY: The Free Press.

Stogdill & Coons (1957) Stogdill, R. , & Coons, A. (1957). Leader behavior: Its description and measurement. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University, Bureau of Business Research.

Strange & Mumford (2002) Strange, J. , & Mumford, M. (2002). The origins of vision: Charismatic versus ideological leaders. The Leadership Quarterly, 13, 343–377.

Strati (1992) Strati, A. (1992). Aesthetic understanding of organizational life. Academy of Management Review, 17(3), 568–591.

Strati (1996) Strati, A. (1996). Organizations viewed through the lens of aesthetics. Organizations, 3(2), 209–218.

Strati (1999) Strati, A. (1999). Organizations and aesthetics. London: Sage.

Strauss (1987) Strauss, A. (1987). Qualitative analysis for social scientists. Boston, MA: Cambridge University Press.

Strauss & Corbin (1990) Strauss, A. , & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (1st ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Strauss & Corbin (1998) Strauss, A. , & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). London: Sage.

Strauss & Corbin (2008) Strauss, A. , & Corbin, J. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.). London: Sage.

Sturges & Hanrahan (2004) Sturges, J. , & Hanrahan, K. (2004). Comparing telephone and face-to-face qualitative interviewing: A research note. Qualitative Research, 4(1), 107–108.

Sultana, Rashid, Mohiuddin, & Mazumber (2013) Sultana, M. , Rashid, M. , Mohiuddin, M. , & Mazumber, M. (2013). Cross-cultural management and organizational performance: A content analysis perspective. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(8), 133–146.

Sun, Zhang, Qi, & Chen (2012) Sun, L. Y. , Zhang, Z. , Qi, J. , & Chen, Z. X. (2012). Empowerment and creativity: A cross-sectional investigation. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(1), 55–65.

Sveningsson & Alvesson (2003) Sveningsson, S. , & Alvesson, M. (2003). Managing managerial identities: Organizational fragmentation, discourse and identity struggle. Human Relations, 56(10), 1163–1193.

Swanborn (2010) Swanborn, P. (2010). Case study research: What, why and how? London: Sage.

Tan & Wee (2002) Tan, H. , & Wee, G. (2002). The role of rhetoric content in charismatic leadership: A content analysis of Singaporean leaders’ speeches. International Journal of Organization, 5(3–4), 317–356.

Tandon, Azelton, & Kelly (1998) Tandon, D. , Azelton, S. , & Kelly, J. (1998). Constructing a tree for community leaders: Contexts and processes in collaborative inquiry. American Journal of Community Psychology, 26(4), 669–696.

Tashakkori & Teddlie (2003) Tashakkori, A. , & Teddlie, C. (2003). Mixed methodology: Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Taylor, Cocklin, Brown, & Wilson-Evered (2011) Taylor, A. , Cocklin, C. , Brown, R. , & Wilson-Evered, E. (2011). An investigation of champion-driven leadership processes. The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 412–433.

Taylor & Bogdan (1984) Taylor, S. , & Bogdan, R. (1984). Introduction to qualitative research methods. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.

Teddlie & Tashakkori (2003) Teddlie, C. , & Tashakkori, A. (2003). Major issues and controversies in the use of mixed methods in the social and behavioral sciences. In A. Tashakkori & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral science research (pp. 3–50). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Teddlie & Tashakkori (2009) Teddlie, C. , & Tashakkori, A. (2009). Foundations of mixed method research: Integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches in the social and behavioral sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Teddlie, Tashakkori, & Johnson (2008) Teddlie, C. , Tashakkori, A. , & Johnson, B. (2008). Emergent techniques in the gathering and analysis of mixed method data. In N. Hesse-Biber & P. Leavy (Eds.), Handbook of emergent methods (pp. 415–436). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Tee, Paulsen, & Ashkanasy (2013) Tee, E. Y. J. , Paulsen, N. , & Ashkanasy, N. M. (2013). Revisiting followership through a social identity perspective: The role of collective follower emotion and action. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(6), 902–918.

