TY - JOUR AB - This article shows that regulation of the employment relationship in European public services has tended to give more importance to collective bargaining than to unilateral employer regulation. Although collective bargaining is a general trend, it is not the same in every country. This article concentrates on collective bargaining levels and the outcomes of collective bargaining in selected European states. A major explanatory factor of the extent of collective bargaining is the nature of the civil service system. Reformed “non‐career” systems tend to adopt collective bargaining institutions, resulting in binding collective agreements between employers and unions, while classical “career” systems do not. VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0951-3558 DO - 10.1108/09513550310492067 UR - https://doi.org/10.1108/09513550310492067 AU - Nomden Koen AU - Farnham David AU - Onnee‐Abbruciati Marie‐Laure PY - 2003 Y1 - 2003/01/01 TI - Collective bargaining in public services: Some European comparisons T2 - International Journal of Public Sector Management PB - MCB UP Ltd SP - 412 EP - 423 Y2 - 2024/04/25 ER -