TY  - JOUR
AB  - Purpose– The main purpose of this paper is to consider knowledge production as a social self‐organization process, to clarify ethical implications of such an approach, and to relate it to the thinking of Heinz von Foerster.Design/methodology/approach– The method employed is the one of dialectical constructions, i.e. existing contradicting approaches on knowledge research are identified and classified and a constructive synthesis of these approaches is made.Findings– Since Heinz von Foerster's pioneering work, information‐generating systems are considered to be self‐organizing systems. We see knowledge as only a particular kind of information: it is the manifestation of information in the social realm. Thus, the creation of social information is due to the self‐organization of social systems. Heinz von Foerster has given us some indications of how knowledge and self‐organization could be applied to society. In this paper, we try to sketch a position of our own while taking into consideration Heinz von Foerster's relevant ideas.Practical implications– The research results in this paper imply that a knowledge‐based society can only survive if it is designed in a participatory and socially and ecologically sustainable way. Hence a practical implication is that participation and co‐operation need to be advanced in order to guarantee human development.Originality/value– The innovative aspect of the paper is that it suggests that all social self‐organizing systems are knowledge‐producing systems and that considering knowledge as a co‐operative process implies responsibility for solving the global social problems. It combines knowledge research and systems thinking based on ideas on self‐organization by Heinz von Foerster in order to describe social systems.
VL  - 34
IS  - 1/2
SN  - 0368-492X
DO  - 10.1108/03684920510575825
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920510575825
AU  - Fuchs Christian
AU  - Hofkirchner Wolfgang
PY  - 2005
Y1  - 2005/01/01
TI  - Self‐organization, knowledge and responsibility
T2  - Kybernetes
PB  - Emerald Group Publishing Limited
SP  - 241
EP  - 260
Y2  - 2021/04/11
ER  -