Tellis (1997) Tellis, W. (1997). Introduction to case study. The Qualitative Report, 3(2). Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR3-2/tellis1.html. Accessed on November 10.

ten Have (2004) ten Have, P. (2004). Understanding qualitative research and ethnomethodology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Terkel (1972) Terkel, R. (1972). Working. New York, NY: The New York Press.

Tesch (1990) Tesch, R. (1990). Qualitative research: Analysis types and software tools. Bristol, PA: Falmer.

Theus (1995) Theus, K. (1995). Communications in a power vacuum: Sense-making and enactment during crisis-induced departures. Human Resource Management, 34, 27–49.

Thomas & Velthouse (1990) Thomas, K. W. , & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An “interpretive” model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666–680.

Thompson (2002) Thompson, R. (2002). Reporting the results of computer-assisted analysis of qualitative research data. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 3(2), Article 25.

Thorne (2008) Thorne, S. (2008). Interpretive description. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.

Thoroughgood, Padilla, Hunter, & Tate (2012) Thoroughgood, C. N. , Padilla, A. , Hunter, S. T. , & Tate, B. W. (2012). The susceptible circle: A taxonomy of followers associated with destructive leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(5), 897–917.

Tierney (1987) Tierney, W. (1987). The semiotic aspects of leadership: An ethnographic study. American Journal of Semiotics, 5(2), 233–250.

Tilley (2003) Tilley, S. (2003). “Challenging” research practices: Turning a critical lens on the work of transcription. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(5), 750–773.

Titscher, Meyer, Wodak, & Vetter (2000) Titscher, S. , Meyer, M. , Wodak, R. , & Vetter, E. (2000). Methods of text and discourse analysis (B. Jenner, Trans.). London: Sage.

Tonn (2003) Tonn, J. (2003). Mary P. Follett: Creating democracy, transforming management. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Travers (2001) Travers, M. (2001). Qualitative research through case studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Trikett (1984) Trikett, E. (1984). Toward a distinctive community psychology: An ecological metaphor for the conduct of community research and the nature of training. American Journal of Community Psychology, 12, 261–279.

Tsui, Zhang, Wang, Xin, & Wu (2006) Tsui, A. , Zhang, Z. , Wang, H. , Xin, K. , & Wu, J. (2006). Unpacking the relationship between CEO leadership behavior and organizational culture. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(2), 113–137.

Tung (2006) Tung, R. (2006). Of arts, leadership, management education, and management research: A commentary on Nancy Adler’s “The arts and leadership: Now that we can do anything, what will we do?” Academy of Management learning and Education, 5(4), 505–511.

Turnbull (2006) Turnbull, S. (2006). Post-millennial leadership refrains: Artists, performers and anti-heroes. Leadership, 2(2), 257–269.

Turney & Pocknee (2005) Turney, L. , & Pocknee, C. (2005). Virtual focus groups: New frontiers in research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 4(2), Article 3. Retrieved from http://www.ulaberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/4_2/html/turney.com. Accessed on January 12, 2007.

Uhl-Bien (2006) Uhl-Bien, M. (2006). Relational leadership: Exploring the social processes of leading and organizing. The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 654–676.

Uhl-Bien, Graen, & Scandura. (2000) Uhl-Bien, M. , Graen, G. B. , & Scandura., T. A. (2000). Implications of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) for strategic human resource management systems: Relationships as social capital for competitive advantage. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 18, 137–186.

Uhl-Bien, Marion, & McKelvey (2007) Uhl-Bien, M. , Marion, R. , & McKelvey, B. (2007). Complexity leadership theory: Shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(4), 298–318.

Uhl-Bien & Ospina (2012) Uhl-Bien, M. , & Ospina, S. (2012). Advancing relational leadership. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.

