TY  - JOUR
AB  - Purpose– The paper refers to a pair of conjugate systems (master and slave systems) associated by the condition that the evolution of the first is function on its current state and on a future state of the second system, while the evolution of the second system depends on its current state and on a past state of the first system also. The purpose of this paper is to solve particular cases of differential systems of equations which express the behaviour of conjugate systems, in order to see what kind of symmetry or harmony is established in the common evolution of the two systems.Design/methodology/approach– Becoming with the Dubois' definition of conjugate retardation and anticipation variables and his mixed advanced‐retarded differential equations, the paper considers some cases: first case when information about future and past is kept constant, without and with an impulse from the side of the master system, then when information about future and respective past is a variable.Findings– In the case with variable information about future and past, and for a constant shift time, there are found exponential solutions; it has been ascertained that the two trajectories present a symmetry expressed by their proportionality all the time. A definition of symmetry by anticipation and retardation is given. It is also found that a system with uniform linear development cannot be in a symmetry by anticipation and retardation with any other system.Practical implications– In the paper, the practical implications are linked by the relationship between man and his environment and how to consider the data delivered by forecast.Originality/value– The calculus and its results, the notion of symmetry by anticipation and retardation, examples and conclusions, all are original contributions.
VL  - 38
IS  - 7/8
SN  - 0368-492X
DO  - 10.1108/03684920910976871
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920910976871
AU  - Otlacan Eufrosina
ED  - Jerzy Józefczyk
PY  - 2009
Y1  - 2009/01/01
TI  - Symmetry of conjugate systems with anticipation and retardation
T2  - Kybernetes
PB  - Emerald Group Publishing Limited
SP  - 1162
EP  - 1170
Y2  - 2024/04/25
ER  -