TY - JOUR AB - Purpose– The purpose of the paper is to review and compare six sigma and the lean organisation approaches to process improvement. The basis for combination and compatibility is evaluated and a holistic approach proposed.Design/methodology/approach– The examination is based on the author's extensive practical consulting and training experience with diverse six sigma, lean and business process improvement programmes in numerous companies across Europe and worldwide, as well as theoretical development of his previous published work.Findings– The paper contends that the current literature on the compatibility and combination of six sigma and lean is limited and disappointing when examined for a common model, theoretical compatibility or mutual content or method, but that they can be effectively combined into one system.Research limitations/implications– The study is experience‐based and not supported by a specific‐quantitative investigation.Practical implications– Companies pursuing six sigma and lean implementation programmes need to carefully examine how the proposed initiatives relate to each other and other initiatives before fully committing, or at least to review the programme, to enable sensible programme design and management.Originality/value– This paper focuses on six sigma and lean programmes in practice, rather than the theoretical basis or motivationally based argument. VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0954-478X DO - 10.1108/09544780610659989 UR - https://doi.org/10.1108/09544780610659989 AU - Bendell Tony ED - Su Mi Dahlgaard‐Park PY - 2006 Y1 - 2006/01/01 TI - A review and comparison of six sigma and the lean organisations T2 - The TQM Magazine PB - Emerald Group Publishing Limited SP - 255 EP - 262 Y2 - 2024/09/19 ER -