Uhl-Bien, Riggio, Lowe, & Carsten (2014) Uhl-Bien, M. , Riggio, R. , Lowe, K. , & Carsten, M. K. (2014). Followership theory: A review and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(1), 83–104.

United Nations Global Compact Leaders Summit (2004) United Nations Global Compact Leaders Summit . (2004). Retrieved from www.unglobalcompact.org.2004. Accessed on May 6, 2015.

Urwick (1935) Urwick, L. (1935). The problem of organization: A study of the work of Mary Parker Follett. Bulletin of the Taylor Society and of the Society of Industrial Engineers as Members of Federated Management Societies, 1, 163–169.

Vagle (2014) Vagle, M. (2014). Crafting phenomenological research. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.

Vainio (2013) Vainio, A. (2013). Beyond research ethics: anonymity as ‘ontology’, ‘analysis’ and ‘independence’. Qualitative Research, 13(6), 685–698.

Välikangas & Okurama (1997) Välikangas, L. , & Okurama, A. (1997). Why do people follow leaders? A study of a U.S. and Japanese change program. The Leadership Quarterly, 83, 313–337.

van der Haar & Hosking (2004) van der Haar, D. , & Hosking, D. (2004). Evaluating appreciative inquiry: A relational constructionist perspective. Human Relations, 57(8), 1017–1037.

Van Leeuwen & Jewitt (2001) Van Leeuwen, T. & Jewitt, C. (Eds.). (2001). Handbook of visual analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Van Maanen (1979a) Van Maanen, J. (1979a). Reclaiming qualitative methods for organizational research: A preface. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 520–526.

Van Maanen (1979b) Van Maanen, J. (1979b). The fact of fiction in organizational ethnography. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 539–550.

Van Maanen (1988a) Van Maanen, J. (1988a). Tales of the field: On writing ethnography. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Van Maanen (1988b) Van Maanen, J. (1988b). Different strokes: Qualitative research in the administrative science quarterly from 1956–1996. In J. Van Maanen (Ed.), Qualitative studies of organizations (pp. ix–xxxii). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Van Maanen (1990) Van Maanen, M. (1990). Researching the lived experience. New York, NY: SUNY.

Van Manen (2014) Van Manen, M. (2014). Phenomenology of practice. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.

van Vuuren & Crous (2005) van Vuuren, L. , & Crous, F. (2005). Utilizing Appreciative Inquiry (AI) in creating a shared meaning of ethics in organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 57, 399–412.

VanWynsberghe & Khan (2007) VanWynsberghe, R. , & Khan, S. (2007). Redefining case study. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 6(2), 1–10.

Vecchio, Justin, & Pearce (2010) Vecchio, R. P. , Justin, J. E. , & Pearce, C. L. (2010). Empowering leadership: An examination of mediating mechanisms within a hierarchical structure. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(3), 530–542.

Voelck (2003) Voelck, J. (2003). Directive and connective: Gender-based differences in the management style of academic library managers. Portal, Libraries, and the Academy, 3, 393–418.

Waldman et al. (1998) Waldman, D. , Lituchy, T. , Gopalakrishnan, M. , Laframboise, K. , Galperin, B. , & Kaltsounakis, Z. (1998). A qualitative analysis of leadership and quality improvement. Leadership Quarterly, 9(2), 177–201.

Wall (2015) Wall, S. (2015). Focused ethnography: A methodological adaptation for social research in emerging contexts. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 16(1), Article 1.

Wallace (2013) Wallace, J. R. (2013). Moral leadership: The case of John Perkins. Paper presented at the 2013 Virtual Conference on Moral Leadership, Virginia Beach. Retrieved from http://www.regent.edu/acad/global/conferences/virtual/2013/day6.cfm

Walsham (1993) Walsham, G. (1993). Interpreting information systems in organizations. Chichester: Wiley.

Walsham (1995a) Walsham, G. (1995a). The emergence of interpretivism in IS research. Information Systems Research, 6(4), 376–394.

