How socially connected are citers to those that they cite?

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to report an investigation into the social and citation networks of three information scientists: David Nicholas, Peter Williams and Paul Huntington.

Design/methodology/approach

Similarities between citation patterns and social closeness were identified and discussed. A total of 16 individuals in the citation network were identified and investigated using citation analysis, and a matrix formed of citations made between those in the network. Social connections between the 16 in the citation network were then investigated by means of a questionnaire, the results of which were merged into a separate matrix. These matrices were converted into visual social networks, using multidimensional scaling. A new deviance measure was devised for drawing comparisons between social and citation closeness in individual cases.

Findings

Nicholas, Williams and Huntington were found to have cited 527 authors in the period 2000‐2003, the 16 most cited becoming the subjects of further citation and social investigation. This comparison, along with the examination of visual representations indicates a positive correlation between social closeness and citation counts. Possible explanations for this correlation are discussed, and implications considered. Despite this correlation, the information scientists were found to cite widely outside their immediate social connections.

Originality/value

Social network analysis has not been often used in combination with citation analysis to explore inter‐relationships in research teams.

Citation

Johnson, B. and Oppenheim, C. (2007), "How socially connected are citers to those that they cite?", Journal of Documentation, Vol. 63 No. 5, pp. 609-637. https://doi.org/10.1108/00220410710827727