Walsham (1995b) Walsham, G. (1995b). Interpretive case studies in IS research: Nature and method. European Journal of Information Systems, 4(2), 75–81.

Walumbwa, Avolio, Garrner, Wernsing, & Peterson (2008) Walumbwa, F. , Avolio, B. , Garrner, W. , Wernsing, T. , & Peterson, S. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89.

Wang, Waldman, & Zhang (2014) Wang, D. , Waldman, D. A. , & Zhang, Z. (2014). A meta-analysis of shared leadership and team effectiveness. Journal Applied Psychology, 99(2), 181–198.

Warren & Karner (2005) Warren, C. , & Karner, T. (2005). Discovering qualitative methods: Field research, interviews, and analysis. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.

Wasserman (2000) Wasserman, E. (2000). The door in the dream: Conversations with eminent women in science. Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press.

Watrin (1999) Watrin, R. (1999). Art as research. Canadian Review of Art Education, 26(2), 92–100.

Weber (2013) Weber, E. (2013). Democracy and leadership: On pragmatism and virtue. New York, NY: Lexington Books.

Weber (1947) Weber, M. (1947). The theory of social and economic organization. New York, NY: The Free Press.

Weber (1964) Weber, M. (1964). The theory of social and economic organization. New York, NY: Free Press.

Weber (2004) Weber, R. (2004). The rhetoric of positivism versus interpretivism: A personal view. MIS Quarterly, 28(1), iii–xii.

Weed (1993) Weed, F. (1993). The MADD queen: Charisma and the founder of mothers against drunk drivers. The Leadership Quarterly, 4(3–4), 329–346.

Weick (1995) Weick, K. (1995). Sensemaking in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Welch (1991) Welch, S. (1991). An ethic of solidarity. In H. Giroux (Ed.), Postmodernism, feminism, and cultural politics (pp. 83–99). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

Wells Swede & Tetlock (1986) Wells Swede, S. , & Tetlock, P. (1986). Henry Kissinger’s implicit personality theory: A quantitative case study. Journal of Personality, 54(4), 617–646.

Wengraf (2001) Wengraf, T. (2001). Qualitative interviewing: Biographic narrative and semi-structured methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Wepner, D’Onofrio, Willis, & Wilhite (2002) Wepner, S. , D’Onofrio, A. , Willis, B. , & Wilhite, S. (2002). Getting at the moral leadership of education deans. The Qualitative Report, 7(June), 2. Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR7-2/wepner.html. Accessed on September 9, 2002.

Wheatley (1999) Wheatley, M. J. (1999). Leadership and the new science: Discovering order in a chaotic world. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.

Wheatley (2006) Wheatley, M. J. (2006). Leadership and the new science: Learning about organizations from an orderly universe (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.

Whiteley, Sy, & Johnson (2012) Whiteley, P. , Sy, T. , & Johnson, S. K. (2012). Leaders’ conceptions of followers: Implications for naturally occurring Pygmalion effects. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 822–834.

Whitman (2007) Whitman, E. (2007). “Just chatting”: Research ethics and cyberspace. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 6(2). Article 7. Retrieved from http://www.uaberta.ca/_iiqm/backissues/6_2/whitman.htm. Accessed on June 26, 2007.

Whitney & Trosten-Bloom (2003) Whitney, D. , & Trosten-Bloom, A. (2003). The power of appreciative inquiry. San Francisco, CA: Berrett Koehler.

Whyte (2001) Whyte, D. (2001). Crossing the unknown seas: Work as pilgrimage of identity. New York, NY: Riverhead Books.

Wickham & Woods (2005) Wickham, M. , & Woods, M. (2005). Reflecting on the strategic use of CAQDAS to manage and report on the qualitative research process. The Qualitative Report, 10(4), 687–702.

Wicks & Freeman (1998) Wicks, A. , & Freeman, E. (1998). Organization studies and the new pragmatism: Positivism, anti-positivism, and the search for ethics. Organization Science, 9(2), 123–140.

Wiersma & Jurs (2005) Wiersma, W. , & Jurs, S. (2005). Research methods in education: An introduction (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson, Allyn & Bacon.

Wiesner (1999) Wiesner, D. (1999). Sector 7. New York, NY: Clarion Books.

Williams (2000) Williams, K. (2000). Research methods for students and professionals. Wagga Wagga, Australia: Centre for Information Studies.

Williams (2007) Williams, M. (2007). Avatar watching: Participant observation in graphical online environments. Qualitative Research, 7, 5–24.

Willis (2007) Willis, J. (2007). Foundations of qualitative research: Interpretive and qualitative perspective. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Wilson-Strinks, Mutha, & Swedish (2010) Wilson-Strinks, A. , Mutha, S. , & Swedish, J. (2010). From the perspective of CEOs: What motivates hospitals to embrace cultural competence. Journal of Healthcare Management, 55(5), 339–352.

Winter (1995) Winter, D. (1995). Presidential psychology and governing styles: A comparative psychological analysis of the 1992 presidential candidates. In S. Renshon (Ed.), The Clinton Presidency: Campaigning, governing and the psychology of leadership (pp. 113–134). Boulder, CO: Westview.

Winter (1998) Winter, D. (1998). A motivational analysis of the Clinton first term and the 1966 presidential campaign. Leadership Quarterly, 9(3), 367–376.

Wolcott (2009) Wolcott, H. (2009). Writing up qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Wolff, Pescosolido, & Druskat (2002) Wolff, S. B. , Pescosolido, A. T. , & Druskat, V. U. (2002). Emotional intelligence as the basis of leadership emergence in self-managing teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 13(5), 505–522.

Wong & Slater (2002) Wong, A. , & Slater, J. (2002). Executive development in China: is there any Western sense? International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(2), 338–360.

Woolcott (2002) Woolcott, H. (2002). Writing up qualitative research better. Qualitative Health Research, 12, 91–103.

Wright, Murray, & Geale (2007) Wright, A. , Murray, J. , & Geale, P. (2007). A phenomenological study of what it means to supervise doctoral students. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6(4), 458–474.

Wynsberghe & Khan (2007) Wynsberghe, R. , & Khan, S. (2007 International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 6(2), Article 6.

Yammarino, Dionne, Schriesheim, & Dansereau (2008) Yammarino, F. J. , Dionne, S. D. , Schriesheim, C. A. , & Dansereau, F. (2008). Authentic leadership and positive organizational behavior: A meso, multi-level perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 19(6), 693–707.

Yammarino, Salas, Serban, Shirreffs, & Shuffler (2012) Yammarino, F. J. , Salas, E. , Serban, A. , Shirreffs, K. , & Shuffler, M. (2012). Collectivistic leadership approaches: Putting the “we” in leadership science and practice. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 5, 382–402.

Yin (1994) Yin, R. (1994). Case study research: Design and methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Yin (2003) Yin, R. (2003). Case study research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Yin (2009) Yin, R. (2009). Case study research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Yin (2010) Yin, R. (2010). Analytic generalization. In A. J. Mills , G. Durepos , & E. Wiebe (Eds.), Encyclopedia of case study research (pp. 21–23). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Yin (2013) Yin, R. (2013). Case study research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Yuen, Law, & Wong (2003) Yuen, H. , Law, K. , & Wong, K. (2003). ICT implementation and school leadership: Case studies of ICT implementation in teaching and learning. Journal of Educational Administration, 41(2), 158–170.

Yukl (2002) Yukl, G. (2002). Leadership in organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Zaccaro, Rittman, & Marks (2001) Zaccaro, S. J. , Rittman, A. L. , & Marks, M. A. (2001). Team leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 12(4), 451–483.

Zander & Zander (2000) Zander, R. , & Zander, B. (2000). The art of possibility. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Zhou & George (2001) Zhou, J. , & George, J. (2001). When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice. Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), 682–696.